Lúcia de Fátima Henriques Lourenço

Optimization and characterization of gelatin from kumakuma (Brachyplatystoma filamentosum) skin

ABSTRACT Fish industry residues are used due to their easy transformation into several products and because they have nutrients with high biological value, being rich in proteins and fatty acids. The gelatin extraction process from the skin of kumakuma (Brachyplatystoma filamentosum) using sodium hydroxide was optimized and the product was characterized. The optimized conditions established in the process were 6 h extraction at 58°C, with yield and gel strength at 19.7% and 244.3 g, respectively, which is considered acceptable for foods. The maximum desirability condition was 0.998. When the technological properties of the gelatin extracted from fish skin was compared with commercial gelatin, a difference (p < 0.05) was observed for all parameters analyzed, but within the appropriate range for gelatin. The gelatin obtained from kumakuma skin may be a new alternative to replace gelatin from mammals, besides contributing to less fish residue released into the environment.

Optimization of extrusion process to obtain shrimp snacks with rice grits and polished rice grains

This research studied the effect of thermoplastic extrusion on the expansion index (EI), water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), and sensory acceptance (SA) of a snack from rice grits, polished rice grains, and shrimp. A 23 factorial design was used with independent variables, temperature in the third extruder zone (63.2–96.8°C), initial moisture (106.4–173.6 g/kg), and shrimp content (16–184 g/kg), whereas EI, WAI, WSI, and SA were the responses. Through the surface-response methodology, the formulation with 80 g/kg shrimp and 130 g/kg initial moisture processed at 85°C in the third extruder zone was considered optimal. The product had good EI, WAI, and SA, 65.6 g/kg moisture, 24.0 g/kg lipids, 89.5 g/kg proteins, 34.2 kg/kg ashes, 72.4 g/kg fibers, and 714.3 g/kg carbohydrates. The product is an alternative for using rice grit, which has low commercial value, while also fully using the regional shrimp.

Fat substitutes in processing of sausages using piramutaba waste

The aim of this study was to evaluate fat substitute in processing of sausages prepared with surimi of waste from piramutaba filleting. The formulation ingredients were mixed with the fat substitutes added according to a fractional planning 24-1, where the independent variables, manioc starch (Ms), hydrogenated soy fat (F), texturized soybean protein (Tsp) and carrageenan (Cg) were evaluated on the responses of pH, texture (Tx), raw batter stability (RBS) and water holding capacity (WHC) of the sausage. Fat substitutes were evaluated in 11 formulations and the results showed that the greatest effects on the responses were found to Ms, F and Cg, being eliminated from the formulation Tsp. To find the best formulation for processing piramutaba sausage was made a complete factorial planning of 23 to evaluate the concentrations of fat substitutes in an enlarged range. The optimum condition found for fat substitutes in the sausages formulation were carrageenan (0.51%), manioc starch (1.45%) and fat (1.2%).

Carcass quality of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) finished in silvopastoral system in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Avaliou-se a influencia da dieta sobre a qualidade de carcaca de bufalos mesticos das racas Murrah e Mediterrâneo, alimentados com concentrado tradicional - milho/soja - ou residuos agroindustriais - tortas de coco e dende. Os animais foram sacrificados em abatedouro comercial, e realizadas analises fisicas e fisico-quimicas na carcaca, apos 24 horas, e de cor e textura instrumentais no musculo Longissimus dorsi, apos 48 horas de resfriamento. Os animais suplementados com a torta de dende adquiriram melhor conformacao de carcaca e acabamento de gordura, e observaram-se diferencas (P<0,05) no percentual de gordura na carcaca e na espessura de gordura de cobertura.

Development and optimization of biodegradable fish gelatin composite film added with buriti oil

ABSTRACT The goal of the present study was to determine, through full 23 factorial design, the optimum process conditions to develop a biodegradable film, made from gelatin with buriti oil (BO) as additive, characterizing their physical, mechanical, and antioxidant aspects. The conditions for the optimization were 2.3% of fish gelatin, 30% of BO, and 13.18% of plasticizer. The films produced under this condition presented high antioxidant activity (24.77 µmol de TE/g), mechanical resistance (8.04 MPa), and satisfactory water vapor permeability (WVP; 0.38 × 10−10 g.m. m−2. s−1. Pa−1). The film presented low solubility in water, low humidity, and low water activity, contributing to its integrity, without identifiable flaws. The increase in the concentration of BO provided higher antioxidant properties to the films and the reduction in gelatin and glycerol concentrations provided lower WVP, increasing the traction resistance.

