Karina Medici Madureira

Avaliação funcional dos fagócitos do sangue e da secreção mamária de vacas no período pós-parto imediato

The peripartum is characterized by immune and physiological changes in the mammary glands of cows, making them more susceptive to mastitis. This work aimed to evaluate the phagocytosis ofxa0 Escherichia coli xa0by phagocytes from blood and colostrum from healthy Holstein cows. Samples from 22 female, heifers and cows, were obtained during the first postpartum milking for evaluation of phagocytosis in glass cover slip, after stimulation withxa0 E. coli . The proportion of spreading blood phagocytes was higher when cells were stimulated with bacteria (p=0.003). However, the phagocytosis rate was low and similar to that observed when blood cells were unstimulated (p=0.299). Colostrum showed higher rates of spreading (p=0.000) and phagocytosis (p=0.001) when phagocytes were stimulated withxa0 E. coli . Comparing the results obtained for blood and colostrum, a higher proportion of not spreading phagocytes without bacteria inside, when stimulated (p=0.000) or not (p=0.002) with bacteria, was observed in blood. There was a higher spreading rate in colostrum when phagocytes were stimulated withxa0 E. coli xa0(p=0.002). There was no difference in the percentage of phagocytosis in blood or colostrum samples incubated (p=0.478) or not (p=0.071) with bacteria. The results showed thatxa0 E. coli influenced the activity of blood and colostrum phagocytes from Holstein cows in the immediate postpartum period, and will assist in the understanding of the immunological mechanisms that occurs in this period, considered as the most susceptible to infections in cows.

Perfil sérico proteico de vacas Holandesas no período de transição

The aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinally the serum protein profile of 13 Holstein cows during the transition period. Blood samples (n=78) were taken weekly, from the second week before parturition (M-2) to the third week after parturition (M3) for determination of serum protein profile by biochemical tests (total serum protein - PT) and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, for the other proteins analyzed. PT values decreased gradually (P = 0.000) from M-2 (6.4g/dL) to M0 (6.2g/dL), increasing in subsequent moments (M3 = 7.3g/dL). The concentrations of the heavy chain (M-2=919.4; M-1=1074.5mg/dL) and the light chain of IgG (M-2=393.9; M-1=466.7mg/dL) were lower in pre-calving compared to post calving (M1= 1,283.3; M2=1,374.2 and M3=1,630.3 mg/dL for the heavy chain, and M1=463.4; M2=573.7 and M3=651,8 mg/dL for the light chain of IgG). For IgA there was a decrease in the values (P=0.001), from M-2 (51.9mg/dL) to M1 (34.0mg/dL), and increase in M2 (45,4g/dL) and M3 (62,6g/dL). The values of haptoglobin (Hp) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) increased (P=0,000) from M-2 (Hp=16.6mg/dL; Cp=8.6 mg/dL) to M3 (Hp=60.9mg/dL; Cp=127.1mg/dl). Albumin showed slight variations during the transition period (P=0.000), while the serum transferrin (P=0.101) and acid glycoprotein (P=0.105) were stable. Body condition score (BCS) was also analyzed during the transition period, checking the difference (P=0.003) between M-2 (ECC= 4.0) and M1 (ECC=3.0). It was also reported the occurrence of dystocia (4/13), retained placenta (1/13) and hypocalcemia (1/13) on the day of calving (M0) and uterine infections (5/13) and ketosis (1/13) occurring in the post calving. In conclusion, there was an increase in serum Hp and Cp, and a decrease in the immunoglobulins and transferrin amounts in Holstein cows during the transition period, related to diseases occurring during this period and the high BCS, promoting metabolic changes and immunosuppression.

Avaliação da transferência de citocinas para bezerros neonatos via ingestão de colostro de fêmeas bovinas Holandesas

To evaluate the transfer of cytokines into the blood of neonates via colostrum intake of Holstein cows were used 15 calves born from eutocic, shared equally by three experimental groups (n=5) G1-received 2 liters of fresh colostrum from their own mothers, G2-received 2 liters of colostrum from the pool of frozen colostrum and G3-were fed only milk. These group blood samples were collected at five times during the first fifteen days and measured the concentrations of IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a and IFN-γ. Also measured are the cytokines IL-1 β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the supernatant of colostrum fed to calves from G1 , and cytokines IL-1β , IL-6 , TNF-α and IFN-γ in the supernatant the pool of colostrum fed to calves in G2 . It is the transfer of IL - 1b , IL- 6, TNF-a and IFN-γ in the serum of calves from G1 whereas the other groups G2 and G3 were not detected.