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Estado nutricional e adequação da ingestão de energia e nutrientes em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca

SUMMARY: Increased knowledge about nutritional status and energy and nutrient intakes is required to improve the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVES: To verify the nutritional status and evaluate the adequacy of energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes in patients with HF in outpatient clinical settings. METHODS: We collected anthropometric and habitual dietary intake data of 125 patients (72% men, 52.1 ± 9.8 years, BMI 26.9 ± 4.4 kg/m2). Anthropometric variables were compared between genders, and the adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes was analyzed according to current recommendations. RESULTS: Muscle depletion or risk of depletion was present in 38.4% of patients (association with male gender, p <0.0001). In 69.6% of cases the mean energy intake was lower than the one required (p <0.0001). Among the micronutrients evaluated in this study, there was an important prevalence of inadequacy in magnesium, zinc, iron and thiamine intakes, and most patients had calcium and potassium intakes below the adequate levels, and sodium intake above the adequate levels. CONCLUSIONS: Outpatients with HF showed muscle depletion, and inadequate energy and nutrient intakes. There was no significant association between habitual dietary energy intake and nutritional status. Multidisciplinary care should be encouraged to better assess the general condition of these patients.SUMMARY Increased knowledge about nutritional status and energy and nutrient intakes is required to improve the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVES To verify the nutritional status and evaluate the adequacy of energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes in patients with HF in outpatient clinical settings. METHODS We collected anthropometric and habitual dietary intake data of 125 patients (72% men, 52.1 +/- 9.8 years, BMI 26.9 +/- 4.4 kg/m2). Anthropometric variables were compared between genders, and the adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes was analyzed according to current recommendations. RESULTS Muscle depletion or risk of depletion was present in 38.4% of patients (association with male gender, p <0.0001). In 69.6% of cases the mean energy intake was lower than the one required (p <0.0001). Among the micronutrients evaluated in this study, there was an important prevalence of inadequacy in magnesium, zinc, iron and thiamine intakes, and most patients had calcium and potassium intakes below the adequate levels, and sodium intake above the adequate levels. CONCLUSIONS Outpatients with HF showed muscle depletion, and inadequate energy and nutrient intakes. There was no significant association between habitual dietary energy intake and nutritional status. Multidisciplinary care should be encouraged to better assess the general condition of these patients.

Nutritional status and adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes among heart failure patients

SUMMARY: Increased knowledge about nutritional status and energy and nutrient intakes is required to improve the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVES: To verify the nutritional status and evaluate the adequacy of energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes in patients with HF in outpatient clinical settings. METHODS: We collected anthropometric and habitual dietary intake data of 125 patients (72% men, 52.1 ± 9.8 years, BMI 26.9 ± 4.4 kg/m2). Anthropometric variables were compared between genders, and the adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes was analyzed according to current recommendations. RESULTS: Muscle depletion or risk of depletion was present in 38.4% of patients (association with male gender, p <0.0001). In 69.6% of cases the mean energy intake was lower than the one required (p <0.0001). Among the micronutrients evaluated in this study, there was an important prevalence of inadequacy in magnesium, zinc, iron and thiamine intakes, and most patients had calcium and potassium intakes below the adequate levels, and sodium intake above the adequate levels. CONCLUSIONS: Outpatients with HF showed muscle depletion, and inadequate energy and nutrient intakes. There was no significant association between habitual dietary energy intake and nutritional status. Multidisciplinary care should be encouraged to better assess the general condition of these patients.SUMMARY Increased knowledge about nutritional status and energy and nutrient intakes is required to improve the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVES To verify the nutritional status and evaluate the adequacy of energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes in patients with HF in outpatient clinical settings. METHODS We collected anthropometric and habitual dietary intake data of 125 patients (72% men, 52.1 +/- 9.8 years, BMI 26.9 +/- 4.4 kg/m2). Anthropometric variables were compared between genders, and the adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes was analyzed according to current recommendations. RESULTS Muscle depletion or risk of depletion was present in 38.4% of patients (association with male gender, p <0.0001). In 69.6% of cases the mean energy intake was lower than the one required (p <0.0001). Among the micronutrients evaluated in this study, there was an important prevalence of inadequacy in magnesium, zinc, iron and thiamine intakes, and most patients had calcium and potassium intakes below the adequate levels, and sodium intake above the adequate levels. CONCLUSIONS Outpatients with HF showed muscle depletion, and inadequate energy and nutrient intakes. There was no significant association between habitual dietary energy intake and nutritional status. Multidisciplinary care should be encouraged to better assess the general condition of these patients.

