Manfred W. Ostrowski

Simulation of wastewater treatment plant within integrated urban wastewater models.

In the federal state of Hesse in Germany the application of an integrated software modelling framework is becoming part of the planning process to attain legal approval for the operation of combined sewer systems. The software allows for parallel simulation of flow and water quality routing in the sewer system and in receiving rivers. It combines existing pollution load model approaches with a simplified version of the River Water Quality Model No. 1 (RWQM1). Comprehensive simulation of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is not considered yet. The paper analyses alternatives for the implementation of a WWTP module to model activated sludge plants. For both primary and secondary clarifiers as well as for the activated sludge process concepts for the integration into the existing software framework were developed. The activated sludge concept which uses a linearized version of the well known ASM1 model is presented in detail.

Modeling Urban Hydrological Processes and Management Scenarios at Different Temporal and Spatial Scales

The impact of urbanisation on the hydrological cycle has been discussed for several decades. Urbanisation is frequently said to cause increasing flood peaks an…

ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS ON THE FORMATION OF FLASH FLOODS AND MEASURES FOR THEIR COMPENSATION

During the 1990s, frequent occurrences of disastrous floods throughout the world have motivated experts, journalists, politicians, citizens and others to identify reasons for the formation of these floods. Even among experts the reasoning seems fairly subjective at times. Often, under the actual impression of catastrophic damages, basic process understanding gets lost and is replaced by all kinds of irrational assignments of guilt and responsibilities. Some publications and media even suppose that such factors as urbanisation are more important than rainfall for the formation of rare flood events. Quite astonishing is the criticism uttered by individuals and representatives of communities hit by flood damages, even though they have settled, more or less consciously, in the areas endangered by high flood risk, e.g. on flood plains. Yet it has to be clearly remembered that except in few cases, floods are caused by extreme rainfall events. However, anthropogenic impacts related to land use have an influence on the intensity of flood discharge. It must be remembered that each flood event has its own set of causes, which can be categorised as anthropogenic and natural event dependent (meteorology) and event independent. In this paper, results of a model based sensitivity analysis will be presented with respect to quantifying these impacts on floods. The model structure provides an opportunity to consider anthropogenic impacts like land use changes and river training. Some control measures, which appeared suitable to compensate for the anthropogenic impacts, were applied in two case studies.

Integrating Better Stormwater Management Practices in Urban Stormwater Pollution Modeling

In Germany and elsewhere, discussion of alternative methods of urban stormwater management have led to the belief that an economically and ecologically sound c…

Performance and Comparison of BlueM.MPC and Lamatto

We compare the quality and generation performance of the optimal control sequence produced by the software frameworks BlueM.MPC and Lamatto.

Optimal Control of Sewer Networks Engineers View

This chapter introduces a software tool for MPC of sewer networks with a dynamic process model which is based on an interative approach. A flexible optimizer, which implements local and global optimization methods, is connected to a dynamic sewer network model to evaluate the objective function values. Numerical results for a simple urban drainage network are presented, illustrating the functionality of the approach.

Model Predictive Control with SWMM

Real time control (RTC) is particularly promising in large, flat and heterogeneous sewer systems with a high in-line storage volume. For the simulation of such…

Optimal Control of Sewer Networks Problem Description

This chapter gives an overview of optimal control of sewer networks with dynamic process models. After introducing the method of model predictive control (MPC) and its requirements for optimization and process modeling a focus is set on practical applications and the industrial viewpoint. An up-to-date sewer management system is introduced and used to illustrate industrial requirements and the mathematical challenges involved in it.

Combined Urban and Rural Models for Integrated River Basin Management

Traditionally, urban and rural hydrology consider rainfall runoff processes very differently. Usually they are modeled independently, and linked, if at all, by…

Urban Storm Water Drainage System in the Central Part of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia—Present State and Proposals for the Improvements

In Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, serious flooding occurs regularly. During the rainy seasons a larger part of the run-off is stored in the low-lying parts of the city around the Abiot square and the Addis Ababa stadium, blocking the traffic in this area. Additionally the area has serious flood problems caused by the Bantyiketu River.