Leyla Bitis

Flavonoids and antioxidant activity of Rosa agrestis leaves.

In this work we report the isolation and characterisation of seven flavonoids, the levels of total phenolics, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins, and the antioxidant activity of the leaf extract of Rosa agrestis Savi (Rosaceae). The results showed that the R. agrestis leaf extract exhibited significant antioxidative activity as measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (EC50 = 47.4 µg mL−1), inhibited both β-carotene bleaching and deoxyribose degradation, quenched a chemically generated superoxide anion in vitro and showed high ferrous ion chelating activity. Reactivity towards 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical cation and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values were equivalent to 2.30 mM L−1 Trolox, the water soluble α-tocopherol analogue, and 1.91 mM L−1 Fe2+, respectively. The high antioxidant activity of the extract appeared to be attributed to its high content of total phenolics, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins. The flavonoids isolated from R. agrestis leaves were diosmetin, kaempherol, quercetin, kaempherol 3-glucoside (astragalin), quercetin 3-rhamnoside (quercitrin), quercetin 3-xyloside and quercetin 3-galactoside (hyperoside). Diosmetin (5,7,3′-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone) was isolated for the first time from Rosa species.

Flavonoids of Crataegus Microphylla

Crataegus microphylla C. Koch is one of the 17 species of Crataegus growing in Turkey [H.P.T. Ammon and R. Kaul (1994). Dtsch. Apoth. Ztg., 134, 2433, 2521, 2631.]. This report is part of a series on the chemical investigations of Crataegus species from Turkey. Nine flavonoids have been isolated from the leaves and flowers of C. microphylla C. Koch. The amounts of the flavonoids from the leaves and flowers of the plant were determined.

Essential Oil Composition of Centaurea stenolepis Kerner. from Turkey

Abstract: Essential oil composition of Centaurea stenolepis Kerner flowers and stems were investigated with GC, GC-MS. Flowers and stems of C. stenolepis had very low essential oil yield <0.01 % (v/w). Twenty eight compounds were identified in the flower oil which represent 53.5 % of the oil. Main components of the flower oil include caryophyllene oxide 12.6 %, hexadecanoic acid 10.6 % and β-Eudesmol 7.2 %. Forty compounds were identified in the stem oils which represent 74.2 % of the oil. Main components of the stem oils include hexadecanoic acid 38.4 % and phytol 12.9 %. Both flower and stem oils were rich on oxygenated sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and fatty acids.

Alkaloids from Consolida olopetala

Abstract Three norditerpenoid alkaloids, delphatine (1), delcaroline (2), and browniine (3), and three diterpenoid alkaloids, hetisine (4), dehydronapelline (5), and 12-epidehydronapelline (6), have been isolated and identified from the aerial parts of Consolida olopetala. (Boiss.) Hayek (Ranunculaceae).

Diterpenoid alkaloids of Delphinium schmalhausenii

From the aerial parts of Delphinium schmalhausenii six norditerpenoid alkaloids gigactonine, lycoctonine, anthranoyllycoctonine, delsemine A, delsemine B, N-acetyldelectine and a diterpenoid alkaloid septatisine were isolated.

Alkaloids from the aerial parts of Consolida anthoroidea and Delphinium linearilobum

1) Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, 34116 Beyazyt-Istanbul-Turkey, e-mail: alimer@istanbul.edu.tr; fmericli@istanbul.edu.tr; 2) Marmara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, 34668 Haydarpasa-Istanbul-Turkey; 3) Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Botany, Isparta-Turkey; 4) Saarland University, Institute of Pharmaceutic l Biology, P.O.151150, 66041 Saarbrucken-Germany. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 242–243, March–April, 2009. Original article submitted September 21, 2007.

