Liliana Ávila Maltagliati

Um novo método para avaliar as inclinações dentárias utilizando a tomografia computadorizada

AbstractComputerized tomography has been widely used in Dentistry, mainly in Implantology, with the purpose of measu-ring height and thickness of the bone. The possibility of carrying through individual tomographic cuts raised the hypothesis of its applicability on determining dental inclinations and angulations in Orthodontics, with the highest precision and therefore higher trustworthiness. The purpose of this study is to introduce a new method to evaluate teeth tipping, using computerized tomography. For this purpose, tomography cuts of all upper and lower anterior teeth were obtained, of two male patients. The results showed that computerized tomography could be an useful and trustful way to evaluate teeth inclinations and angulations, contributing for the research of orthodontic treat-ment outcome, since it allows individual analysis of dental position.Key words: Computerized tomography. Teeth tipping. Orthodontics. 1. ALMEIDA, R. R. Estudo ortopantomografico das inclinacoes axiais dos dentes anteriores, comparando pacientes trata-dos ortodonticamente e jovens com oclusao normal. 1999. Dissertacao (Mestrado) - Faculdade de Odontologia da USP, Bauru, 1999.2. ANDREWS, L. F. The six keys to normal occlusion. Am J Orthod ,St. Louis, v. 62, no. 3, p. 296-309, Sept. 1972.3. ANDREWS, L. F. Braquetes individuais. Posicionamento do braquete. Posicionamento da canaleta. In:______. Straightwire: o conceito e o aparelho. San Diego: L. A. Wells, 1989. p. 158-170.4. BASTIA, F. M. M. Estudo das angulacoes e inclinacoes denta-rias obtidas no tratamento ortodontico com a utilizacao da prescricao MBT

Análise dos fatores que motivam os pacientes adultos a buscarem o tratamento ortodôntico

AIM: The purpose of this article was to determine the main reasons that motivate adult patients to seek for orthodontic treatment. METHODS: The sample comprised 70 adult individuals (44 females and 26 males) that were asked to answer a questionnaire with a list of possible complaints. Descriptive statistics were obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed that esthetics related to malpositioning of the upper incisors is the reason mostly associated to the search for orthodontic treatment. Only a few patients (7% of the sample) indicated skeletal discrepancies as reason for treatment. Symptoms of TMJ appeared as the second reason.

Novo método estatístico para análise da reprodutibilidade

Este artigo propoe dois metodos estatisticos alternativos para avaliar a reprodutibilidade e o erro do metodo em trabalhos cientificos que envolvam medidas quantitativas. Para a demonstracao destes metodos foram utilizados dados reais de duas dissertacoes de mestrado apresentadas a Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Metodista de Sao Paulo. Os metodos utilizados foram propostos por Lin, Bland e Altman. Uma das vantagens destas analises em relacao as tradicionalmente utilizadas, como o erro de Dahlberg, teste t pareado e coeficiente de correlacao de Pearson, e que se pode utilizar um minimo de 10 medidas em pares, livres de distribuicao (nao-normal), exigencia que existe quando se utilizam testes parametricos como teste t pareado e o coeficiente de correlacao de Pearson.

Efeitos do laser de baixa intensidade na sensibilidade dolorosa durante a movimentação ortodôntica

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the efficiency of infrared diode laser on pain reduction during canine initial retraction. Meth-ods: Twelve patients in need of canine retraction were selected. The canines were retracted with closed NiTi coil springs activated to 150g per side. One canine of each patient was randomly selected for laser irradiation immedi-ately after activation and after 3 and 7 days. The contralateral canines were taken as control group and were submitted only to simulation of laser application. Diode laser (ArGaAl) was employed at wavelength of 780nm, power of 20mW and energy density in the target tissue of 5J/cm 2 , for 10 seconds per point, delivering an energy of 0.2J per point and total energy (TE) of 2J. The analgesic effect was evaluated with aid of a visual analogue scale (VAS), on which the patients indicated 0 to 10 according to the pain experienced at 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after coil spring activation and laser application. The procedure was repeated after one month, upon reactivation of canine retraction.

Transversal changes in dental arches from non-extraction treatment with self ligating brackets

OBJECTIVE The present study aimed at analyzing, with the use of dental casts, the transverse changes of the upper and lower dental arches, after non-extraction orthodontic treatment, with self-ligating brackets. METHODS The sample comprised 29 patients, all presenting Class I malocclusion with upper and lower crowding of at least 4 mm and treated only with a fixed appliance, without stripping, extraction or distalization. The dental casts were obtained before and after leveling with 0.019 x 0.025-in stainless steel archwires. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the majority of transverse changes occurred at the premolar areas, both the first and the second, as well as on the upper and lower dental arches. The intercanine distance increased 0.75 mm, on average, in the upper arch and 1.96 mm in the lower arch. The molars also demonstrated a tendency towards an increase in their transverse dimension, however, at a lower intensity comparing to premolars. All measurements presented statistically significant differences with the exception of the maxillary second molars.

Método para mensuração das angulações e inclinações das coroas dentárias utilizando modelos de gesso

This present study aims to present the development of a device specially designed to measure the angulation and tipping of dental crowns. Such device was used in a sample containing 60 subjects, with average age between 12 and 21 yeas of age from both genders. Subjects presented with normal occlusion and had not undergone orthodontic treatment previously. Thus, from this sample, the mean values for the angulation and tipping of dental crowns were established for brazilian subjects.

