M. M. Oliveira

Risk Management in Technovigilance: construction and Validation of a Medical-Hospital Product Evaluation Instrument

With the continuous incorporation of health technologies, hospital risk management should be implemented to systemize the monitoring of adverse effects, performing actions to control and eliminate their damage. As part of these actions, Technovigilance is active in the procedures of acquisition, use and quality control of health products and equipment. This study aimed to construct and validate an instrument to evaluate medical-hospital products. This is a quantitative, exploratory, longitudinal and methodological development study, based on the Six Sigma quality management model, which has as its principle basis the component stages of the DMAIC Cycle. For data collection and content validation, the Delphi technique was used with professionals from the Brazilian Sentinel Hospital Network. It was concluded that the instrument developed permitted the evaluation of the product, differentiating between the results of the tested brands, in line with the initial study goal of qualifying the evaluations performed.Con la continua incorporacion de tecnologias en la salud, la administracion de riesgo hospitalario debe ser implantada para sistematizar la monitorizacion de eventos adversos, ejecutando acciones para el control y eliminacion de sus danos. Como parte de esas acciones, la Tecnovigilancia actua en los procedimientos de adquisicion, utilizacion y control de calidad de productos y equipamientos en el area de la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue construir y validar un instrumento de evaluacion de productos Medico hospitalarios. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio, longitudinal y de desarrollo metodologico, fundamentado en el modelo de gestion de calidad Seis Sigma, que tiene como base principal las etapas componentes del Ciclo DMAIC. Para la obtencion de datos y la validacion de contenido, se utilizo la tecnica Delphi con profesionales de la Red Brasilena de Hospitales Centinela. Se concluyo que el instrumento desarrollado posibilito evaluar el producto, diferenciando los resultados entre las marcas probadas y retratando el proposito inicial del estudio de calificar las evaluaciones realizadas.

Gerenciamento de risco em tecnovigilância: construção e validação de instrumento de avaliação de produto médico-hospitalar

With the continuous incorporation of health technologies, hospital risk management should be implemented to systemize the monitoring of adverse effects, performing actions to control and eliminate their damage. As part of these actions, Technovigilance is active in the procedures of acquisition, use and quality control of health products and equipment. This study aimed to construct and validate an instrument to evaluate medical-hospital products. This is a quantitative, exploratory, longitudinal and methodological development study, based on the Six Sigma quality management model, which has as its principle basis the component stages of the DMAIC Cycle. For data collection and content validation, the Delphi technique was used with professionals from the Brazilian Sentinel Hospital Network. It was concluded that the instrument developed permitted the evaluation of the product, differentiating between the results of the tested brands, in line with the initial study goal of qualifying the evaluations performed.Con la continua incorporacion de tecnologias en la salud, la administracion de riesgo hospitalario debe ser implantada para sistematizar la monitorizacion de eventos adversos, ejecutando acciones para el control y eliminacion de sus danos. Como parte de esas acciones, la Tecnovigilancia actua en los procedimientos de adquisicion, utilizacion y control de calidad de productos y equipamientos en el area de la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue construir y validar un instrumento de evaluacion de productos Medico hospitalarios. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio, longitudinal y de desarrollo metodologico, fundamentado en el modelo de gestion de calidad Seis Sigma, que tiene como base principal las etapas componentes del Ciclo DMAIC. Para la obtencion de datos y la validacion de contenido, se utilizo la tecnica Delphi con profesionales de la Red Brasilena de Hospitales Centinela. Se concluyo que el instrumento desarrollado posibilito evaluar el producto, diferenciando los resultados entre las marcas probadas y retratando el proposito inicial del estudio de calificar las evaluaciones realizadas.