Effects of nutrition education on recurrent coronary events after percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized clinical trial

BackgroundChanges in lifestyle include a healthy diet. However, due to different educational approaches, the effects of nutritional counselling are still not very encouraging and require further study. The objective of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of a nutrition education intervention program on mortality and recurrence of cardiovascular events evaluated after one and four years of follow-up.MethodsA randomized clinical trial was performed at a public hospital in Brazil with 200 patients who had recently undergone elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In addition to the traditional care, the patients allocated to the intervention group attended nutrition education workshops that adopted a constructivist approach towards behavioural change for six months. Primary outcome was death, and secondary outcomes were acute myocardial infarction (AMI), revascularization with re-PCI, or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The magnitude of the first year effect was calculated by the absolute risk reduction, and the risk ratio was calculated as a measure of the cumulative incidence of events after four years. The critical p-value was assumed as 5%.ResultsAfter one year of follow-up, in the intervention and control groups, respectively, there were 5 and 7 deaths (p = 0.53); 5 and 6 AMIs (p = 0.73); 4 and 6 re-PCIs (p = 0.50); and 4 and 4 CABGs (p = 0.98). After four years, the risk ratios between intervention and control groups were 0.75 (95% CI 0.35–1.58) for death, 0.89 (95% CI 0.34–2.28) for AMI, 0.86 (95% CI 0.40–1.84) for re-PCI, and 1.14 (95% CI 0.38–3.40) for CABG.ConclusionAlthough differences in events between the two groups were not significant, data suggest that the lower number of events observed in the intervention group is most notable with the longer follow-up.Trial registration numberNCT01028066. Registered 8 December 2009, retrospectively registered.

Estado nutricional y adecuación de la ingesta de energía y nutrientes en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca

SUMMARY: Increased knowledge about nutritional status and energy and nutrient intakes is required to improve the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVES: To verify the nutritional status and evaluate the adequacy of energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes in patients with HF in outpatient clinical settings. METHODS: We collected anthropometric and habitual dietary intake data of 125 patients (72% men, 52.1 ± 9.8 years, BMI 26.9 ± 4.4 kg/m2). Anthropometric variables were compared between genders, and the adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes was analyzed according to current recommendations. RESULTS: Muscle depletion or risk of depletion was present in 38.4% of patients (association with male gender, p <0.0001). In 69.6% of cases the mean energy intake was lower than the one required (p <0.0001). Among the micronutrients evaluated in this study, there was an important prevalence of inadequacy in magnesium, zinc, iron and thiamine intakes, and most patients had calcium and potassium intakes below the adequate levels, and sodium intake above the adequate levels. CONCLUSIONS: Outpatients with HF showed muscle depletion, and inadequate energy and nutrient intakes. There was no significant association between habitual dietary energy intake and nutritional status. Multidisciplinary care should be encouraged to better assess the general condition of these patients.SUMMARY Increased knowledge about nutritional status and energy and nutrient intakes is required to improve the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVES To verify the nutritional status and evaluate the adequacy of energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes in patients with HF in outpatient clinical settings. METHODS We collected anthropometric and habitual dietary intake data of 125 patients (72% men, 52.1 +/- 9.8 years, BMI 26.9 +/- 4.4 kg/m2). Anthropometric variables were compared between genders, and the adequacy of energy and nutrient intakes was analyzed according to current recommendations. RESULTS Muscle depletion or risk of depletion was present in 38.4% of patients (association with male gender, p <0.0001). In 69.6% of cases the mean energy intake was lower than the one required (p <0.0001). Among the micronutrients evaluated in this study, there was an important prevalence of inadequacy in magnesium, zinc, iron and thiamine intakes, and most patients had calcium and potassium intakes below the adequate levels, and sodium intake above the adequate levels. CONCLUSIONS Outpatients with HF showed muscle depletion, and inadequate energy and nutrient intakes. There was no significant association between habitual dietary energy intake and nutritional status. Multidisciplinary care should be encouraged to better assess the general condition of these patients.