Avaliação da prevalência das seis chaves de oclusão de Andrews, em jovens brasileiros com oclusão normal natural

AIM: due to the large use of Andrewss six keys to normal occlusion concept as a tool for diagnosis and treatment planning, we carried out this study with the purpose to evaluate the prevalence of such characteristics in a brazilian sample. METHODS: 61 cast models of untreated subjects with normal occlusion were evaluated. The frequency that the six keys were found in each subject, as well as which were the most or least frequent keys, was observed. The results showed that most of the subjects presented one to three keys and none presented all the six keys. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: the characteristics more frequently observed were: flat curve of Spee (100%), tight interproximal contacts (42,6%) and correct tippings (34.4%). The low prevalence of untreated normal occlusion that achieves Andrewss requirements lead us to reflect on the search for such rigid patterns.OBJETIVOS: diante da larga utilizacao e difusao dos conceitos das seis chaves de oclusao de Andrews como instrumento de diagnostico e planificacao de tratamento, realizamos este trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar a prevalencia destas caracteristicas numa amostra de oclusao normal brasileira. METODOLOGIA: 61 modelos de estudo de individuos brasileiros, leucodermas e com oclusao normal natural foram estudados. Foi observada a frequencia com que as seis chaves foram encontradas em cada individuo, bem como quais as chaves de maior e menor frequencia. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSOES: os resultados demonstraram que a grande maioria dos individuos apresentou de uma a tres chaves de oclusao e nenhum dos modelos apresentou as seis chaves de oclusao. As caracteristicas observadas com maior frequencia foram a presenca da curva de Spee suave (100%), contatos interproximais justos (42,6%) e inclinacoes corretas (34,4%). A baixa prevalencia de oclusoes normais naturais na populacao, que preencham os requisitos propostos por Andrews, leva-nos a refletir sobre a busca desenfreada por padroes tao rigidos.

Influence of orthopedic treatment on hard and soft facial structures of individuals presenting with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion: a comparative study

The purpose of this investigation was to comparatively evaluate the cephalometric changes in soft and hard tissues related to treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion with activator-headgear and Bionator appliances. Twenty-four individuals formed the activator-headgear group and twenty-five comprised the Bionator group, while other twenty-four presenting the same malocclusion did not receive any intervention and served as controls. Lateral headfilms were taken at the beginning and at the end of the observation period and were digitized with computerized cephalometrics; cephalometric analysis was performed and the results were submitted to statistical test. According to the methodology employed, our findings suggested that both appliances do not significantly alter the growth path, and also they were not able to modify the posterior inferior height and the sagittal and vertical position of the upper lip. The lower lip and the soft menton were only slightly modified by the orthopedic appliances, but the mentolabial sulcus showed a significant decrease in deepness compared to the control group. Of statistical significance, only the anterior inferior hard and soft facial heights and the lower lip height increased more in the treated groups.

Avaliação da inclinação do incisivo inferior através da tomografia computadorizada

INTRODUCTION: Orthodontics has always used lateral cephalometric radiographs (LC) as the main examination in the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment plan. The determination of incisor position is part of most cephalometric analysis, including Tweed analysis. However, all radiographic images have limitations, since it is a bidimensional image of a tridimensional structure and overlapping of bone and dental structures often occurs. Computed tomography (CT) allows a trustworthy diagnostic, mainly for its tridimensional images possibility. In this situation it seems reasonable to question the classic cephalometric analysis, creating factors of comparison with computed tomography data. AIM: For this, it was considered the evaluation of the angle between the long axis of the inferior incisor and the mandibular plane (IMPA) in the lateral cephalograph and in the computed tomography. METHODS: Nineteen patients, selected for orthodontic treatment, had constituted the sample of this study, 12 female and 7 male, with ages between 16 years and 4 months and 28 years and 2 months. After the collection of data made by two examiners, statistical analyses for the attainment of the errors intra and inter-examiners had been made, using level of significance of 5%. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: It was concluded that IMPA can be measured in the lateral cephalometric radiographs with trustworthiness, even that its values were smaller when compared with the computed tomography.

Alterations in plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation promoted by treatment with self-ligating and conventional orthodontic brackets

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate, comparatively, the periodontal response during orthodontic treatment performed with self-ligating and conventional brackets. METHODS: Sixteen Caucasian individuals of both sexes, aged between 12 and 16 years old and in permanent dentition were selected. Eight individuals were treated with conventional brackets installed on the lower dental arch and self-ligating brackets on the upper arch. Another eight individuals received self-ligating brackets in the lower arch and conventional brackets in the upper arch. The subjects received material and instructions for oral hygiene. Visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated just after installation of orthodontic appliances, and 30, 60 and 180 days later. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare differences between groups (self-ligating and conventional), two-way ANOVA followed by Tukeys test was used to assess CAL at each site of each tooth. Significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: No significant changes were found with regard to the assessed parameters (VPI, GBI and CAL) in either one of the systems. CONCLUSION: No significant changes were found with regard to the periodontal response to orthodontic treatment for the variables assessed and between subjects receiving passive self-ligating and conventional brackets. All individuals had received oral hygiene instructions and had their periodontal conditions monitored.