Manuel Villaverde Cabral

Agrarian structures and recent rural movements in Portugal

This paper has been conceived in two distinct parts. In the first, I will analyse the main changes which have occurred within the Portuguese agrarian structures over the past 25 years. I will rely for that purpose on an examination of the otherwise poor data provided by the Population Censuses of 1950,1960 and 1970, and by the Agricultural Surveys of 1952–54 and 1968; I will also mention briefly some changes in the productive structures, along with a constant reference to the massive rural emigration from the late 1950s onwards; finally, in the course of these analyses, I will try to clarify some theoretical points related to the ways in which I see the incorporation of agriculture into capitalism taking place. The picture which will come out of this first part provides the background against which a variety of social movements occurred in the rural areas of Portugal after the overthrow of the dictatorship by the Army in 25 April 1974; the analysis of these movements is the purpose of the second part of t...

Efeito metropolitano e cultura política: novas modalidades de exercício da cidadania na metrópole de Lisboa

Since the early 1990s many authors have been talking about a disengagement from democracy. Actually, there is no popular disenchantment with democratic values, but with the performance of politicians and of the representative system. The author has been involved in a systematic research on the main dimensions of the concept of political citizenship as well as the objective and subjective obstacles to its full exercise. In this paper, the impact of metropolisation upon the whole set of issues involved in the exercise of civic and political rights is explored. The Portuguese capital, Lisbon, is thus studied in the perspective of the relationship between metropolis and political culture, in order to show whether there is a specific metropolitan effect on the individual exercise of citizenship.

Texto e imagem fotográfica no primeiro contra-discurso durante o Estado Novo: «As mulheres do meu país» de Maria Lamas

Este artigo apresenta, em primeiro lugar, o contexto politico e cultural do Estado Novo em que surgiu a obra em fasciculos abundantemente ilustrada de Maria Lamas, As Mulheres do meu Pais (1948), de forma a constituir-se como o primeiro livro a utilizar a fotografia impressa enquanto parte decisiva de um ‘contra-discurso’ perante a propaganda do regime. Na segunda parte, e analisado o percurso documental seguido pela autora atraves do trabalho feminino no Portugal da epoca, com enfase particular nos usos denotativo e conotativo da fotografia impressa na sua relacao com o texto.

A estética do nacionalismo: modernismo literário e autoritarismo político em Portugal no início do século XX

By means of an analysis of the writings of the Orfeu generation, the article shows the strong relation, established in the 1880s, between the modernization of Portuguese literary standards and the rise of nationalism, more specifically concerning the Republican movement in Portugal. It then summarizes and analyzes the political connotations of the modernist movement that followed the promulgation of the republican regime in 1910. It closes by approaching the growing traditionalism of the authoritarian regime in Portugal and the estrangement of the majority of avant-garde writers.