Luciana Teixeira de Andrade

A reorganização espacial dos homicídios no Brasil e a tese da interiorização

This paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distributions of homicides in Brazil since the 1980s, when a sharp increase in death rates occurred. It also analyzes the evolution of homicides during the three following decades (1990s, 2000s and 2010s), when distinct processes took place, such as population reduction, stabilization and growth in different regions of the country. The main source of data for the first part of the paper consisted of various editions of “Mapa da Violencia” (Map of Violence) by WAISELFISZ (1998, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011). Besides analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of homicides, we will examine the widespread thesis of internalization, disseminated by these studies. Then, based only on the period of 1999 to 2006, the paper includes a geographical analysis of homicides in Brazil by geographical macro-region, exploring and describing the phenomena of “internalization” and the “spread of violence.” To do so we will use homicide records published by SVS/MS in order to produce risk rates and coropleth mapping at the municipal level. This article’s mainthesis is that the reorganization of violence in Brazil based on homicide records reveals a complex process that goes beyond what is conventionally called the “internalization of violence.” There is a reorganization that follows the logic of agglomeration, with the clear presence of effects of contagion and the formation of clusters of homicides in areas that, in recent years, experienced economic dynamism or the reorganization of their spaces due to changes in land-use and functions.

A territorialidade da prostituição em Belo Horizonte

O artigo realiza um mapeamento da distribuicao espacial da prostituicao masculina e feminina em Belo Horizonte em tres periodos. Durante o primeiro periodo, entre 1897, ano de fundacao da cidade, ate 1930, predomina a prostituicao feminina nos cabares situados em uma “regiao moral”. O segundo periodo compreende as decadas de 30 a 60, quando a prostituicao feminina ainda predomina, mas entra em cena a figura do “homossexual valente”. Nesse periodo, a prostituicao ocupa novas areas da cidade, mas ainda se confina a regioes bem delimitadas. No terceiro periodo, que se inicia nos anos 70 e vai ate os dias atuais, registra-se a emergencia da prostituicao masculina nos espacos publicos e semipublicos da cidade e um espraiamento tanto da prostituicao feminina quanto da masculina pela cidade, conquistando areas consideradas nobres. Verifica-se ainda a emergencia de novos tipos, como a travesti, o miche e as garotas de programas e uma significativa mudanca nas relacoes entre os diversos atores envolvidos na pratica da prostituicao, marcadas agora por uma maior impessoalidade e profissionalizacao.

Efeito-território: explorações em torno de um conceito sociológico

O efeito-territorio e compreendido na literatura sociologica como os beneficios ou prejuizos socioeconomicos que acometem alguns grupos sociais em funcao da sua localizacao no espaco social das cidades. A hipotese sociologica a respeito do efeito-territorio nao pressupoe uma acao determinista do espaco sobre as relacoes sociais, mas investiga as inter-relacoes entre as caracteristicas dos espacos (tais como infraestrutura urbana, vizinhanca, oferta de servicos) e as caracteristicas dos grupos sociais (perfil do grupo e a natureza das suas interacoes internas e externas). O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir o possivel efeito-territorio sobre a relacao entre populacoes socialmente distantes a partir de uma pesquisa realizada em uma favela de Belo Horizonte, o Aglomerado da Serra, que tem como vizinhanca bairros de media e alta rendas. Por meio desse caso, pretendemos levantar as principais questoes acerca do tema e investigar se a proximidade fisica pode propiciar efeitos positivos ou negativos a essa populacao e a natureza das interacoes sociais entre os moradores dos bairros com os dafavela.

Public Spaces: Interactions, Appropriations, and Conflicts

The authors begin the chapter with the contemporary discussion on the crisis of public spaces and use a Simmelian regarding to focus on two dimensions of this debate. First, the meaning of the thesis that argues the death of the public areas of large cities. Then, the relevance of the category public spaces, using the diversity of types of spaces and types of interaction that are associated with and try to show why they cannot be reduced and homogeneously represented. Hence, from research conducted in Brazil and Portugal, the authors illustrate the various dimensions of public spaces with examples of conflicts and appropriations from its everyday uses.

La reorganización espacial de los homicidios en Brasil y la tesis de la interiorización

This paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distributions of homicides in Brazil since the 1980s, when a sharp increase in death rates occurred. It also analyzes the evolution of homicides during the three following decades (1990s, 2000s and 2010s), when distinct processes took place, such as population reduction, stabilization and growth in different regions of the country. The main source of data for the first part of the paper consisted of various editions of “Mapa da Violencia” (Map of Violence) by WAISELFISZ (1998, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011). Besides analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of homicides, we will examine the widespread thesis of internalization, disseminated by these studies. Then, based only on the period of 1999 to 2006, the paper includes a geographical analysis of homicides in Brazil by geographical macro-region, exploring and describing the phenomena of “internalization” and the “spread of violence.” To do so we will use homicide records published by SVS/MS in order to produce risk rates and coropleth mapping at the municipal level. This article’s mainthesis is that the reorganization of violence in Brazil based on homicide records reveals a complex process that goes beyond what is conventionally called the “internalization of violence.” There is a reorganization that follows the logic of agglomeration, with the clear presence of effects of contagion and the formation of clusters of homicides in areas that, in recent years, experienced economic dynamism or the reorganization of their spaces due to changes in land-use and functions.

Spatial reorganization of homicides in Brazil and the interiorization thesis

This paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distributions of homicides in Brazil since the 1980s, when a sharp increase in death rates occurred. It also analyzes the evolution of homicides during the three following decades (1990s, 2000s and 2010s), when distinct processes took place, such as population reduction, stabilization and growth in different regions of the country. The main source of data for the first part of the paper consisted of various editions of “Mapa da Violencia” (Map of Violence) by WAISELFISZ (1998, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011). Besides analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of homicides, we will examine the widespread thesis of internalization, disseminated by these studies. Then, based only on the period of 1999 to 2006, the paper includes a geographical analysis of homicides in Brazil by geographical macro-region, exploring and describing the phenomena of “internalization” and the “spread of violence.” To do so we will use homicide records published by SVS/MS in order to produce risk rates and coropleth mapping at the municipal level. This article’s mainthesis is that the reorganization of violence in Brazil based on homicide records reveals a complex process that goes beyond what is conventionally called the “internalization of violence.” There is a reorganization that follows the logic of agglomeration, with the clear presence of effects of contagion and the formation of clusters of homicides in areas that, in recent years, experienced economic dynamism or the reorganization of their spaces due to changes in land-use and functions.