Luis Felipe Castelli Correia de Campos

Physical Activity and Improved Diastolic Function in Spinal Cord-Injured Subjects.

PURPOSE Subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI) have been reported to present impaired left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in comparison with able-bodied (AB) ones. The present study investigated the effect of regular physical activity on the cardiac structure and function of SCI subjects. METHODS Fifty-eight SCI men (29 sedentary [SCI-S] and 29 athletes [SCI-A]) and 29 AB men were cross-sectionally evaluated by clinical, laboratory, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic analysis. All enrolled subjects were normotensive, nondiabetic, nonsmoker, and normolipemic, and the studied groups presented similar age and body mass index. RESULTS SCI-S presented similar LV structural and systolic parameters but higher E/Em (8.0 ± 0.5) and lower Em/Am (1.18 ± 0.09) ratios than SCI-A and AB (E/Em = 6.4 ± 0.3 and 5.9 ± 0.3, respectively; Em/Am = 1.57 ± 0.12 and 1.63 ± 0.08, respectively; all P < 0.05 compared with SCI-S). Analysis of SCI individuals according to injury level revealed that tetraplegic athletes had similar features compared with sedentary tetraplegic subjects, except for higher Em (10.9 ± 0.6 vs 8.6 ± 0.7 cm s, P < 0.05) and lower E/Em ratio (6.3 ± 0.4 vs 8.8 ± 0.8, P < 0.05), whereas paraplegic athletes had similar features compared with sedentary paraplegic individuals, except for higher LV end-diastolic diameter (49.4 ± 1.4 vs 45.0 ± 1.0 mm, P < 0.05) and Em/Am ratio (1.69 ± 0.20 vs 1.19 ± 0.08, P < 0.05) and lower LV relative wall thickness (0.330 ± 0.012 vs 0.369 ± 0.010, P < 0.05) and heart rate (67.1 ± 4.2 vs 81.9 ± 2.8 bpm, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Regular physical activity is associated with improved LV diastolic function in SCI subjects and might exert distinct cardiac structural effects in tetraplegic and paraplegic subjects.

Physical activity is associated with improved subclinical atherosclerosis in spinal cord injury subjects independent of variation in traditional risk factors.

injury subjects independent of variation in traditional risk factors☆ Jose R. Matos-Souza , Anselmo A. Silva , Luis F. Campos , Debora Goulart , Roberto Schreiber , Guilherme de Rossi , Jose A. Pio-Magalhaes , Mauricio Etchebehere , Jose I. Gorla , Alberto Cliquet Jr. , Wilson Nadruz Jr. a,⁎ a Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil b School of Physical Education, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil c Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil d Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein, matrix-metalloproteinase-8 and carotid atherosclerosis in spinal cord injured subjects.

OBJECTIVE Previous reports have indicated that subjects with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) exhibit increased cardiovascular risk compared to able-bodied individuals. This study investigated the relationship between plasmatic oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) levels and vascular remodeling in SCI subjects and the role of physical activity in this regard. METHODS We studied 42 men with chronic (≥2 years) SCI [18 sedentary (S-SCI) and 24 physically active (PA-SCI)] and 16 able-bodied men by clinical, anthropometric, laboratory, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) analysis. All enrolled subjects were normotensive, non-diabetics, non-smokers and normolipemic. Plasmatic OxLDL, MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Carotid IMT, IMT/diameter ratio and OxLDL levels of PA-SCI and able-bodied subjects were statistically similar. Conversely, S-SCI subjects exhibited higher IMT, IMT/diameter ratio and OxLDL levels compared to PA-SCI (p < 0.01, p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively) and able-bodied (p < 0.001 for all) individuals. Results of bivariate correlation analysis including all injured subjects showed that carotid IMT and IMT/diameter ratio only correlated with OxLDL, MMP-8 and MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio. Further stepwise regression analysis adjusted for the presence or not of physical activity and age showed that OxLDL was associated with carotid IMT and IMT/diameter ratio, while MMP-8 was associated with IMT/diameter ratio in SCI individuals. CONCLUSIONS Plasmatic OxLDL and MMP-8 levels are associated with carotid atherosclerosis and there is an interaction among physical inactivity, atherosclerosis and OxLDL in SCI individuals.

Validação da bateria "Beck" de testes de habilidades para atletas brasileiros de "rugby" em cadeira de rodas

The Wheelchair Rugby is a sport practiced by subjects with tetraplegia or tetra-equivalence, since 2005 in Brazil, where there are approximately 10 teams in business. The motricity evaluation is a means of training control that allows achieve real progress in planning. The BECK battery of skills tests (ball handling, precision passing, blocking, speed and long distance passing) to wheelchair rugby athletes was developed in the U.S.A. by Yilla & Sherrill (1998).The aim of this study was to examine the criteria of scientific authenticity of the battery to the Brazilian athletes population. The results of two assessments with the battery (test and retest) with 11 athletes (mean age 27.59 ± 5.37 years, length of lesion 8.19 ± 3.83 years), were recorded by three assessors , which allowed the analysis of objectivity, reliability and internal consistency. We used ANOVA for analysis of objectivity and linear correlation and t test for analysis of reliability and consistency. No differences were found between results from different raters (p values ranging from 0.45 to 1.00) and the values of intraclass correlation coefficient found (range r 0.78 to 0.99 p < 0.00) indicate that the battery is consistent and reliable. The results of this study indicate that the criteria of scientific authenticity to the battery are satisfied and battery can be considered a valid tool for motricity evaluation of wheelchair rugby brazilian players.

