Khairul Khaizi Mohd Shariff

Comparative study for DNA data minimization technique on FPGA

Data minimization technique and existing DNA sequence data representation is compared and presented in this paper. The architecture of these two modules is compared and analyzed to study the complexity and performance characteristics of the system when dealing with large DNA sequences data on FPGA. These two technique is designed, synthesized and simulated using Altera Quartus II version 9.1 and targeted to Altera Cyclone II FPGA EP2C35 for determine the performance and complexity characteristic when running with DNA sequences data. Simulation results presented in this paper show it effects and feasibility when dealing with DNA sequences data on FPGA platform.

Improved data minimization technique in reducing memory space complexity for DNA local alignment accelerator application

Improved data minimization technique to optimize the length of DNA sequence and alignment result characters representation is presented in this paper. The primary objective is to improve and optimize data representation for DNA sequences alignment and result character. The proposed design change in algorithm and architecture is presented in this paper. Algorithm design based on binary equivalent method is used to obtain the optimal size of characters representation. The code is written, compiled and simulated using Altera Quartus II Version 9.0 EDA tools. Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) and Altera Cyclone II EP2C35 FPGA are used as coding language and target device respectively. In addition, the structural modelling technique is used to reduce the design complexity. Simulation result showed that the improved data minimization technique takes 50% more memory compared to previous work, but it covers 6 DNA sequences and alignment result characters.

Observation of tweek characteristics in the mid-latitude D-region ionosphere

Lightning generated signals (tweeks) recorded at a mid-latitude station, Gakona (62.71°N, 143.99°W) Alaska, in the North America region during January-April 2011 are used to study the tweek characteristic in D-region ionosphere in the waveguide formed by the earths surface and the lower ionosphere. Analysis of 873 tweeks shows that equinoxes seasons has highest tweek occurrence 99.54% and lowest for winter season 0.46%. The maximum harmonic (m) of tweek recorded is mode m=4 and tweeks with m=1 are more dominant occurrence 97.59%. Tweek can be utilized to monitor the night-time D-region ionosphere using the fundamental cut-off frequency to measure the night-time variations of the lower ionospheres height of the D-region ionosphere along its propagation and the equivalent electron density at the reflection height. Equivalent electron densities for tweeks varies from 23-27 el/cm3 in the altitude ranged of 77 to 91 km during the local night.

Nighttime D-region ionosphere characteristics from tweek atmospherics observed in the North America Region

Tweek atmospherics are ELF/VLF pulse signals with frequency dispersion characteristics generate from lightning discharges and spread in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide mode. This study uses the electromagnetic wave approach describe as ELF (extremely low frequency) and VLF (very low frequency) which propagates sub-ionospherically among the earth and the lowest ionosphere. This paper presents the nighttime D-region ionosphere characteristics of tweeks at Gakona station (62.71° N, 143.99°W) in the North America Region. By using the fundamental of cut-off frequency, we estimated the nighttime variations of the tweek reflection height of the D-region ionosphere, equivalent electron density and the distance travel by tweek along its propagation. Our observation indicated that the equivalent electron densities for tweeks varies from 23-27 el/cm3 in the altitude range of 77 to 91 km and demonstrated that these signals is capable to travel up to 5600 km over a wide area in mid-latitude region. Comparison in term of the ionospheric parameters at different latitude shows that the reflection height and electron density in this study is almost consistent for all latitude tweek measurements.

Switching strategy of neutral point type converter

In this paper, the pulse with modulation as switching strategy for neutral point type buck-boost converter is introduced. The proposed control strategy is implemented and applied to electronic ballast by using neutral point type buck boost converter. The circuit is composed from two ideal switches and Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor which in its common source configurations used as switching technique. Switching model is developed in Matlab/Simulink on order to control neutral point type buck boost converter. This has resulted to reduction in harmonics current. In realizing its effectiveness and performance, the proposed switching technique has been applied to electronics ballast and lamp. Results obtained from the study indicate that the proposed switching technique is feasible for further applications.

Energy-efficient light driver controller using complex programmable logic

In pursuit of energy-efficient technology, lighting system has been one of the major concerns of global warming because of high power consumption. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate and design a new mechanism for reducing energy consumption by targeting the indoor lighting system. This study has been carried out in three stages: design, simulation, and implementation. The complex programmable logic device (CPLD) Altera Max EPM7128SLC84-15N has been used as a target device for controlling the luminance and power consumption of LED at the design stage. Several ranges of duty cycle starting from 6% to 93% have been designed, simulated, and tested on CPLD to determine the suitable luminance range at the optimal power consumption for indoor lighting. Altera Quartus II version 11.1 has been used to construct, compile, and simulate the proposed design. Meanwhile, Arduino Uno R3 has been used as an interface for the sensor at the implementation stage. The system has been successfully developed and tested using several ranges of input variables. Evidently, the optimal luminance is influenced by the range of duty cycle and the numbers of the LED bulb. Hence, the proposed system using 15 LEDs at 73% duty cycle produces 480 lx, which approaches the normal office illumination at 500 lx. Therefore, the proposed system is capable of reducing 27% power consumption to produce optimal standard indoor illumination.

An investigation on the readability of frequency modulation (FM) lab manual

This research investigates the readability factor of Frequency Modulation lab manual. A recent study has suggested that UiTM FKE students (Communication) are not capable of fully comprehending the lab manual due to readability factor. To measure the readability factor, three (3) tests where used; The Flesch Reading Ease test, The Flesch Kincaid Grade Level test and The Gunning Fog Score test. Initial readability result obtained yield Flesch Reading Ease test score of 73.6, while Flesch Kincaid Grade Level is valued 5. In addition, the Gunning Fog test yields a score of 8.3. These results indicate that the lab manual is fairly easy to read and suitable for sixth grade U.S. students. During the research, efforts were taken to improve the readability factor of the lab manual. As a result, the readability factor has depreciated slightly; Flesch Reading Ease score 65.6, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level score 6.3 and Gunning Fog score 9.6. While the readability factor has decrease, the changes made are critical to ensure the students fully understand the lab manual.