Bioactivity-guided isolation of anti-proliferative compounds from endemic Centaurea kilaea

Abstract Context: The genus Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) is one of the largest genera in Turkey. Compounds and extracts obtained from different Centaurea species have significant anti-cancer activity against various cancer cell lines. Objective: To determine the anti-proliferative activity of isolates from the chloroform extract of C. kilaea Boiss. Materials and methods: Eleven compounds were isolated using column chromatography and preparative TLC from the chloroform extract of aerial parts of endemic C. kilaea. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods, including UV, lH-NMR and 13C-NMR. Anti-proliferative activity of compounds (0.5–50 μg/mL) were measured against one normal cell line (L-929, mouse fibroblast) and three human cancer cell lines (Hela, cervix carcinoma; MCF-7, breast carcinoma; PC-3, prostate carcinoma) using MTT assay. Results were expressed as IC50 values. Results: None of the 11 compounds displayed activity against L-929 and HeLa. Two of these compounds, cnicin and cirsimaritin, showed fairly strong activity against MCF-7 and PC-3 with IC50 values of 3.25 and 4.3 μg/mL, respectively. Discussion and conclusion: This is the first report on cirsimaritin. Cirsimaritin and cnicin could serve as potential anti-cancer drug candidates against breast and prostate cancer, respectively.

The effect of topical ethanol extract of Cotinus coggygria Scop. on cutaneous wound healing in rats

The aim of this study is to determine the cutaneous wound healing effects of the ethanol extract of Cotinus coggygria leaves in rats by excision wound model to provide scientific evidence for the traditional use of C. coggygria Scop. The levels of malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione and hydroxyproline were investigated in wound tissues. Histopathological examination was also performed. The hydroxyproline content of the granulation tissue and the glutathione levels were both significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05 for both); while the malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower in the treatment group (p < 0.05). These results were supported with histological results. The ethanol extract of C. coggygria Scop could be considered as an effective agent in wound healing in accordance with its traditional use.

Endemik Centaurea kilaea Boiss. türünün insan tümör hücre dizilerine karşı in vitro antiproliferatif aktivitesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Centaurea kilaea Boiss. (Asteraceae) bitkisinin ileride üzerinde antiproliferatif aktivite yönlendirmeli madde izolasyonu çalışması yapılacak olan aktif ekstresinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle C. kilaea türünün toprak üstü kısımlarından elde edilen heptan (CKH), kloroform (CKC) ve alt fraksiyonları (CKCSI, CKCSII, CKCSIII) ile metanol ekstresinin (CKM) farklı kanserli hücre hatları üzerinde aktiviteleri araştırılarak en iyi antiproliferatif aktivite gösteren ekstresinin ortaya çıkarılması planlanmaktadır. Yöntem: Antiproliferatif aktivite üç insan kanser hücre hattı üzerinde (Hela: Serviks kanseri hücre dizisi, MCF-7: Meme kanseri hücre dizisi, PC-3: Prostat kanseri hücre dizisi) MTT deneyi aracılığıyla ölçüldü. Bulgular: CKC, 53.07; 68.64 μg/ml İK50 değerleriyle sırasıyla Hela ve MCF-7 hücre dizilerine karşı en yüksek antiproliferatif aktiviteyi sergilemiştir. CKC ve CKM ise PC-3 hücre hattı üzerinde en yüksek antitümoral aktivite göstermişlerdir (sırasıyla İK50: 73.92; 70.11 μg/ml). Aynı zamanda aktif kloroform ekstresinin alt fraksiyonunun (CKCSII), 60.75 ve 60.70 μg/ ml İK50 değeriyle sırasıyla Hela ve MCF-7 hücre dizilerine karşı orta derecede antiproliferatif aktiviteye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışma CKC ve CKCSII ekstrelerinin, yeni antitümoral aktiviteye sahip bileşiklerin biyoaktivite yönlendirmeli fraksiyonlama aracılığıyla izolasyonu için iyi birer aday olduklarını gösterir. Aynı zamanda bulgularımız, başka Centaurea türleri üzerinde yapılmış olan çalışmalarla benzerlik göstererek Centaurea türlerinin antikanser aktiviteye sahip oldukları gerçeğini doğrulamaktadır. Ayrıca aktif çıkan ekstre farklı hücre hatları üzerinde de denenebilir. Anahtar sözcükler: Centaurea kilaea, antiproliferatif aktivite, MTT ABS TRACT In vitro antiproliferative activity of Endemic Centaurea kilaea Boiss. against Human Tumor Cell Lines

