Marcelo Henrique da Silva

Manejo clínico de úlceras venosas na atenção primária à saúde

Objective: To discuss the clinical management of venous ulcers in primary health care, based on the vision of users who live with this afflic tion. Methods: This was a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study, conducted with 25 adult users in treatment in the Family Health Units. Data were collected in the second semester of 2008, using a structured instrument with questions of sociodemographic characteristics, type of cleaning, coverings, use of compression therapy, medication and prescribed guidelines. Results: Cleaning products are used that aggravate the granulation tissue, such as coverings with various substances, including sunflower oil and antibiotic ointments; the majority of users do not use measures to control edema. Conclusion: It is necessary to elaborate and adopt clinical protocols for the care of venous ulcers, as well as to provide ongoing education for health professionals.

Clinical management of venous ulcers in primary health care

Objective: To discuss the clinical management of venous ulcers in primary health care, based on the vision of users who live with this afflic tion. Methods: This was a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study, conducted with 25 adult users in treatment in the Family Health Units. Data were collected in the second semester of 2008, using a structured instrument with questions of sociodemographic characteristics, type of cleaning, coverings, use of compression therapy, medication and prescribed guidelines. Results: Cleaning products are used that aggravate the granulation tissue, such as coverings with various substances, including sunflower oil and antibiotic ointments; the majority of users do not use measures to control edema. Conclusion: It is necessary to elaborate and adopt clinical protocols for the care of venous ulcers, as well as to provide ongoing education for health professionals.

Licenciatura e bacharelado em enfermagem: experiências e expectativas de estudantes

Estudo de abordagem fenomenologica que objetivou compreender a experiencia do estudante que cursa a licenciatura e o bacharelado em enfermagem concomitantemente. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas com oito estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade publica do interior de Minas Gerais, tendo sido a analise compreensiva dos dados realizada a luz da fenomenologia social de Alfred Schutz. Os re-sultados mostraram que os estudantes observam uma desarticulacao entre as disciplinas pedagogicas e o bacharelado, entretanto consideraram que a licenciatura fornece subsidios para as acoes educativas em enfermagem. Tem ainda expectativas de atuar na educacao em saude e de tornarem-se docentes de enfermagem. Acerca do bacharelado e licenciatura em enfermagem, considera-se que se constituem em uma articulacao que promove ampliacao do conhecimento dos estudantes e gera expectativas relacionadas a atuacao profissional, todavia apresenta lacunas que precisam ser revistas pelos que atuam no ensino de enfermagem, contemplando as especificidades teorico-praticas exigidas na formacao do enfermeiro.This is a phenomenological study that aimed to understand the experience of the student enrolled in both the Bachelor and the teaching undergraduate degree in nursing at the same time. Interviews with eight nursing students from a public university of Minas Gerais, Brazil, were undertaken. Analyses were conducted based on the social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. Results showed that according to the pupils, there is no connection between the teaching courses and the Bachelor ones, but they also highlighted that the teaching degree helps educational activities in nursing. The students have interest in working with health education and to become nursing teachers. They also consider that the dual degree allows the expansion of knowledge and generates better expectations related to professional practice. However, it has gaps which need to be reviewed by those who work in nursing education, addressing the specific theoretical and practical needs of nursing students.

Understanding unsuccessful attempts to quit smoking: a social phenomenology approach

OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to understand the experience of smokers in view of unsuccessful attempts to quit smoking. METHOD This study is based on social phenomenology. Between November and December of 2014, nine interviews were conducted with people that had attempted to quit smoking. The content of these interviews was analyzed and discussed based on the related literature. RESULTS Unsuccessful attempts to quit smoking are related to tobacco addiction; cigarettes are seen as a support to cope with everyday stressful situations. Attempts to quit the smoking habits were based on the need of health improvement and insistence of family and friends. Smokers reported the use of habit cessation strategies learned in support groups, but they also express expectation of specialized psychological support. CONCLUSION The study points out the need to expand the strategies of approaching smokers, and reinforcing psychological support in order to achieve success in the attempt to quit smoking.OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to understand the experience of smokers in view of unsuccessful attempts to quit smoking. METHOD This study is based on social phenomenology. Between November and December of 2014, nine interviews were conducted with people that had attempted to quit smoking. The content of these interviews was analyzed and discussed based on the related literature. RESULTS Unsuccessful attempts to quit smoking are related to tobacco addiction; cigarettes are seen as a support to cope with everyday stressful situations. Attempts to quit the smoking habits were based on the need of health improvement and insistence of family and friends. Smokers reported the use of habit cessation strategies learned in support groups, but they also express expectation of specialized psychological support. CONCLUSION The study points out the need to expand the strategies of approaching smokers, and reinforcing psychological support in order to achieve success in the attempt to quit smoking.