Avaliação da potência aeróbia de praticantes de Rugby em Cadeira de Rodas através de um teste de quadra

The present study aimed to estimate aerobic power in wheelchair athletes with SCI. Other objetive was VO2max levels correlate with the functional classification of athletes and analyze the behavior of the FC before and after testing. The sample consisted of 10 male athletes with SCI and mean age was 29.6 ± 6.5 years. The athletes were tested for race 12 minutes and the heart rate monitor was used. The average VO2max was 18.3±8.1 ml (kg.min)-1, while the mean HRmax was 114.6±25.3bpm. The VO2max values obtained in the study are classified as medium for people with quadriplegia. It was observed that there is a moderate correlation (r = 0.77) between the functional classification and VO2max among athletes practicing WR and finally, was observed low values of HR will face a submaximal test, which may be related to decreased activity symphatetic after SCI.

PSE - PROTAGONIZANDO A PREVENÇÃO DE LESÕES ESPORTIVAS NO FUTEBOL DE 5

O Futebol de 5 é uma modalidade paralímpica exclusiva para cegos ou deficientes visuais. Por serem atletas do alto rendimento torna-se importante monitorar a carga de treino, sendo uma das formas a determinação da PSE (Percepção Subjetiva de Esforço). O objetivo do estudo foi examinar se a distribuição da carga de treino foi adequada para prevenir lesões esportivas de sobrecarga na Seleção Brasileira de Futebol de 5. Como objetivos específicos buscou-se investigar os parâmetros adotados para quantificar as cargas e quais os eventos críticos que predispõem ao desenvolvimento de lesões de sobrecarga neste esporte.

Avaliação isocinética em atletas da seleção brasileira de futebol de 5

INTRODUCCION: La fuerza muscular (FM) de los miembros inferiores es uno de los principales componentes necesarios para acciones especificas durante la practica de futbol de 5 y, cuando presentan niveles insuficientes, los desequilibrios bilaterales elevados o acentuada diferencia en la razon agonista/antagonista (RAA), son factores que contribuyen para el desarrollo de lesiones musculoesqueleticas. OBJETIVO: En este sentido, la propuesta del estudio fue evaluar los niveles de torque maximo, diferencia bilateral en la produccion de fuerza y razon convencional de las musculaturas flexoras y extensoras de la rodilla en diferentes velocidades de ejecucion. METODOS: Participaron en el estudio 11 atletas con discapacidad visual. Los atletas fueron sometidos a evaluacion antropometrica para determinacion de la composicion corporal y sometidos a evaluacion en el dinamometro isocinetico para medir los niveles de desequilibrio muscular y la razon convencional. RESULTADOS: En los movimientos concentricos de la musculatura flexora, se observaron diferencias significativas en el pico de torque (PT) entre los miembros dominantes (MD) y no dominante (MND) en la velocidad de 60°.s-1 y 180°.s-1, en el pico de torque normalizado (PTN) a 60°.s-1 y 180°.s-1 para los musculos extensores. En la RAA se observo diferencia significativa entre MD y MND, y niveles aceptables de RAA en ambas piernas de acuerdo con lo propuesto para el futbol convencional. CONCLUSION: Se espera que los resultados del presente estudio puedan contribuir para los procesos de prevencion, entrenamiento y rehabilitacion de los atletas de futbol de 5, asi como tambien que sirvan como parametros para futuros estudios.

O “rugby” em cadeira de rodas no âmbito da universidade: relato de experiência da Universidade Estadual de Campinas

The wheelchair rugby (WR) is a paralympic Sport played by people with physical disabilities and its growth is related to university participation. This study described the WR development at university, through a case study at Physical Education College of Unicamp. The WR is related to learning, researching and extension; due the contact with the sport, conducting research; practical experience and approach to community. The university extension is a important opportunity to practical experience and approach to community of Physical Education students. Due the approaching to science, the work with WR is consistent, reaching good sports results.

Proporção Corporal em Crianças e Adolescentes com Síndrome de Down

The present study aimed to evaluate the body proportions of sitting height and leg length in children and adolescents with Down’s syndrome (DS). The sample consisted of 99 individuals with DS (40 girls with an average age of 11.45 ± 2.6 years and 59 boys with an average age of 12.07 ± 3.0 years). The following parameters were studied: chronological age, height, sitting height and leg length. The body proportions of each segment were calculated using body indices and the Phantom model. For the statistical analysis, the normality test and descriptive analyses of central tendency and dispersion were performed, and Student’s t-test was used. For all treatments, the statistical software program SPSS version 13.0 was used, and a significance level of p < 0.05 was set. The body proportion of the upper and lower segments of children and adolescents with DS differed from those of the typical population in terms of leg length, whereas the seated height values of individuals with DS †were similar to those of individuals without DS.