Leonard A. Hayden

An SOLR calibration for accurate measurement of orthogonal on-wafer DUTs

Orthogonal CPW thrus are notorious for generating undesired modes due to the bend discontinuity. These undesired modes are not accounted for in conventional calibration methods such as SOLT, LRM, and TRL, since they require, by definition, well-behaved thru standards. In this paper, we will demonstrate through experimental results how the Short-Open-Load-Reciprocal thru (SOLR) approach, which avoids imposing any dependency on the nature of the thru standard itself, provides a superior calibration.

Calibration methods for time domain network analysis

Accurate calibration techniques for the characterization of general one- and two-port networks using time domain reflection/transmission (TDR/T) measurements are presented. Simple one-port open-short-match corrections formulated by W.M. Scott and G.S. Smith (1986) are generalized for three arbitrary known loads and extended to the two-port case. Known, general frequency-domain techniques are shown to be directly applicable to the time-domain measurements, including the use of redundancy to reduce the number of required calibration standards. A time-domain thru-match-short method similar to the TRL method of G.F. Engen and C.A. Hoer (1979) is presented. Examples of the measured results for typical one- and two-port devices are included and compared with vector network analyzer measurement results to validate the time domain network analysis algorithms. >

Nonuniformly coupled microstrip transversal filters for analog signal processing

The Fourier transform relationship between frequency response and impedance profile for single nonuniform transmission lines is used to derive the time-domain step response of single and coupled nonuniform lines. The expression for the step response of a characteristically terminated nonuniformly coupled transmission line structure is shown to correspond to the characteristic impedance profile. By using this relationship, any arbitrary step response can be realizing by utilizing nonuniformly coupled strip or microstrip lines for possible applications as waveform-shaping networks and chirp filters. A numerical procedure to compute the step response of the nonuniform coupled line four-port is also formulated in terms of frequency-domain parameters of an equivalent cascaded uniform coupled line model with a large number of sections. Sinusoidal and chirp responses are presented as examples that are readily implemented using coupling microstrip structures. The step response of an experimental nonuniformly coupled microstrip structure is presented to validate the theoretical results. >

Lossy interconnect modeling from TDR/T measurements

An experimental technique for the equivalent circuit modeling of lossy interconnects is presented. The technique is based on the extended peeling algorithm and is used to extract the circuit model from the TDR/T measured data. The accuracy of the circuit model is affirmed by comparing the measured results with the simulated results for a thin film microstrip line.

Time domain characterization of coupled interconnects and discontinuities

A time domain experimental technique for the characterization and modeling of general coupled interconnects and discontinuities is presented. The technique is based on a two-dimensional peeling algorithm and is validated by comparing the results obtained experimentally for the self and mutual equivalent circuit parameters with the theoretical predictions for a non symmetrical inhomogeneous coupled interconnect test structure.<<ETX>>

Pulse signaling using Capacitively-Coupled CMOS

This paper presents an introduction to pulse signaling, a circuit design approach to circumvent performance limitations of electronic packaging. Potential benefits, such as reduced power consumption, are demonstrated using examples from proposed Capacitively-Coupled CMOS circuits.

Measurements and characterization of multiple-coupled interconnection lines in hybrid and monolithic integrated circuits

(5)eI(t-TN)The delays are obtained from the measurements as the time differences between the exciting step and thevarious transitions in the far end port waveforms. All N eigenvalues are obtained by using these waveformsor the reflected signal with open ended transmission lines to enhance the sensitivity. Frequency domainresonance measurements can also be used for accurate evaluation of the eigenvalues. The temporally spreadmodal output is then given by,

Analysis and modeling of uniformly- and nonuniformly-coupled lossy lines for interconnections and packaging in hybrid and monolithic circuits

Analytical and numerical techniques formulated to model uniform and nonuniform lines are used to compute signal delays distortion and crosstalk in interconnects and packaging. The techniques presented include the use of CAD compatible circuit models and computational techniques based on time and frequency domain solution of multiconductor lossy interconnects. Typical numerical results for the pulse propagation characteristics of uniformly and nonuniformly coupled interconnects are presented.© (1991) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Characterization of multiple line interconnection structures from time domain measurements

An experimental method for the time domain characterization of a class of nonuniformly coupled interconnection lines is presented. Electrical circuit models for constant velocity structures are extracted from time domain reflection (TDR) measurements.<<ETX>>

Accuracy in time domain transmission line measurements

This paper examines time domain methods for characterizing signal propagation in uniform transmission lines. The impact of the limitations associated with time domain instrumentation and methodologies are examined and guidelines for minimizing errors are presented.