Limits and possibilities experienced by nurses in the treatment of women with chronic venous ulcers.

Objective To understand the experiences and expectations of nurses in the treatment of women with chronic venous ulcers. Method Phenomenological research was based on Alfred Schütz, whose statements were obtained in January, 2012, through semi-structured interviews with seven nurses. Results The nurse reveals the difficulties presented by the woman in performing self-care, the perceived limitations in the treatment anchored in motivation, and the values and beliefs of women. It showed professional frustration because venous leg ulcer recurrence, lack of inputs, interdisciplinary work and training of nursing staff. There was an expected adherence to the treatment of women, and it emphasized the need for ongoing care, supported self-care and standard practices in treatment. Conclusion That treatment of chronic venous leg ulcers constitutes a challenge that requires collective investment, involving women, professionals, managers and health institutions.Objetivo Comprender las experiencias y expectativas de enfermeras en el tratamiento de mujeres con ulcera venosa cronica. Metodo Investigacion fenomenologica fundamentada en Alfred Schutz, que busco Se realizo entrevista semiestructurada con siete enfermeras, en enero del 2012. Resultados La enfermera revela dificultades presentadas por la mujer para realizar el autocuidado, percibe limitaciones en el tratamiento relacionadas con la desmotivacion, los valores y las creencias de las mujeres. Refiere frustracion profesional debido a la recidiva de la lesion, a la falta de insumos, al deficiente trabajo interdisciplinar y a la limitada capacitacion del equipo de enfermeras. Espera la adhesion de la mujer al tratamiento y resalta la necesidad del cuidado continuo, del autocuidado apoyado y de estandarizar conductas de tratamiento. Conclusion El tratamiento de la ulcera venosa cronica es un desafio que requiere contribucion colectiva, involucrando a las mujeres, a los profesionales, a los gestores y a las instituciones de salud.

Limites e possibilidades vivenciados por enfermeiras no tratamento de mulheres com úlcera venosa crônica

Objective To understand the experiences and expectations of nurses in the treatment of women with chronic venous ulcers. Method Phenomenological research was based on Alfred Schütz, whose statements were obtained in January, 2012, through semi-structured interviews with seven nurses. Results The nurse reveals the difficulties presented by the woman in performing self-care, the perceived limitations in the treatment anchored in motivation, and the values and beliefs of women. It showed professional frustration because venous leg ulcer recurrence, lack of inputs, interdisciplinary work and training of nursing staff. There was an expected adherence to the treatment of women, and it emphasized the need for ongoing care, supported self-care and standard practices in treatment. Conclusion That treatment of chronic venous leg ulcers constitutes a challenge that requires collective investment, involving women, professionals, managers and health institutions.Objetivo Comprender las experiencias y expectativas de enfermeras en el tratamiento de mujeres con ulcera venosa cronica. Metodo Investigacion fenomenologica fundamentada en Alfred Schutz, que busco Se realizo entrevista semiestructurada con siete enfermeras, en enero del 2012. Resultados La enfermera revela dificultades presentadas por la mujer para realizar el autocuidado, percibe limitaciones en el tratamiento relacionadas con la desmotivacion, los valores y las creencias de las mujeres. Refiere frustracion profesional debido a la recidiva de la lesion, a la falta de insumos, al deficiente trabajo interdisciplinar y a la limitada capacitacion del equipo de enfermeras. Espera la adhesion de la mujer al tratamiento y resalta la necesidad del cuidado continuo, del autocuidado apoyado y de estandarizar conductas de tratamiento. Conclusion El tratamiento de la ulcera venosa cronica es un desafio que requiere contribucion colectiva, involucrando a las mujeres, a los profesionales, a los gestores y a las instituciones de salud.

Manutenção da abstinência do tabaco por ex-fumantes: estudo fenomenológico

Objetivo: Compreender a vivencia de ex-fumantes acerca da manutencao da abstinencia do tabaco. Metodos: Pesquisa qualitativa que utilizou o referencial teorico-metodologico da Fenomenologia Social de Alfred Schutz. Realizou-se a entrevista fenomenologica em 2016, com 12 ex-fumantes de um municipio de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os depoimentos foram organizados em categorias e discutidos com base na literatura. Resultados: A manutencao da abstinencia do tabaco foi revelada nas categorias: “Ganhos na saude, sociabilidade e financas”; “Convivio com a vontade de fumar e com o aumento do peso corporeo”; “Autodeterminacao e utilizacao de estrategias substitutivas” e “Manter-se longe do cigarro”. Conclusoes: Estes resultados alertam os profissionais de saude para a necessidade de apoiar ex-fumantes a manter-se nesta condicao. Isso implica considerar alem dos efeitos negativos da abstinencia tabagica, o contexto social em que o ex-fumante esta inserido que podera influenciar na manutencao ou nao da abstinencia do cigarro. Palavras-chave: Tabaco. Abandono do habito de fumar. Abandono do uso de tabaco. Enfermagem. Pesquisa qualitativa.

