José Renato Junqueira Borges

Situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Distrito Federal

A study to characterize the epidemiological status of brucellosis was carried out in the Federal District of Brazil. A total of 2,019 serum samples from 278 herds were collected. In each herd, it was applied an epidemiological questionnaire focused on herd traits as well as husbandry and sanitary practices that could be associated with the risk of infection. The serum samples were screened for antibodies against Brucella spp. by the Rose-Bengal Test (RBT), and all positive sera were re-tested by the 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME). The herd was considered positive if at least one animal was positive on both RBT and 2-ME tests. Herd prevalence was estimated as 2.5% [1.0-5.1%] whereas animal prevalence was 0.16% [0.04-0.28%]. Given these results, that may warrant the implementation of eradication strategies, there is a case for intensifying the serological testing in the Federal District, coupled with the introduction of rapid detection methods by the dairy industries, with a view to increasing the number of accredited free herds and improving the sensitivity of the surveillance system..

Intoxicação natural por Brachiaria spp. em ovinos no Brasil Central

Dissertacao (mestrado)-Universidade de Brasilia, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinaria, 2009.

Histopatologia de lesões tumoriformes presentes na cavidade nasal de eqüídeos do Brasil

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the microscopic aspects of tumor-like masses present in the nasal cavity of equids and also to emphasize the importance of histopathological examination for determining the diagnosis. Tissue sections of tumor-like masses from the nasal cavity of 11 equids were microscopically examined. These samples were sent to the Anatomic Pathology Service of the Veterinary Medicine College from the Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, from 2000 to 2004. Three cases of rhinosporidiosis, one of amyloidosis, six of nasal polyps and one of progressive ethmoid hematoma were diagnosed.

Síndrome do abscesso pituitário em bezerros na Região Centro-Oeste

Pituitary abscess syndrome is a neurologic disease responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks especially in calves leading to high mortality rates. This paper aimed to report the occurrence and the clinical, laboratorial and pathologic findings in three 8 to 11-month-old calves with pituitary abscess syndrome from Mid-Western Brazil. The most important clinical findings were nervous signs of cerebral and brainstem origin with clinical evolution of 7-20 days. Hematology revealed leucocytosis by neutrophilia and hyperfibrinogenemia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed neutrophilic pleocytosis. Arcanobacterium pyogenes was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid. One calf recovered after antibiotic treatment. Mortality rate was 66.6% (2/3). Necropsy findings included single para-hypophyseal abscesses or located in the glandular parenchyma; one calf showed necrotizing rhinitis and another abscedative pneumonia. Histological exams of the central nervous system reveal complete absence of normal pituitary tissue due to the wide necrosis and neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate. The authors reiterate the importance of adequate management practices to reduce incidence of several diseases especially in calves, including the pituitary abscess syndrome.

Intoxicação aguda por diazinon em bovinos

The present paper reports muscarinic and nicotinic signs and death of 11 out of 23 adult cattle treated with a pour on diazinon based product, at 5-6 times the recommended concentration by the manufacturer. The diagnosis was performed by the detection of the active principle in liver and brain of cattle.

Treatment of a Periarticular Tibial Fracture in a Foal with a Hybrid External Fixator

OBJECTIVE To report repair of a right proximal tibial Salter-Harris type II fracture in a foal with a hybrid external fixator (HEF). STUDY DESIGN Case report. ANIMALS A 5-month-old male foal. METHODS After open surgical reduction, an HEF built with wires, 2 half-rings, 3 half-threaded connecting rods, and Schanz pins was used to stabilize the fracture. RESULTS Immediately after surgery, the foal had relatively good weight bearing. The HEF was removed at 60 days after radiographic confirmation of healing. CONCLUSIONS HEF can be used to stabilize a proximal tibial Salter-Harris type II fracture in a 5-month-old foal. CLINICAL RELEVANCE HEF should be considered as another option for repair of proximal tibial Salter-Harris type II fractures in foals.

Perosomus elumbis em um cordeiro no Brasil

Perosomus elumbis designates a set of rare abnormal congenital abnormalities that primarily includes partial agenesis of spinal cord and lumbosacral vertebrae. The present paper reports the occurrence of the disease in a neonate sheep in Brazil.

