Juliana Masami Morimoto

Questionário de freqüência alimentar para adultos com base em estudo populacional

The objective of the study was to develop a food frequency questionnaire for each of the following groups: female adults, male adults and male and female adults, based on dietary data obtained in a population-based study comprising individuals from different income levels. Dietary data was obtained from a 24-hour Dietary Recall applied to a probabilistic sample of 1,477 subjects in the city of Sao Paulo (Southeastern Brazil) in 2003. Food items accounting for at least 90% of total daily calorie intake and nutrients were selected. The reference time frame was the year preceding the interview and subjects had the choice of four serving sizes.

Índice de qualidade da dieta de adolescentes residentes no distrito do Butantã, município de São Paulo, Brasil

Universidade de Sao Paulo Faculdade de Saude Publica Departamento de Nutricao e Epidemiologia

Fatores associados à qualidade da dieta de adultos residentes na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil, 2002

Objetivou-se avaliar os fatores demograficos, socio-economicos e de estilo de vida associados a qualidade da dieta de adultos residentes na Regiao Metropolitana de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Estudo transversal, por meio de inquerito domiciliar, de base populacional, foi realizado no Distrito do Butanta e nos municipios de Itapecerica da Serra, Embu e Taboao da Serra. Utilizaram-se dados de um questionario e um recordatorio de 24 horas de 1.840 adultos de 20 anos ou mais, de ambos os sexos, incluidos em um inquerito de saude (ISA-SP). A qualidade da dieta foi avaliada atraves do indice de qualidade da dieta (IQD) adaptado para a realidade local. Utilizou-se analise de regressao linear para avaliar a associacao entre o IQD e as demais variaveis. A maioria da populacao (75%) apresentou dieta que necessita de melhora. Observaram-se medias baixas para os componentes: frutas, verduras e legumes, leite e derivados. Numero de bens de consumo duraveis, escolaridade do chefe da familia e ter 60 anos ou mais se associaram ao IQD em homens. Para as mulheres, a faixa etaria se associou ao IQD. Em ambos os modelos, o consumo de calorias se manteve como variavel de ajuste.

Variância intrapessoal para ajuste da distribuição de nutrientes em estudos epidemiológicos

O objetivo do estudo foi apresentar a fracao da variância intrapessoal para ajuste da distribuicao de nutrientes de adultos e idosos. Utilizaram-se dados de inquerito populacional com amostra representativa (n = 511) de individuos com 19 anos ou mais do municipio de Sao Paulo, SP, em 2007. A fracao da variância intrapessoal foi obtida pelo metodo proposto pela Iowa State University. Observaram-se diferencas nas fracoes das variâncias intrapessoais de nutrientes segundo sexo. Esses valores devem ser utilizados para ajustar a distribuicao da ingestao de nutrientes, pois sua nao utilizacao pode resultar em vies na analise e interpretacao de dados.The objective of the study was to present the within-person variance component for adjusting nutrient distribution in adults and elderly people. The data used were from a population-based survey with a representative sample (n = 511) of individuals aged 19 years and over in the municipality of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, conducted in 2007. The within-person variance component was obtained using the Iowa State University method. Differences in within-person variance components were observed for some nutrients according to gender. These values should be used to adjust nutrient intake distributions, because lack of adjustment may result in biased data analysis and interpretation.

Statistical Innovations Improve Prevalence Estimates of Nutrient Risk Populations: Applications in São Paulo, Brazil

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake and excess sodium intake among adults age 19 years and older in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall and sociodemographic data were collected from each participant (n=1,663) in a cross-sectional study, Inquiry of Health of São Paulo, of a representative sample of the adult population of the city of São Paulo in 2003 (ISA-2003). The variability in intake was measured through two replications of the 24-hour recall in a subsample of this population in 2007 (ISA-2007). Usual intake was estimated by the PC-SIDE program (version 1.0, 2003, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University), which uses an approach developed by Iowa State University. The prevalence of nutrient inadequacy was calculated using the Estimated Average Requirement cut-point method for vitamins A and C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, copper, phosphorus, and selenium. For vitamin D, pantothenic acid, manganese, and sodium, the proportion of individuals with usual intake equal to or more than the Adequate Intake value was calculated. The percentage of individuals with intake equal to more than the Tolerable Upper Intake Level was calculated for sodium. The highest prevalence of inadequacy for males and females, respectively, occurred for vitamin A (67% and 58%), vitamin C (52% and 62%), thiamin (41% and 50%), and riboflavin (29% and 19%). The adjustment for the within-person variation presented lower prevalence of inadequacy due to removal of within-person variability. All adult residents of São Paulo had excess sodium intake, and the rates of nutrient inadequacy were high for certain key micronutrients.

