Júnior Melo Damian

Componentes de rendimento e produtividade de híbridos de milho em função de doses de NPK e de deficit hídrico em estádios fenológicos críticos

Water stress and nutritional deficiency are the main factors that affecting grain yield of maize crops. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the yield components and productivity of maize hybrids through the use of fertilizer levels and drought stress at different periods of the reproductive stage. The study was carried out in a greenhouse using plastic vases with 15 liter capacity. A randomized block design in a factorial scheme (3 x 4 x 3) with three repetitions was used. The factors were constituted by maize hybrids (P30F53, AS1551 and AG5011), fertilization levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 times the recommended dose) and drought stress (without deficit, deficit in tasseling (VT) and grain filling (R2). The plant height, stem diameter, number of spikes, spike length, dry matter and grain yield were evaluated. Regardless of hybrid, maize crop is more tolerant to water stress at the tasseling period when compared to grain filling stage. The AS1551 hybrid showed the most grain yield as well as being more tolerant to drought water and malnutrition. The non-application of NPK fertilizer restricted severely grain yield, and with increasing doses there was a significant increase in productivity. The proper soil fertilization in AS1551 and AG5011 hybrids mitigate the effects of drought stress when applied at grain filling stage.

Variáveis biométricas e componentes produtivos da cultura do trigo: mapeamento e correlação entre variáveis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between biometric variables quantified along the phenological development of the wheat crop with grain yield and production components. The study was carried out in an area of 4.7 ha. Initially the area was georeferenced and divided into a sampling grid of 50 x 50 m, resulting in 18 sample points. At each point three subplots of 2 x 1 m were marked. The emergency of plants seven days after emergence (DAE) (stage 1), number of plants, number of tillers, number of leaves per plant, root length, height, root dry mass, dry mass of the aerial part and number of nodes at 35 (stage 5), 57 (stage 8) and 80 (stage 10.3) DAE were evaluated. The yield component was determined regarding the number of spikes; 1000 grain weight; number of grains per spike and grain yield at 130 DAE (stage 11.4). Biometric differences in wheat plants from phenological stage 8 affect the productive components of crop. Wheat plants higher (height and number of nodes) and reduced root length showed higher productivity.