Lucia Della Spina

The public-private partnerships in buildings regeneration: a model appraisal of the benefits and for land value capture

This paper discuss the thematic of public-private economic negotiation in the realization of urban regeneration programs. The Complex Urban Programs (PUC) represent a generation of planning instruments generally in variation to ordinary instruments of general planning (PRG). These instruments found its legitimacy on new forms of concerted planning, in which the objectives are the effectiveness and efficiency of the public administration and the most important point of view are the quality and transparency of the negotiation between public and private. In these circumstances for the purposes of the feasibility, the arguments of urban planning must necessarily be supported by economic-financial considerations resulting from appraisals of the benefits financial and the new real estate values generated by the decision to promote the program in PRG variant. Particular attention must be paid on the modality for consultation between the public government, the owners and the developers when they comparing on mutual convenience as part of the PUC: the negotiation activities is the time during which the public body can capture a portion of land value generated by the choices of modify the PRG. The aim of this paper is the presentation of the economic negotiation between public and private that the Municipality of Reggio Calabria (Italy), with the technical and scientific support of the university laboratory of economic and appraisal evaluation (LaborEst) has promoted in recent years through two PUC. The two Complex Urban Programs are both located in the south of cities of Reggio Calabria (Italy). The paper describes in particular the model for appraisal of extrastandard charged by private entities participating in the two programs. The model developed by both authors is the result of their common research.

The Cultural and Environmental Resources for Sustainable Development of Rural Areas in Economically Disadvantaged Contexts - Economic-Appraisals Issues of a Model of Management for the Valorisation of Public Assets

Available resources to public policies are always limited: those intended for culture, too often considered non-essential to the development of the community, they are often essential in particular way. Ignoring the economic value of cultural resources, their conservation, costs and total benefits of cultural policies and investment projects with a strong cultural component, can lead to non-optimal allocation of resources, to degradation of cultural capital and to failure to exploit opportunities for development.Another important aspect is the use of resources for the physical recovery and reuse of assets, without adequate attention to the phase of management: too often you find yourself with assets recovered but unused due to the lack of resources for management. A method tested recently is the involvement of private companies in these activities: in economically stronger and more advanced realities, the size of the most significant tourist flows allows to reach levels of return on investment and so makes this a feasible solution.Cultural resources in the rural settings of the most economically disadvantaged areas are characterized by a not elevated number of visitors not spread in the same way throughout the whole year: in these conditions, because of their different costs structures, a company may not have sufficient profit margins, but a private non-profit organizations can achieve a balanced budget that allows the usability of assets of fundamental importance into development strategies based on cultural tourism.This paper focuses on the main economic appraisal aspects and illustrates a management model, economically sustainable, for the tourist value of cultural and environmental resources, particularly suitable to be applied in rural contexts and in economically disadvantaged realities; the analyzed case study is indeed located in Gerace, ionic inland town of Calabria, region of southern Italy.

Urban Renewal: Negotiation Procedures and Evaluation Models

In complex programs of urban redevelopment recourse to negotiation procedures between PA and private developers emphasizes the role of evaluation, both in terms of the collective advantage and from the point of view of financial feasibility. The purpose of the contribution is twofold: the first is to investigate the role that can be exercised by the evaluation in order to confer efficiency, fairness, transparency and democratic participation in the processes of formation and implementation of strategic programs for urban and metropolitan development characterized by high levels of complexity, the second objective is to provide an integrated assessment model which can fulfill this role properly and adequately support the decision-makers and the public in decision-making ex-ante to an integrated assessment of the “public convenience” and at the same time check whether there are sufficient margins of feasibility and financial sustainability for the private developer to carry out the investment program.

Integrated Evaluation and Multi-methodological Approaches for the Enhancement of the Cultural Landscape

The paper presents an integrated assessment process for the identification of scenarios of cultural landscape sustainable valorization in a particularly significant area of southern Italy characterized by tangible and intangible resources. The decision-making process uses multi-methodological evaluations in order to support the development of scenarios and alternatives policy strategies, aimed at pre-order a territory development system subject of study. The methodological pathway is structured to allow the interaction among different techniques, which are selected in order to outline a decision support system, dynamic, flexible and adaptive, sensitive to the specificities of the context and oriented to the development of intervention strategies based on of experts and common knowledge, and on recognized and shared values. The selection of ‘conscious actions’ helps to reduce conflicts turning them in synergies, recognizing that the essential components of a landscape are multidimensional and complex and where interact different systems of values and relationships. Therefore, the strategies will be feasible or practicable in proportion to what projects will tend to achieve the idea of “scenario” for the site shared by social and institutional actors of the local system.