O equilíbrio de Nash como uma solução para o conflito entre eficiência e custo na escolha de sistemas de tratamento de esgoto sanitário com o auxílio de um modelo de tomada de decisão

A escolha de estacoes de tratamento de esgoto pode, dentre outras coisas, envolver um conflito entre a eficiencia e o custo, pois para o menor custo possivel esta escolha tambem devera satisfazer varias exigencias ambientais. Para auxiliar na escolha de uma estacao de menor custo, um modelo baseado em tecnicas de tomada de decisao foi desenvolvido por Oliveira (2004). Todavia, se nao forem levados em consideracao os outros criterios envolvidos, a interacao entre os tomadores de decisao e suas respectivas estrategias podem fazer com que a escolha do sistema de tratamento nao seja a mais adequada. Para estes casos, o equilibrio de Nash pode oferece uma solucao, construida com base na interacao entre os jogadores, a qual poderia satisfazer razoavelmente os interesses conflitantes. Desta forma, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi, com base nos dados de saida do modelo de Oliveira (2004), encontrar o equilibrio de Nash para propor uma solucao para o conflito entre a eficiencia e o custo nas escolhas do sistema de tratamento de esgoto sanitario. A comparacao entre os diferentes resultados alcancados, quando apenas considerado o criterio de menor custo ou de maior eficiencia, demonstrou que a adocao do equilibrio de Nash pode ser uma alternativa viavel para solucionar o conflito entre a eficiencia e o custo nas escolhas das estacoes de tratamento de esgoto sanitario.

Use and development of health information systems: the experience of an organizational unit responsible for the technological services at a public hospital

The goal of this work is to present an overview of the use and development of health information systems (HIS) reporting the experience of the information management department of a public hospital. Recently, the implementation of HIS has received great prominence. The patients improvement process can be enriched with the introduction of the patients history by electronic means, among other technologies. A descriptive study with interviews conducted between the years 2004 and 2007 provided the experience obtained by the Center for Information and Analysis of HC-FMRP-USP. It can be concluded that the success of the HIS implementation can lead to cost reduction and improve the work quality of health care professionals as well as patient care services.

E-SCM and inventory management: a study of multiple cases in a segment of the department store chain

Inventory management through the supply chains is a theme that has always enticed managers throughout the world. Due to the increase in market competitiveness and complexity, the traditional statistical models of forecasting demand, based on time series, no longer met the needs imposed on businesses to maintain adequate levels of their inventory and supply interruptions. With the intent to meet these market demands, ERP systems appeared in the 1990s. Nevertheless, even if allowing for a more adequate level of inventory and supply interruptions achieved mainly by the optimization of internal processes and the reduction in lead time, ERP systems did not contribute to reach the SCMs desired levels of inventory that were aimed at by the more competitive businesses. This is because ERP limits itself to an internal analysis of the business. By contrast, inventory management depends on the consumption information (which is external to the business). Aiming to improve even further the level of services delivered to the end consumer, new solutions have been developed, among them the e-SCM, which, since it makes consumption information available in real time, ends up being more dynamic and efficient than the traditional demand forecasting models, Therefore, the present study aims to analyze how the e-SCM can collaborate in maintaining adequate levels of inventory and interruptions in the supply chains. The hypothesis made is that the traditional statistical forecasting models, based on time series and isolatedly, are no longer adequate to adjust the demand, as the tools based on these models do not update the demand in real time and this is fundamental in the current business dynamics. The research method used was the study of multiple cases in a segment of a chain involving a large retailer, its Distribution Center and a supplier of home appliances. For the analysis of the data, the content analysis technique was used. As main results, it was observed that, after the integration of the chain segment by the e-SCM, there was a reduction in the level of the inventory (36.8% in retail and 18% in the industry) and in inventory turnover (from 18.3 to 5.1 days in retail and from 19.6 to 3.2 days in the Distribution Center), aside from the variation in the interruption (from 17.3% to 2.6% in retail and from 3% to 0.1% in the case of the Distribution Center). Therefore, the study brings forth strong indication that the integration of the chain through the e-SCM, may contribute to the SCMs competitiveness.