Flavonoids and Biological Activities of Centaurea stenolepis

Centaurea stenolepis Kerner (Asteraceae) is one of the 205 taxa of the genus Centaurea growing wild in Turkey [1]. To the best our knowledge, there is only one previous report on the essential oil of C. stenolepis [2]. The aim of present study was to isolate and characterize the flavonoids in the bioactive extract of C. stenolepis. Plant sample was collected in the flowering period from Catalca, Istanbul in 2009 and identified by Dr. Gizem Bulut (No. 11651). The dried and powdered stems and leaves of C. stenolepis (1 kg) were extracted with petroleum ether and ethanol with a Soxhlet extractor, respectively. The concentrated ethanol extract was diluted with water and extracted with toluene, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, respectively, for fractionation. The extracts were filtered and concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator to obtain toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous ethanol extracts. From various fractions of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts of C. stenolepis, by silica gel column chromatography, polyamide column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, silica gel preparative circular chromatography (Chromatotron), silica gel preparative TLC, and paper chromatography (determination of sugars), we have isolated four flavonols, a flavonol aglycone in the petroleum ether extract, jaceidin (24 mg, 1), and three flavonol glucosides in the ethyl acetate extract, jacein (62 mg, 2), patuletin 3-O-glucoside (6.2 mg, 3), and quercetin 3-O-glucoside (9.4 mg, 4) 3, 4 . UV, NMR spectra (1H, 13C, HSQC, HMBC), and TLC-PC comparisons with authentic samples were used for the structure elucidation of the purified compounds. Jaceidin (1). C18H16O8 3, 5 . 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3, , ppm, J/Hz): 3.88 (3H, s, 3-OCH3), 4.01 (3H, s, 6-OCH3), 4.07 (3H, s, 3 -OCH3), 7.70 (2H, H-2 , 6 ), 7.07 (1H, d, J = 8.2, H-5 ), 6.58 (1H, s, H-8). Jacein (2). C24H26O14 3, 6]. UV (MeOH, max, nm): 257, 272sh, 352; +NaOMe: 268, 408; +AlCl3: 270, 280sh, 295sh, 380; +AlCl3/HCl: 268, 280sh, 296sh, 369, 400sh; +NaOAc: 260, 359, 415; +NaOAc/H3BO3: 258, 270sh, 355. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6, , ppm, J/Hz): 3.88 (3H, s, 3 -OCH3), 3.84 (3H, s, 6-OCH3), 3.79 (3H, s, 3-OCH3), 7.67 (1H, d, J = 1.8, H-2 ), 7.62 (1H, dd, J = 1.8; 8.5, H-6 ), 6.99 (1H, d, J = 8.5, H-5 ), 7.03 (1H, s, H-8), 5.13 (1H, d, J = 7.4, Glc H-1 ), 3.82–3.18 (sugar protons). Patuletin 3-O-Glucoside (3). C22H22O14. 3, 7 . 13C NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-d6, , ppm): 177.4 (C-4), 155.87 (C-9), 153.5 (C-2), 152.15 (C-5), 151.71 (C-7), 148.51 (C-4 ), 144.84 (C-3 ), 132.89 (C-3), 131.60 (C-6), 121.50 (C-1 ), 121.20 (C-6 ), 116.12 (C-2 ), 115.23 (C-5 ), 104.33 (C-10), 101.01 (C-1 ), 94.01 (C-8), 77.49 (C-5 ), 76.51 (C-3 ), 74.09 (C-2 ), 69.91 (C-4 ), 60.95 (C-6 ), 59.77 (6-OCH3). The free radical scavenging capacity of various extracts of Centaurea stenolepis Kerner (toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, aqueous ethanol) and standard were evaluated according to the previously reported procedure using the stable DPPH [8]. Also, the total phenolic contents of these extracts were measured using Folin–Ciocalteau reagent [9]. The ethyl acetate extract was the most potent in antioxidant activity (IC50 value of the ethyl acetate extract 1.29 mg/mL) and total phenolic content (107.30 mg GAE/g dry material). Agar well diffusion and microdilution broth methods were used in the antimicrobial