A Multicriteria Assessment Model for Selecting Strategic Projects in Urban Areas

The main goal of this paper lies in the need to define an assessment methodology to search for the feasibility of strategic programs aimed at achieving the urban sustainable development. The methodology utilizes a multidimensional approach for selecting the strategic actions, in which the choice and the feasibility are conditioned by the multiplicity of involved interests.

The Integrated Evaluation as a Driving Tool for Cultural-Heritage Enhancement Strategies

The paper shows the setting up of an integrated evaluation process to identify a sustainable enhancement strategy for a particularly significant territory in southern Italy that expresses the concept of Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) proposed by the UNESCO. The evaluation process is flexible to adapt to the specificity of complex contexts, to enable interaction with heterogeneous knowledge and to capture local values associated with the particular dimensions of a multi-scalar system. The evaluation is defined as a multidimensional, dynamic, incremental and cyclical learning process, which combines evaluation techniques integrated with public-participation techniques in order to delineate shared and transparent intervention strategies. Through a shared observation process of the context have been identified the values and resources, the key stakeholder categories and their preferences. Selecting context-aware actions enables us to reduce the conflicts by transforming them into synergies, recognizing as essential the components of a constantly evolving, multidimensional and complex landscape in which various systems of values and relationships interact. A ‘tailor-made’ multi-methodological approach that is enables the combination of the approaches of the Soft-System Methodology, Multi-Criteria Analysis and Multi-Group Analysis with the purpose of identifying the components of the perceived scenario and developing a strategic map able to put in network a system of micro actions, material and immaterial, sensitive to context specificities.

The Evaluation Culture to Build a Network of Competitive Cities in the Mediterranean

The gradual shift of the economic centre of gravity to the east, with the consequent marginalization of the majority parts of Europe, requires an approximation, in a short time, for the Mediterraneans peoples and their cultures to create a common space that will strengthen the interdependencies and complementarities.

Transfer of Development Rights as Incentives for Regeneration of Illegal Settlements

In Italy, southern cities are often characterized by widespread phenomena of illegal settlements, that have resulted among other things in a worsening of the quality of life of the urban-rural interface, and the decline of the considerable architectural interest of the entire city. .The goal of this paper is to propose an approach that would help requalify what is already built, to make the best of what has been realized by focusing on the quality and liveability of the city. This approach is based on a particular methodology based on the promotion of Urban Complex Programs (PUC), which provide a system of development rights resulting from the demolition of unfinished illegal settlements . The benefits of this approach are many, including improvements in efficiencies and safety, meeting demands of environmental protection and reducing consumption of energy, responding to the highest standards of protection and seismic risk prevention. They can be obtained only on one condition: that they are based on a system of collective and public conveniences in accordance with the principle of sustainability in multiple dimensions (environmental, cultural, technological, political, institutional, social and economic). But for this approach to be viable it needs also to be convenient for the private actors as well. With this paper we hope to provide first an original approach that can improve the conditions of cities burdened with the problems of illegal settlements that is both sustainable and convenient and, second, an instrument that can provide information for both the public and private sectors on the fairness of the procedure and their mutual interest in pursuing this approach.

Decision Support Model for Conservation, Reuse and Valorization of the Historic Cultural Heritage

In the last twenty years the policies of conservation of cultural heritage have become central policies among the European community. This is due to the importance attributed to the use of heritage as cultural capital and as a potential factor for tourism; another reason is represented by the objective of supporting the importance of cultural values for the identity of the territories, for its intrinsic value and as an investment for the cultural, social and economic development.

Villa San Giovanni Transport Hub: A Public-Private Partnership Opportunity

Transport is the foundation of sustainable economic growth and development. When well balanced, transport greatly facilitates economic and social development, as it allows the free movement of people, goods and services. This paper estimates the potential opportunities for a Public-Private Partnership to deliver efficient transport infrastructure and services for a new transport hub in the city of Villa San Giovanni, which lies in an excellent geographic position and possesses several other strengths. The area is very attractive from an economic point of view because of its privileged position on one of the most scenic natural areas of Italy: the Strait of Messina. Planning would need to be strategic, and Public-private Partnerships are a special feature of governance. Urban transformation projects are very complex and have to be examined from several points of view (socio-cultural, environmental, infrastructural, administrative, and economic-financial) to determine their sustainability, especially in Villa San Giovanni. This paper illustrates a synthetic evaluation method to assess the renewal potential of the railway station in Villa San Giovanni and the spatial and urban regeneration opportunities that would follow. In addition, it aims at building a conceptual framework to support decision makers in selecting the best Public-Private Partnership model for the development of a transport hub. This paper presents a working model of participatory management, based on PPP, which serves the purpose of supporting Public Administrations in managing the urban regeneration processes more efficiently.