Ludmila Novakova-Marcincinova

Special materials used in FDM rapid prototyping technology application

In this paper are presented information about common and advanced materials used for manufacturing of products by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) rapid prototyping technology. In different rapid prototyping technologies the initial state of material can come in either solid, liquid or powder state. In solid state it can come in various forms such as pellets, wire or laminates. The current range materials include paper, nylon, wax, resins, metals and ceramics. In FDM are mainly used as basic materials ABS - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene and polypropylene. For special FDM applications are used advanced materials as silicon nitrate, PZT, aluminium oxide, hydroxypatite and stainless steel.

Augmented Reality Aided Manufacturing

The purpose of the article is to introduce possibilities of manufacturing process by using special virtual tools from scientific field named augmented reality (AR) and their implementation on the real example from pruduct manufacturing area. After the introduction which sketch basic information about this mentioned scientific area of augmnted reality aided manufacturing, the first point quickly provides view on the current situation in AR of manufacturing processes. The following step is oriented on explanation of main philosophy of AR in order to apply their in the particular applications. The last part of article observes real examples of possibilities to create AR, not only by commercial software but also by virtual environment which is offered by open source platform. All these mentioned possibilities and examples are implemented in the special virtual environment of the AR, where users can see not only visual information about an exact manufacturing process but also necessary text and audio information about workplaces, parts, work conditions etc.

Verification of a Program for the Control of a Robotic Workcell with the Use of AR

This paper contributes in the form of a theoretical discussion and also, by the presentation of a practical example, brings information about the utilization possibilities of elements of augmented reality for the creation of programs for the control of a robotic workplace and for their simulated verification. In the beginning it provides an overview of the current state in the area of robotic systems with the use of unreal objects and describes existing and assumed attitudes. The next part describes an experimental robotic workplace. Then it clarifies the realization of a new way of verification of the program for robotic workplace control and provides information about the possibilities for further development of created functioning concepts.

Production of Composite Material by FDM Rapid Prototyping Technology

In the paper is presented information about common and advanced materials used for manufacturing of products by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) rapid prototyping technology. In different rapid prototyping technologies the initial state of material can come in either solid, liquid or powder state. The current range materials include paper, nylon, wax, resins, metals and ceramics. In FDM are mainly used as basic materials ABS - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene and polypropylene. Main part of the paper is focused on experimental production and testing of composite material produced by rapid prototyping realized by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) method and presents outputs of testing of ABS/glass texture material realized by authors.

Composite lay-up process with application of elements of augmented reality

This article deals with virtual tools based on principles of open source philosophy in implementation area of composite lay-up technology. It describes virtual software and hardware elements that are necessary for work in augmented reality environment. In the beginning it focuses on general problems of applications of virtual components and in composite lay-up process. It clarifies the fundamental philosophy of new created application and the process called visual scripting that was used for program development. Further it provides closer view on particular logical sections, where necessary data are harvested and compared with values from virtual arrays. Also the new device is described with adjustment of operating desk, what enables detailed control of any realized manufacturing process. This positioning table can determine and set the position of the working plane using the commands in computer interface or manual changes. Information about exact position of individual layers are obtained in real time thanks to the built-in sensors. One of them manages the data change of the desk position (X, Y, Z), other checks the rotation around main axis situated in the center of the table. New software consists of 4 main logical areas with data packets comming from internal computer components as well as from external devices. In the end the displaying section is able to realize the movement process of virtual item (composite layer) according to its trajectory. Article presents new attitude in realization of composite lay-up process. Finally it deals with possible future improvements and other application possibilities.

Visualization of intelligent assembling process by augmented reality tools application

This article presents possibilities of intelligent assembling manufacturing process by using special tools of the augmented reality (AR) and logical procedures from related areas such as a Computer Aided Design and Planning. These possibilities are implemented in the virtual assembling environment of AR, where engineers and constructors can see important information about an exact position and orientation of the single assembly element that creates a part of the entire assembly structure. By means of this the application of AR allows costumer to see the motion process of single assembly item according to its trajectory and prevents the possible mistakes in the assembling processes.

Application of Virtual and Augmented Reality Technology in Education of Manufacturing Engineers

Method of dialogue of person with computer is named interface and Virtual Reality (VR) is newest of row this interfaces. Applications of VR in area of computer games was first and in this time is rise need to exercise this technology in another areas: industry and education. Nowadays VR are used by many universities, education and industrial companies as well, because they offer lower operating costs than the real situation. In other disciplines where training is necessary, simulations have also offered big benefits. Augmented reality (AR) system generates a complex view where the virtual areas are covered by real environment and offers the basic working place for the user. VR and AR are established itself in many disciplines of human activities, as a medium that allows easier perception of data or natural phenomena appearance. Therefore the education purposes seem to be the most natural ones.

Intelligent design of experimental gearbox with Rapid Prototyping technology support

Paper presents project of experimental gearbox design and production with application of Rapid Prototyping technology realized by students and workers of Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies in Presov, Slovakia. In frame of gearbox design there was model with four gears realized together with its control mechanism. Production of gearbox was connected with realization of produced parts dimensional issues and final gearbox assembly.

Utilization of Augmented Reality Elements for Visualization of Operational States of Manufacturing Devices

This contribution deals with possibilities of using the elements of augmented reality for generation of aided view to the manufacturing devices that work separately or as a part of production line. Idea of augmented reality is present in the form of special displaying unit based on utilization of half-silvered mirror which works on the principle of combination of two attributes – transparency and ability to reflect. With this mirror placed between worker and machine, different useful data and images can be added directly into real viewpoint, what can aid the diagnostic of machines and handling of their operational states and relevant issues.

Testing of the ABS Materials for Application in Fused Deposition Modeling Technology

In paper are presented knowledge about types and properties of materials used for production of models using by rapid prototyping Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) method. In today used rapid prototyping technologies is used material in initial state as solid, liquid or powder material structure. In solid state are used various forms such as pellets, wire or laminates. Basic range materials include paper, nylon, wax, resins, metals and ceramics. In FDM rapid prototyping technology are mainly used as basic materials ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene and polypropylene. For advanced FDM applications are used special materials as silicon nitrate, PZT (Piezoceramic Material - Lead Zirconate Titanate), aluminium oxide, hydroxypatite and stainless steel.