Primary health care: the experience of nurses

OBJECTIVE to understand the meaning of nursing care in primary health care from the perspective of Chilean nurses. METHOD this was a qualitative study based on the social phenomenology of Alfred Schutz. Data was collected between January and April 2013, through interviews with 13 primary health care nurses in Chile. RESULTS the nurses perceived primary care as a gratifying experience, considering it an encounter of subjectivities. However, they felt burdened with multiple functions and by the hierarchical pressure to achieve targets. They strived to implement innovative care, expressed by the desire to go beyond traditional care practices, and improve the efficiency of management at the various levels of health care. CONCLUSION it is important to discuss the results of the present study in the context of health care and especially nursing education, with the goal of better preparing nurses who will deliver care at the primary health care level.Objective: to understand the meaning of nursing care in primary health care from the perspective of Chilean nurses. Method: this was a qualitative study based on the social phenomenology of Alfred Schutz. Data was collected between January and April 2013, through interviews with 13 primary health care nurses in Chile. Results: the nurses perceived primary care as a gratifying experience, considering it an encounter of subjectivities. However, they felt burdened with multiple functions and by the hierarchical pressure to achieve targets. They strived to implement innovative care, expressed by the desire to go beyond traditional care practices, and improve the effi ciency of management at the various levels of health care. Conclusion: it is important to discuss the results of the present study in the context of health care and especially nursing education, with the goal of better preparing nurses who will deliver care at the primary health care level. Descriptors: Primary Health Care; Nursing Care; Qualitative Research; Practical Nursing; Family Nurse Practitioners. RESUMO Objetivo: compreender o signifi cado atribuído aos cuidados de enfermagem na Atenção Básica de Saúde por enfermeiras chilenas. Método: pesquisa qualitativa baseada na fenomenologia social de Alfred Schutz. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e abril de 2013, por meio de entrevistas com 13 enfermeiras de unidades de Atenção Básica em uma cidade do Chile. Resultados: as enfermeiras percebem o cuidado prestado como uma experiência gratifi cante, considerando-o um encontro de subjetividades. No entanto, elas se sentem sobrecarregadas pelas múltiplas funções que realizam e pelas pressões hierárquicas para cumprir metas. Elas se esforçam para implementar cuidados inovadores que possam superar o cuidado tradicional e aumentar a efi ciência da gestão nos vários níveis de atenção à saúde. Conclusão: é importante discutir estes resultados no contexto da assistência e especialmente na formação, com o objetivo de melhorar a preparação de enfermeiros trabalhando nesse nível de atenção. Descritores: Atenção Básica na Saúde; Cuidado de Enfermagem; Pesquisa Qualitativa; Enfermagem Prática; Enfermeiras de Saúde da Família. El cuidado en la Atención Primaria de Salud: vivencia de las enfermeras Primary health care: the experience of nurses O cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde: a vivência de enfermeiras Claudete Aparecida Conz E-mail: clauenf@uol.com.br AUTOR CORRESPONDIENTE

Homosexual adolescents and their relations with relatives: a phenomenological study

Objetivo: compreender a vivencia de adolescentes homossexuais frente as relacoes com seus familiares. Metodo: pesquisa fundamentada na fenomenologia social de Alfred Schutz. Utilizou-se a entrevista com questoes abertas para obter depoimentos de 12 adolescentes homossexuais. Os dados foram organizados e analisados em categorias tematicas. Resultado: as relacoes de adolescentes homossexuais e seus familiares sao marcadas por conflitos desencadeados pela cultura heteronormativa, ratificada pelas instituicoes familiar e religiosa. Embora vivenciem rejeicao, preconceitos, coercao da liberdade, entre outros, estes adolescentes esperam ser respeitados em relacao a sua orientacao sexual e desejam a manutencao dos lacos familiares. Discussao: os conflitos vivenciados no ambiente familiar interferiram na expressao da homossexualidade do adolescente nesse espaco. Conclusao: os resultados deste estudo propiciam reflexoes voltadas a inclusao de adolescentes homossexuais nos cenarios sociais, considerando o respeito a diversidade afetivo-sexual.

O sofrimento psíquico no cotidiano de mulheres que vivenciaram a violência sexual: estudo fenomenológico

The daily lives of women after suffering sexual violence were permeated by mental distress, translated into fear. This impacted their mental health by limiting their daily lives, especially social activities (work, school, sentimental, and sexual relations). To overcome the consequences of sexual violence, women sought support from family and friends and reintegration into the labor market and course of studies.