Within-person variance for adjusting nutrient distribution in epidemiological studies

O objetivo do estudo foi apresentar a fracao da variância intrapessoal para ajuste da distribuicao de nutrientes de adultos e idosos. Utilizaram-se dados de inquerito populacional com amostra representativa (n = 511) de individuos com 19 anos ou mais do municipio de Sao Paulo, SP, em 2007. A fracao da variância intrapessoal foi obtida pelo metodo proposto pela Iowa State University. Observaram-se diferencas nas fracoes das variâncias intrapessoais de nutrientes segundo sexo. Esses valores devem ser utilizados para ajustar a distribuicao da ingestao de nutrientes, pois sua nao utilizacao pode resultar em vies na analise e interpretacao de dados.The objective of the study was to present the within-person variance component for adjusting nutrient distribution in adults and elderly people. The data used were from a population-based survey with a representative sample (n = 511) of individuals aged 19 years and over in the municipality of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, conducted in 2007. The within-person variance component was obtained using the Iowa State University method. Differences in within-person variance components were observed for some nutrients according to gender. These values should be used to adjust nutrient intake distributions, because lack of adjustment may result in biased data analysis and interpretation.

Dietary Iron Bioavailability: Agreement between Estimation Methods and Association with Serum Ferritin Concentrations in Women of Childbearing Age

Predictive iron bioavailability (FeBio) methods aimed at evaluating the association between diet and body iron have been proposed, but few studies explored their validity and practical usefulness in epidemiological studies. In this cross-sectional study involving 127 women (18–42 years) with presumably steady-state body iron balance, correlations were checked among various FeBio estimates (probabilistic approach and meal-based and diet-based algorithms) and serum ferritin (SF) concentrations. Iron deficiency was defined as SF < 15 µg/L. Pearson correlation, Friedman test, and linear regression were employed. Iron intake and prevalence of iron deficiency were 10.9 mg/day and 12.6%. Algorithm estimates were strongly correlated (0.69≤ r ≥0.85; p < 0.001), although diet-based models (8.5–8.9%) diverged from meal-based models (11.6–12.8%; p < 0.001). Still, all algorithms underestimated the probabilistic approach (17.2%). No significant association was found between SF and FeBio from Monsen (1978), Reddy (2000), and Armah (2013) algorithms. Nevertheless, there was a 30–37% difference in SF concentrations between women stratified at extreme tertiles of FeBio from Hallberg and Hulthén (2000) and Collings’ (2013) models. The results demonstrate discordance of FeBio from probabilistic approach and algorithm methods while suggesting two models with best performances to rank individuals according to their bioavailable iron intakes.

Varianza intrapersonal para ajuste de la distribución de nutrientes en estudios epidemiológicos

O objetivo do estudo foi apresentar a fracao da variância intrapessoal para ajuste da distribuicao de nutrientes de adultos e idosos. Utilizaram-se dados de inquerito populacional com amostra representativa (n = 511) de individuos com 19 anos ou mais do municipio de Sao Paulo, SP, em 2007. A fracao da variância intrapessoal foi obtida pelo metodo proposto pela Iowa State University. Observaram-se diferencas nas fracoes das variâncias intrapessoais de nutrientes segundo sexo. Esses valores devem ser utilizados para ajustar a distribuicao da ingestao de nutrientes, pois sua nao utilizacao pode resultar em vies na analise e interpretacao de dados.The objective of the study was to present the within-person variance component for adjusting nutrient distribution in adults and elderly people. The data used were from a population-based survey with a representative sample (n = 511) of individuals aged 19 years and over in the municipality of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, conducted in 2007. The within-person variance component was obtained using the Iowa State University method. Differences in within-person variance components were observed for some nutrients according to gender. These values should be used to adjust nutrient intake distributions, because lack of adjustment may result in biased data analysis and interpretation.