Juarez Morbini Lopes

Níveis das vitaminas A e E em dietas de frangos de corte de 1 a 42 dias de idade

This experimental research was conducted at the Poultry Section of the Animal Science Department at the Federal University of Santa Maria. The objective of this work was to evaluate the interactions between different levels of vitamins A (Retinol) and E (tocoferol), and their effect on broilers performance in two periods: 1-21 and 1-42 days of age. A total of 990 ROSS day-old male chicks were set. The trial was composed by 9 treatments, with 5 replicates of 22 birds each. An experimental design in blocks was employed in a factorial 32 (three levels of two vitamins). The levels of vitamins A and E were 5,000; 10,000 and 15,000UI and 10; 20 and 30mg kg-1 of diet, respectively. The parameters evaluated were: feed consumption, body weight, feed conversion and mortality. Feed comsumption, body weight and feed conversion were not affected by the increasing or loweing of the medium levels of the studied vitamins. Based in these results we can conclude that vitamins A and E , wich means 50% reduction of the levels used by poultry integration in South Brazil do not reduce the growing of broilers when compared to medium and high levels, which can lead to a reducing in the costs of production.

Adição de bentonita sódica como adsorvente de aflatoxinas em rações de frangos de corte

High concentrations of micotoxins in raw materials, mainly in corn used in poultry rations of food, is an important subject of study due to hazardous problems not only to the animals themselves but also to the producer and to the poultry industry due to the reduction of performance by aflatoxins. Taking into account the lack of efficient tecnique for its elimination, from the feed, an adsorbent was added to the diets in order to reduce the effects of aflatoxins. Nine hundred sixty day old Cobb chicks, distributed in 8 replicates of 20 birds per pen the following treatments: T1=No aflatoxin; T2=3mg kg-1 of aflatoxin; T3=no aflatoxin+0.5% of bentonite; T4=3mg kg-1 of aflatoxin+0,1% of bentonite;T5=3mg kg-1 of aflatoxin+0.3% bentonite and T6=3mg kg-1 aflatoxin+ 0.5% of bentonite. Feed intake, body weight and feed conversion were depressed by aflatoxin in the feed. The addition of bentonite to the feed without aflatoxin did not caused negative effecs to the broilers. In treatments carried out with 3mg kg-1 of aflatoxins, the addition of the adsorbent promoted a better performance of the broilers with best results for those receiving 0.3% of bentonite.

Níveis de substituição da DL-metionina pela metionina hidróxi análoga em base equimolar, em dietas para frangos de corte

The objective of this work was to study the effects of substitution of DL-Methionine (DL-Met) by Methionine Hidroxi Analogue free acid (MHA-FA)in on equimolar basis, at different levels, as source of Methionine for broilers, from 1 to 44 days. Seven hundred male one day old chicks (ROSS), were used. The experimental design was in BLOCKs, to avoid ambiental effects, chicks were randomly distributed in five treatments with seven replicates of twenty birds each. The constitution of treatments was based on the substitution of DL-Met by MHA-FA in equimolar basis (0;25; 50; 75 and 100%). Diets were isonutritives for all treatments, differing only in respect to the source of Methionine. The parameters evaluated in this study were: body weight, feed consumption, feathering, abdominal fat pad, carcass yeld and liver weight. No significant differences between sources of Methionine were observed for the parameters, no matter the level of substitution, with exception for feathering, were the use of MHA-FA give the poorest result. Based on the results, one can conclude that the substitution of DL-Met for MHA-FA, in equimolar basis, produce the same performance of broilers, from 1 to 44 days.

Enzimas de função hepática na aflatoxicose aguda experimental em frangos de corte

The aim ofthis study is to evaluate ihe hepatic function of experimentally intoxicated broilers by aflatoxin with and without sodium bentonite. Forty Ross mole broilers, were used divided into 4 groups of 10 birds, and such groups have been submitted to the following treatments: T1- control (feed without aflatoxin or sodium bentonite), T2- feed containing 5ppm of aflatoxin, T3- feed containing 5ppm of aflatoxin and 0.5% of sodium bentonite and T4- feed containing 0.5% of sodium bentonite. Ali these treatments have been appiied from the lst to the 42nd day of lif e. On the days 21, 35 and 42, the serum leveis of the enzimes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanino aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and gamma glutamiltransferase (GGT). The analysis of variance showed an interaction between treatments and time of blood sampling for the following variables: AST, LDH and GGT. Tukey test was used to compare significant averages among treatments. It was observed that the enzimes AST, ALT and GGT have not shown significam diferences among treatments. However, in treatment 2, AST showed a linear increase (p < 0.01) along the experiment, more pronounced in treatment 2. The ALT had no variation in any treatment during the total period. The GGT enzyme in treatments 2 and 3 had a linear increase (p < 0.05) for ali periods. The LDH leveis, at the 21st day, was higher for treatments 2 and 3 compared to treatments l and 4. According to the results, it can be concluded that is possible to detect the hepatotoxicity of aflatoxin in through monitoring of enzimes AST and GGT leveis, in the serum of birds between 21 and 42 days of age, and by evaluation ofLDH at 21 days.

Salinomicina e semduramicina associadas em diferentes concentrações no controle da eimeriose em frangos de corte

This study aimed to investigate the association of salinomycin and semduramicin, in different doses, against controlled mixed infection of Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima and E. tenella in broiler chickens. Eight hundred birds were divided into 5 groups (T1: not medicated feed; T2: 30 ppm of salinomycin and 12.5 ppm of semduramicin; T3: 30 ppm of salinomycin and 15 ppm of semduramicin; T4: 40 ppm of salinomycin and 12,5 ppm of semduramicin and T5: 40 ppm of salinomycin and 15 ppm of semduramicin) and inoculated at 15 days of age with sporulated oocysts of E. acervulina, E. maxima and E. tenella in a mixed suspension, through the feed. Performance data and lesion scores were recorded. All treated groups showed statistically better cumulative weight gain at 21 days old. At 35 days old only the T3 group showed significant difference. Cumulative feed conversion showed statistical difference in the groups T4 and T5. The treatment T5 was more effective in the coccidiosis control of E. tenella. T3 and T5 achieved statistical differences in the average lesion scores of the three analyzed species. The association of salinomycin and semduramicin used in lower doses than the usual, showed to be an option in the coccidiosis control in this experiment.