M. S. Gorunovic

Essential Oil of Stachys officinalis (L.) Trevis. Lamiaceae from Montenegro

Abstract The aerial parts of Stachys officinalis(L.) Trevis., collected from Velika Greda locality at Durmitor mountain (Montenegro), contained 0.5% of essential oil. Using GC and GC/MS, 32 constituents were identified. A mixture of isocaryophyllene and β-caryophyllene (22.9 %) was identified as its principal component.

Essential Oil of Wild Growing Mentha pulegium L. from Yugoslavia

Abstract The essential oil of Mentha pulegium L., Lamiaceae was obtained by steam distillation of the herb, collected during the period of full flowering, when 0.2% was gained. The analysis of its chemical composition was performed using GC and GC/MS. Twenty-two components (89.9% of the total oil) were identified. The principal one was menthone (30.9%), while the other important were pulegone (14.1%) and neomenthol (13.8%) and caryophyllene oxide (9.0%).

Aromatic Plants of Yugoslavia. I. Chemical Composition of Oils of Achillea millefolium L. ssp. pannonica (Scheele) Hayak, A. crithmifolia W. et K., A. serbica Nym. and A. tanacetifolia All.

Abstract We used GC/MS to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils of wild Achillea plants native to Yugoslavia: Achillea millefolium L. ssp. pannonica (Scheele) Hayak, A. crithmifolia W. et K., A. serbica Nym. and A. tanacetifolia All. Seventy-four components were identified. All four oils contained camphor (4–16%), 1,8-cineole (6–23%) and borneol (4–16%). In addition, artemisia ketone (4%) was found in A. crithmifolia, α-thujone (4.5%) in Achillea millefolium, yomogi alcohol and 2-pyrolidone were specific to A. serbica, and A, crithmifolia contained cis-chrysanthenol (1.4%) and large amounts of the corresponding acetate (23.4%).

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TWO WILD SPECIES OF THE GENUS SALVIA L. FROM YUGOSLAVIA: SALVIA AETHIOPIS AND SALVIA VERTICILLATA

Abstract We compared two wild Salvia species found in Yugoslavia: S. aethiopis L. and S. verticillata L. Both oils contained β-caryophyllene as main constituent (27.5% and 13.3%, respectively), but differed by the presence of germacrene D (10.9%) andcaryophyllene oxide (6.4%) in the first, and γ-muurolene (10.3%) and trans-chrysanthenol (6.1%) in the second.

Flavonoid and phenolic acid patterns in seven Hieracium species

Abstract The methanolic extracts of Hieracium gymnocephalum, H. suborienii, H. blecicii, H. coloriscapum, H. guentheri-beckii, H. naegelianum and H. rotundatum were analysed by HPLC and TLC in order to examine their flavonoids and phenolic acids. With the exception of H. rotundatum, which grows in shaded places, all species exhibit a similar pattern of phenolic substances with chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and luteolin 7-O-glucoside as the main compounds. The chemotaxonomic significance is discussed.

Essential oil of the herb of Stachys recta L., Lamiaceae from Serbia.

Abstract The aerial parts of wild Stachys recta L., Lamiaceae, collected in the vicinity of Nis (Southern Serbia) during the full blooming stage, contained only 0.014% of essential oil. Using GC and GC/MS, 32 components were identified, predominantly alcohols and adequate oxides. The major constituent was 1-octen-3-ol (19.7%). The other important components were caryophyllene oxide, humulene oxide and nerolidol, but present in significantly lower amounts (4.6%, 3.8% and 3.6%, respectively).

Composition of the Essential Oil of Nepeta rtanjensis Diklic et Milojevic, Lamiaceae from Serbia

Abstract The essential oil from the aerial parts of Nepeta rtanjensis Diklic et Milojevic, Lamiaceae was obtained by steam distillation of the herb, collected in full blooming stage, with an average yield of 0.3%. Nineteen constituents (95-0% of the total oil) were identified by mass spectrometry. The principal one was 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalac-tone (86.4%), along with 2-methoxy-p-cresol (1.5%), α-pinene (1.4%) and 1,4-dimethyl-benzene (1.0%). All the others were present in quantities below 1%.

Essential Oil of Hyssopus officinalis L., Lamiaceae of Montenegro Origin

ABSTRACT The essential oil was obtained (0.66%) from the aerial plant parts of wild Hyssopus officinalis L., which was collected around Petnjica (Montenegro). It was examined by a combination of GC and GC/MS. Fifty-seven constituents were found, of which the major ones were methyl eugenol (38.3%), limonene (37.4%) and β-pinene (9.6%).

Composition of Essential Oil of Artemisia campestris L. from Serbia

Abstract The essential oil yield from the aerial parts of A. campestris was 0.2% (mL/g dried plant). The oil was analyzed using GC and GC/MS and 38 compounds were identified. The principal components were sesquiterpene alcohols: spathulenol (9.2%) and 4-hydroxy-9-epi-β-caryophyllene (3.0%); and monoterpene hydrocarbons: β-pinene (9.1%), α-pinene (3.4%), limonene (2.5%) and germacrene D (3.3%).

Aromatic Plants of Yugoslavia. II. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Three Wild Achillea Species: A. clavenae L., A. collina Becker and A. lingulata W. et K.

Abstract Using GC/MS we examined the oils of Achillea clavenae, A. collina and A. lingulata. A. clavenae oil contained high levels of camphene (29.6%) and bornyl acetate (10.8%), A. collina was rich in 1,8-cineole (27.6%), chrysanthenone (8.5%) and camphor (9%), while A. lingulata contained borneol (20.3%) as the major constituent. Although these compounds occur in many varieties, their levels are characteristically high in these oils.