John E. Hallgren

The palladium-catalyzed synthesis of diphenyl carbonate from phenol, carbon monoxide, and oxygen

Abstract Diphenyl carbonate was obtained from the reaction of carbon monoxide, phenol, and oxygen using catalytic quantities of palladium, a tertiary amine, and an oxidation cocatalyst at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. A variety of copper, vanadium, cobalt, and manganese salts were effective cocatalysts, although in many cases side products were produced. Using catalytic quantities of manganese salts, up to 100 mol of diphenylcarbonate per mol of palladium was realized.

The Reactions of Carbon Monoxide and Phenols Promoted by Palladium Complexes

Abstract The reaction of phenols with carbon monoxide at atmospheric pressure and room temperature in the presence of palladium cholrode and tertiary amine produces diaryl carbonates and aryl salicylates. Only diaryl cabonates are produced when palladium carbonyl cholride is substituted for palladium chloride. Reaction pathways are proposed.

The palladium-catalyzed synthesis of diphenyl carbonate from phenol, carbon monoxide, and oxygen : II. Aqueous sodium hydroxide as a base

Abstract Aqueous sodium hydroxide in combination with a phase transfer catalyst was found to be an effective base for the palladium-catalyzed synthesis of diphenyl carbonate from phenol, carbon monoxide, and oxygen. Small quantities of sodium hydroxide with the phase transfer catalyst resulted in reaction rates faster than had been observed previously using a tertiary amine. The effect of anions on reaction rates is also discussed.

Synthesis of aryl esters from olefin and phenols via palladium carbonyl chloride

Abstract The carboarylation of monosubstituted 1-olefins with 2,6-dichlorophenol, carbon monoxide, and palladium carbonyl chloride in the presence of a tertiary amine is described. In most cases, high yields of the unsaturated aryl esters were obtained.