Luciéle Dias Oliveira

Fatores de risco psíquico ao desenvolvimento infantil: implicações para a fonoaudiologia

BACKGROUND: psychical risk factors to child development and implications on speech-language and hearing therapy. PURPOSE: to study, through a theoretical review, the psychical risks to the child development, emphasizing the risks for language acquisition, and discuss the implications on the speech-language and hearing therapy performance for precocious age. CONCLUSION: through reviewed literature, we evidenced that children who live with biological and especially psychic risks, during their first years, are more inclined to develop problems that may come to affect their development. So, we consider the need for speech-language and hearing therapy to be linked to a constant observation of the psychical risk factors to the child development and language acquisition, being this professional able to take part in the precocious detection and stimulation under a promotional perspective.

O distúrbio de linguagem em dois sujeitos com risco para o desenvolvimento em uma perspectiva enunciativa do funcionamento de linguagem

This study aims to analyze the importance of a hypothesis of language working, considering the form/meaning relationships and the enunciative mechanisms and strategies in the analysis of language of two subjects with language impairment and risk to development. Two subjects and their families were followed from the first to the eighteenth month of age, through the Indexes of Risk to Child Development. Between 21 and 24 months, the subjects were filmed with relatives (mother, father, brother) and with the researcher, in a playful situation, in a similar way to what happens at home. The recordings were orthographically analyzed and transcribed and also analyzed by means of mechanisms and enunciative strategies, the relative form/meaning, trying to identify the function of language. While one of the subjects showed greater possibilities of vocal accomplishment, but with restricted enunciative strategies and mechanisms, the other one had almost no speech, inducing the adult to speak in his place. There were differences in the functioning of language, the resources to relate form and meaning, as well as the use of enunciative mechanisms and strategies between both subjects, which demonstrates the need to identify a hypothesis of language working in the evaluation process of the children language.

Categorias enunciativas na descrição do funcionamento de linguagem de mães e bebês de um a quatro meses

OBJECTIVE To present categories which explain the language functioning between infants and their mothers from Benvenistes concept of semiotic system, and verify whether such categories can be described numerically. METHOD Four mother-infant dyads were monitored in three stages. The first study consisted of a qualitative analysis of the transcribed video recordings conducted in each stage. We intended to identify the enunciative principles associated with the relationship between the semiotic system of the infants body and their mothers language, namely, the principles of interpretancy and homology. The other study was conducted by means of a descriptive numerical analysis of the enunciative categories and the infant caregiver scale of behavior, using the ELAN software (EUDICO Linguistic Anotador). RESULTS Mutuality in mother-infant interactions was observed in most of the scenes analyzed. Productive enunciative categories demonstrated in the infants demand/mothers interpretation relation was identified in homology and interpretancy. It was also possible to use these categories to describe the mother-infant interactions numerically. In addition, other categories emerged because there are other subtypes of maternal productions not directly related to infant demand. This shows that infants are exposed to language of heterogeneous characteristics. CONCLUSION The concept of semiotic system allowed the proposition of language functioning categories identifiable in the mother-infant relationship. Such categories were described numerically.

Efeitos da prematuridade na aquisição da linguagem e na maturação auditiva: revisão sistemática

Purpose To verify which damages prematurity causes to hearing and language. Research strategies We used the decriptors language/linguagem, hearing/audicao, prematurity/prematuridade in databases LILACS, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and Scielo. Selection criteria randomized controlled trials, non-randomized intervention studies and descriptive studies (cross-sectional, cohort, case-control projects). Data analysis The articles were assessed independently by two authors according to the selection criteria. Twenty-six studies were selected, of which seven were published in Brazil and 19 in international literature. Results Nineteen studies comparing full-term and preterm infants. Two of the studies made comparisons between premature infants small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age. In four studies, the sample consisted of children with extreme prematurity, while other studies have been conducted in children with severe and moderate prematurity. To assess hearing, these studies used otoacoustic emissions, brainstem evoked potentials, tympanometry, auditory steady-state response and visual reinforcement audiometry. For language assessment, most of the articles used the Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development. Most studies reviewed observed that prematurity is directly or indirectly related to the acquisition of auditory and language abilities early in life. Conclusion Thus, it could be seen that prematurity, as well as aspects related to it (gestational age, low weight at birth and complications at birth), affect maturation of the central auditory pathway and may cause negative effects on language acquisition.Purpose To verify which damages prematurity causes to hearing and language. Research strategies We used the decriptors language/linguagem, hearing/audição, prematurity/prematuridade in databases LILACS, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and Scielo. Selection criteria randomized controlled trials, non-randomized intervention studies and descriptive studies (cross-sectional, cohort, case-control projects). Data analysis The articles were assessed independently by two authors according to the selection criteria. Twenty-six studies were selected, of which seven were published in Brazil and 19 in international literature. Results Nineteen studies comparing full-term and preterm infants. Two of the studies made comparisons between premature infants small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age. In four studies, the sample consisted of children with extreme prematurity, while other studies have been conducted in children with severe and moderate prematurity. To assess hearing, these studies used otoacoustic emissions, brainstem evoked potentials, tympanometry, auditory steady-state response and visual reinforcement audiometry. For language assessment, most of the articles used the Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development. Most studies reviewed observed that prematurity is directly or indirectly related to the acquisition of auditory and language abilities early in life. Conclusion Thus, it could be seen that prematurity, as well as aspects related to it (gestational age, low weight at birth and complications at birth), affect maturation of the central auditory pathway and may cause negative effects on language acquisition.