Emulsified films produced with proteins extracted from whitemouth croaker byproducts: Development and characterization

This study aimed to develop and characterize biodegradable films from myofibrillar proteins from whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) using stearic acid (SA) to improve its technological properties. The proteins extracted were lyophilized, characterized, and used to prepare the films. The filmogenic solutions were dried on a silicone stand at 35 °C for 14 h in an incubator oven according to the casting method. The region with the best mechanical, physical, and barrier properties in the films was defined by a full factorial design. The lyophilized myofibrillar proteins (LMP) had protein content of 96.03%. The analysis of the experimental design results indicated the best conditions to prepare the optimized film were 2.84% LMP, 3.18% SA, and 78.41% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate). The control films were prepared with 2.84% LMP and 30% plasticizer. The optimized film had significantly lower water vapor permeability (5.87E-11 g m m-2 s-1 Pa-1), higher tensile strength (6.35 MPa), and lower elongation (235.60%) compared with control (p≤0.05). It also had lower transparency values and excellent UV barrier property, which indicates a tendency to opaque. Thermal stability was good and the microstructure revealed a structural change in the filmogenic matrix, confirmed by x-ray diffraction, which indicates influence of SDS and SA on film crystallinity. Solubility increased by 22% and swelling decreased slightly in the optimized film compared to the control. The results obtained represent a positive contribution with the use of fish byproducts by applying alternative, sustainable technologies.

Evaluation of the Shelf Life of Tambaqui Fillet Processed by the Sous Vide Method

ABSTRACT This study aimed to elaborate a convenience food – sous vide – and establish its shelf life by monitoring physicochemical, microbiological, and sensorial characteristics. Sous vide fillets were prepared from tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) with two types of sauces: soy sauce (SS) and basil sauce (BS), at a pasteurization temperature of 65°C for 12.5 min, a binomial established according to a 22 central composite rotational design. The packed samples were kept under refrigeration in the range of 1 ± 1°C, and then they underwent analyses at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 days of storage. The results of the microbiological analyses indicated that microorganisms remained below acceptable limits either in the raw material or in the sous vide over the storage period. The characteristics that sous vide SS and BS showed on the 42nd and 49th days of shelf life, respectively, indicate that these products, when appropriate processing and storage are used, can preserve their fresh quality.

Change in physical and chemical characteristics related to the binomial time-temperature used in sous pasteurization see Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum).

The goal of this study was to evaluate sous vide fish and assess the influence of time and temperature on the pasteurization process through quality parameters. The raw material (tambaqui fillets) and the sous vide underwent physical, physicochemical, and microbiological analyses. A sauce was prepared containing soy sauce, water, horseradish and garlic flakes. The products pasteurization parameters of time and temperature were defined according to a 22 central composite rotatable design (CCRD), and the dependent variables were water holding capacity (WHC) and instrumental texture aiming at obtaining high WHC values for the product to maintain the desired juiciness. The microbiological analysis required by legislation have indicated that the fish fillets and sous vide were within de standard. The values of total coliforms found in the samples (fillets and sous vide) analyzed were below the critical level of 10² CFU/g. The counts of sulphite-reducing clostridia and psychrotrophic and mesophilic bacteria on plates in the samples were <1x10 CFU/g. In conclusion, temperature was the most important factor in the pasteurization process, significantly contributing to the quality of the final product. The mathematical models proposed were considered predictive for each response.

Avaliação da Qualidade de Filés de Pescada Gó

Consuelo Lucia Sousa de Lima, Elisa Cristina Andrade Neves, Lucia de Fatima Henriques Lourenco, Luciany do Socorro de Oliveira Sampaio, Juliana Laura Medeiros Vaughan, Rafaela Santos Oliveira da Silva.Avaliacao da Qualidade de Files de Pescada Go. In: Anais do 12o Congresso Latinoamericano de Microbiologia e Higiene de Alimentos MICROAL 2014 [= Blucher Food Science Proceedings, num.1, vol.1]. Sao Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2014. DOI 10.5151/foodsci-microal-107 Avaliacao da Qualidade de Files de Pescada Go

Serviços de alimentação comercial: fator de risco para a saúde pública?

This investigation aimed at evaluating the hygienic and sanitary conditions in self-service type restaurants located in Belem, PA. The procedures related to the Good Manufacturing Practices were evaluated in 10 self-service restaurants, during the first semester of 2012. For conducting the study, the checklist proposed in the Resolution RDC no. 216/2004 of the National Sanitary Surveillance Agency - Ministry of Health. This RDC classifies the food services according to the percentage of attendance of the items in: group 1 - GOOD (76 to 100 % of items attendance), group 2 - REGULAR (51 to 75 % of items attendance) and group 3 - BAD (0 to 50 % of items attendance). Of the evaluated restaurants, 20 % were classified into group 3 (BAD), 30 % into group 2 (REGULAR) and 50 % into group 1 (GOOD). In general, the restaurants were already in the process of the Good Practices implementation, but being in a stage for correcting some issues. Among the main problems detected in the evaluated restaurants, the following questions were evidenced: the cross-flow due to the place physical structure, the inadequate cleaning of utensils and equipment, and the lack of monitoring by the manager in charge of the place activities.