O IMPACTO NAS VARIAÇÕES DAS MATRIZES ENERGÉTICAS E USO DA TERRA: ESTUDO SOBRE A EFICIÊNCIA AMBIENTAL DO G20

O objetivo foi avaliar o impacto na variacao da matriz energetica e da area das mudancas no uso da terra (reflorestamento, florestamento ou desmatamento) na reducao de emissao de gases de efeito estufa entre os paises membros do G20, no decenio 1990-2000-2010. A tecnica de Analise Envoltoria de Dados foi empregada no calculo dos scores para avaliar a eficiencia relativa dos paises do G20. Os resultados evidenciam que as alteracoes na matriz energetica (maior consumo de fontes menos poluentes) influenciam no desempenho em relacao aos demais paises e que as mudancas no uso da terra sao fatores preponderantes no desempenho do pais, em relacao a ele mesmo e aos outros, ao longo do tempo.

A influência das dimensões da qualidade na satisfação dos consumidores de serviços de beleza

Dentro do setor de servicos, um segmento que tem apresentado destaque e o da beleza. O objetivo deste estudo e compreender como as dimensoes da qualidade de servico podem influenciar a satisfacao do cliente. Foi realizado um levantamento de campo em um salao de beleza utilizando uma pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa. Foi empregada a analise fatorial para agrupar as variaveis em algumas dimensoes da qualidade de servico e a analise de regressao para medir a forca do relacionamento entre satisfacao e qualidade de servico. As conclusoes do estudo mostraram a existencia de uma relacao entre a qualidade percebida e satisfacao. Adicionalmente, a dimensao da qualidade mais importante para a satisfacao foi a confiabilidade, comprovando as hipoteses da presente pesquisa. O estudo contribui para que os profissionais da area da beleza tenham um maior entendimento sobre as necessidades dos clientes, e assim possam dirigir a estrategia da empresa.

Administración de riesgo en tecnovigilancia: construcción y validación de un instrumento de evaluación de producto Médico hospitalario

With the continuous incorporation of health technologies, hospital risk management should be implemented to systemize the monitoring of adverse effects, performing actions to control and eliminate their damage. As part of these actions, Technovigilance is active in the procedures of acquisition, use and quality control of health products and equipment. This study aimed to construct and validate an instrument to evaluate medical-hospital products. This is a quantitative, exploratory, longitudinal and methodological development study, based on the Six Sigma quality management model, which has as its principle basis the component stages of the DMAIC Cycle. For data collection and content validation, the Delphi technique was used with professionals from the Brazilian Sentinel Hospital Network. It was concluded that the instrument developed permitted the evaluation of the product, differentiating between the results of the tested brands, in line with the initial study goal of qualifying the evaluations performed.Con la continua incorporacion de tecnologias en la salud, la administracion de riesgo hospitalario debe ser implantada para sistematizar la monitorizacion de eventos adversos, ejecutando acciones para el control y eliminacion de sus danos. Como parte de esas acciones, la Tecnovigilancia actua en los procedimientos de adquisicion, utilizacion y control de calidad de productos y equipamientos en el area de la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue construir y validar un instrumento de evaluacion de productos Medico hospitalarios. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio, longitudinal y de desarrollo metodologico, fundamentado en el modelo de gestion de calidad Seis Sigma, que tiene como base principal las etapas componentes del Ciclo DMAIC. Para la obtencion de datos y la validacion de contenido, se utilizo la tecnica Delphi con profesionales de la Red Brasilena de Hospitales Centinela. Se concluyo que el instrumento desarrollado posibilito evaluar el producto, diferenciando los resultados entre las marcas probadas y retratando el proposito inicial del estudio de calificar las evaluaciones realizadas.

A Parallel Algorithm for Production Scheduling

Abstract A method to schedule and program operations based on manufacture cells and use of parallel processing is presented in this paper. The factory is organized in cells with the aim of decomposing the global problem of scheduling in subproblems of reduced dimension. This decomposition allows a simplification of tasks related to the control and supervision of the factory. Besides, parallel processing enables faster computations and the use of the program in real time.