Ecocardiografia de equinos Puro Sangue Árabe após exercício de enduro de diferentes intensidades

Echocardiography is a noninvasive and accurate evaluation of cardiac abnormalities in horses, thereby determining those animals that show better adaptation to exercise and conditioning to which they were submitted. The aim of this study was to verify by echocardiographic M-mode and two-dimensional cardiac functional indices of 15 purebred Arabian horses, nine males and six females, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years, subjected to different intensities prolonged endurance exercise. Thus, both groups were divided into three, in which four animals traveled 30km (GI), six animals traveled 90km (GII) and five animals traveled 120km (GIII). Assessments occurred before the start of each test and was considered the time zero (M0); 30 minutes after running through the last ring of the race characterized the final moment (Mf). Before the treatment there were no statistically significant differences between the indexes obtained in the M0 and Mf of GI. Otherwise, it was observed statistical difference in GII for stroke volume, heart rate, left ventricular internal diameter in diastole and systole, and in GIII for stroke volume, heart rate, left ventricular internal diameter in diastole and systole and interventricular septal thickness in diastole. So endurance horses echocardiography revealed that the exercise enabled the assessment of cardiac functional indexes according to the intensity of the exercise tax.

Fatores de risco, achados clínicos, laboratoriais e avaliação terapêutica em 36 bovinos com deslocamento de abomaso

The continuous genetic selection for high milk production in association with greater digestive capacity and corporal depth increases the susceptibility for abomasopathies including abomasal displacement. The present work aimed to accomplish a retrospective study on abomasal displacement in 36 cattle attended at Bovine Clinic, Garanhuns Campus, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, through January 2000 to February 2009. Twenty seven cases of right abomasal displacement, six cases of left abomasal displacement and three of abomasal volvulus were diagnosed. Eleven moderate cases, without severe abdominal distention, appetite for roughage and metallic sound (“ping”) reaching at the most the 8th intercostal space were treated conservatively, and 20 severe cases with moderate to severe abdominal distention associated to systemic disturbances were treated surgically. Two cows were euthanized due to diffuse peritonitis or severe alterations in the abomasal serosa totalizing 18 animals submitted to the surgical treatment. Two animals were slaughtered and three cows arrived prostrated and died without receiving any treatment. Risk factor analysis identified rainy season as statistically significant. The greater number of abomasal displacement was in crossbred cows with 24 cases (66.6%), followed by Holstein and Gir cattle with 11 (30.5%) and one (2.9%) cases, respectively. Food composition varied greatly and characterized by excess of carbohydrates and in most cases low quality fibers. Most frequent clinical signs were apathy, dehydration, light to severe ruminal bloat with reduced or absent motility, splashing sound during right flank ballottement, ping and a distended viscera-like structure in the side of the displacement; liquid, blackish and fetid feces. Hematology reveals leukocytosis with neutrophilia and hyperfibrinogenemia in most cases. Ruminal fluid analysis showed compromised flora and fauna dynamics and increased chloride ion concentration in 93.9% of the cases achieving the media index of 47.66 mEq/L. Clinical and surgical recovery rate achieved 100% and 72.2%, respectively. Those methods described are viable options for the treatment of light and severe displacements but the prevention remains the best choice.

Sinais clínicos e patologia da intoxicação crônica experimental de caprinos por Palicourea marcgravii

Palicourea marcgravii is considered the main toxic plant for livestock in Brazil, however, only the acute intoxication has been reported. This study reports the clinical and pathological changes of 10 goats chronically intoxicated by P. marcgravii. The animals received, daily, 0.2g/kg body weight of the fresh plant during 6 to 38 days. The main clinical signs were anorexia, lethargy, tachycardia, arrhythmia, positive jugular venous pulse and recumbency. At necropsies, the lesions were pale kidneys and myocardium, serous atrophy of cardiac fat, evident hepatic lobular pattern and pulmonary edema. The main microscopic findings were swelling and vacuolization of cardiomyocytes, cardiac necrosis and inflammatory mononuclear infiltrate of the myocardium. The kidneys showed diffuse vacuolar hydropic degeneration of the epithelium. These findings demonstrated that goats chronically intoxicated by P. marcgravii show distinct clinicopathologic features than those observed in the acute form of the poisoning. It is suggested that goats may be spontaneously become intoxicated by the ingestion of small repeated doses of the plant and that the poisoning can be confused with other diseases.