José Barbosa dos Anjos

Desempenho agronômico de genótipos de pinhão manso no Semiárido pernambucano

This research aimed to evaluate the silvicultural behavior and the yield of different genotypes of physic nut under irrigated conditions in the Semi-arid zone of Pernambuco State. An experiment was carried out at Gabriela Farm, located in the municipality of Santa Maria da Boa Vista-PE, Brazil. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with ten treatments and three replications. Treatments consisted of ten genotypes obtained from a previous selection of the most productive plants of a physic nut collection located in the municipality of Petrolina-PE, Brazil. Plant spacing was 3.0m x 2.0m. Each plant was fertilized with 150g of NPK (formula 06:24:12) at sowing time. The plants were weekly watered by dripping irrigation system. The data at three months after planting were submitted to statistical analysis and the means compared by the test of Duncan at the level of 5% of probability. Genotypes showed good silvicultural behavior at three months age. Although there was not significant difference among genotypes for plant survival (100%), plant height (1.3m) and number of inflorescences per plant (12), it was observed significant difference for number of bifurcations that varied from 3.6 to 5.3 bifurcations per plant. At twelve month evaluation, genotype 2304 was superior to the other genotypes in plant height (2.7m), steam diameter (6.3cm), number of fruit per plant (1,211) and seed production (3,542kg ha-1). It is recommended 2304 genotype for plant breeding research, which can improve seed productivity of J. curcas species.

Soil and water losses in situ water harvesting systems in the brazilian semi-arid

Os sistemas de cultivo utilizados no semi-arido brasileiro apresentam riscos de perda devido a irregularidade das chuvas, devendo-se associa-los a praticas que propiciem maior infiltracao e, consequentemente, menor erosao, o que pode ser obtido por meio de tecnicas de captacao de agua de chuva in situ. Neste trabalho, teve-se o objetivo de avaliar as perdas de agua e de solo em area cultivada com milho (Zea mays L.), submetida a diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo, correspondendo aos tratamentos Guimaraes Duque (T1); aracao profunda (T2); aracao parcial (T3) e sulcos barrados (T4), comparados com o sistema tradicional (T5), que corresponde ao plantio sem preparo do solo. Apos cada evento de chuva, a agua e o solo escoados foram coletados e medidos. A umidade do solo em diferentes profundidades foi monitorada durante o ciclo de producao da cultura e avaliada a produtividade dos graos por meio da analise de variância. A partir dos resultados, pode-se observar que o metodo Guimaraes Duque (T1) proporcionou maiores perdas de agua (6.696 L) e de solo (15.225 kg ha-1), enquanto as menores perdas foram obtidas com os sulcos barrados (T4), correspondendo a 1.066 L e 1.022 kg ha-1, respectivamente. Nesse tratamento (T4), tambem foi obtida a maior produtividade de graos (606 kg ha-1), apresentando-se como o sistema mais indicado para as condicoes analisadas.

PRODUÇÃO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DA BIOMASSA DE Jatropha curcas NO SEMIÁRIDO BRASILEIRO

In order to assess production and distribution of biomass shoots of different genotypes of Jatropha curcas under irrigation in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil, an experiment was established in Gabriela Farm, in the municipality of Santa Maria da Boa Vista-PE. The experimental design was randomized blocks with ten treatments (genotypes of Jatropha curcas), and three replications in row plots of six plants, with a single border and spacing of 3.0 x 2.0 m. Plants were fertilized with 150 g of NPK (06:24:12) at planting time, and a topdressing with 150 g.planta-1 NPK (10:10:10) applied at six and twelve months of age. The plants were irrigated weekly using a dripping system with an average water application of 20 l.plant-1 during the dry period of the region. At 24 months of age, the overall height of the plants, the average diameter of bifurcations at 1.30m from the soil level and the number of bifurcations at 0.5 m of height were evaluated. Twenty six fruit/ seed harvests were done weekly. Fruits were harvested ripe, before falling on the ground, for seven months. To determine dry biomass, the plants were cut at 0.30 m from soil level. The genotypes showed high agronomic uniformity, except for the variable number of bifurcations, where the genotype 1701 was superior to the genotypes 1501, 1602, 1703 and 1601. Biomass production of genotypes in irrigated conditions in the semiarid region is high and the distribution of biomass followed the decreasing order: root>fruit>thick branches>leaves>bark>thin branches.