Márcia Koja Breigeiron

Vulnerabilities of children admitted to a pediatric inpatient care unit

Resumo Objetivo Identificar as vulnerabilidades de criancas admitidas em unidade de internacao pediatrica de um hospital universitario. Metodos Estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado de abril a setembro de 2013. A amostra foi constituida por 136 criancas de 30 dias a 12 anos incompletos admitidas em unidades clinico-cirurgicas de internacao pediatrica de um hospital universitario, e seus responsaveis. Dados referentes ao contexto sociocultural, socioeconomico e clinico das criancas e suas familias foram coletados por entrevista com o responsavel da crianca e por prontuario dos pacientes, sendo analisados por estatistica descritiva. Resultados Do total da amostra, 97,1% (n=132) das criancas tinham pelo menos um tipo de vulnerabilidade, relacionadas, na sua maioria, ao nivel de escolaridade do responsavel da crianca, seguida por: situacao financeira do responsavel, historico de saude da crianca, situacao familiar do responsavel, uso de alcool, tabaco e drogas ilicitas pelo responsavel, condicoes de moradia da familia, nivel de escolaridade da crianca e vinculo do responsavel com a crianca. Apenas 2,9% (n=4) das criancas nao apresentaram criterios que as classificassem como pertencentes a um tipo de vulnerabilidade, conforme pesquisado. Conclusoes A maioria das criancas foi classificada com vulnerabilidade social. A criacao de redes de apoio entre o ambiente hospitalar e a atencao basica, promovendo a utilizacao de praticas direcionadas para as necessidades de cada crianca e sua familia, torna-se imperativa.OBJECTIVE: To identify the vulnerabilities of children admitted to a pediatric inpatient unit of a university hospital. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive study from April to September 2013 with36 children aged 30 days to 12 years old, admitted to medical-surgical pediatric inpatient units of a university hospital and their caregivers. Data concerning sociocultural, socioeconomic and clinical context of children and their families were collected by interview with the child caregiver and from patients, records, and analyzed by descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Of the total sample, 97.1% (n=132) of children had at least one type of vulnerability, the majority related to the caregivers level of education, followed by caregivers financial situation, health history of the child, caregivers family situation, use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs by the caregiver, familys living conditions, caregivers schooling, and bonding between the caregiver and the child. Only 2.9% (n=4) of the children did not show any criteria to be classified in a category of vulnerability. CONCLUSIONS: Most children were classified has having a social vulnerability. It is imperative to create networks of support between the hospital and the primary healthcare service to promote healthcare practices directed to the needs of the child and family.

Ganho de peso gestacional e estado nutricional do neonato : um estudo descritivo

The objective was to characterize puerperal women in relation to gestational weight gain and their newborns in accordance with the nutritional state at birth. This is a descriptive, quantitative and retrospective study approved by the Ethics Committee at the institution responsible. The collection of data was from December 2012 to May 2013. The sample was composed of 24 puerperal women and their children. The participants presented an average age of 26.5 (DP=5.4) years, 79.2% white; 91.7% married; 58.3% multiparous; 75% with a level of education between secondary school and higher education; 58.3% with a low family income; 54.1% presented an altered pre-gestational nutritional state and 75% obtained an inadequate gestational weight gain. 79.2% of the newborns were classified as Adequate for Gestational Age (AIG). The newborns classified as Large for Gestational Age (GIG) were from pregnant women that had excessive weight gain or were overweight. It was concluded that health professionals should be attentive to nutritional deviations with the intention of avoiding complications for maternal/fetal health.

Benefícios da modificação do estilo de vida na síndrome metabólica

INTRODUCTION: The main risk factors for hypertensive and ischemic cardiovascular disease of the metabolic syndrome (MS) can be favorably change by the life style (LS). OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effect of a lifestyle modification program (LMP) on cardiovascular risk factors of the Metabolic Syndrome (MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this clinical trial, 08 volunteers (05 women) with MS underwent a biweekly nutritional intervention and a physical exercise program, using a treadmill, at 65-75 % of maximum heart rate, during 30 minutes, three times a week. After tree mouths on LPM the data were compared using Students t-test. RESULTS: There was a dramatic reduction in systolic blood pressure (-7.5%), triglycerides (-6.7%) and high density lipoprotein (-8%). Moreover, there was a reduction in resting double product (-11%) and an increase in physical conditioning expressed by the workload in watts (29%), as well as in the oxygen consumption (24%). CONCLUSION: Until this moment, these results indicate that food habits change, associated to frequently physical exercise can reduce the triglycerides concentration as well as SBD and DP. Besides, since the relevance of the results obtained at the end of the program, we believe that the continuity of the activities proposed by this study can benefit other individuals with MS.

Signs and symptoms in Gaucher Disease: priority nursing diagnoses

OBJECTIVE Identify the signs and symptoms of patients with Gaucher Disease, inferring possible priority nursing diagnoses. METHOD Cross-sectional study, developed in a specialized laboratory, between 2013 and 2015. The sample (n = 91) comprised the records of patients with genetic diagnosis for Gaucher Disease. The study respected research norms. RESULTS Prevalence of female sex (57.1%), age at diagnosis between 0 and 10 years, and origin from the Southeast Region of Brazil were prevalent. Hematologic changes, bone pain, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and fatigue were the most recurrent signs and symptoms. The inferred diagnoses for the studied population were: Risk for bleeding; Fatigue; Chronic pain and Acute pain; Impaired physical mobility; Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements; and Risk for Developmental Delay. CONCLUSION The establishment of Priority Nursing Diagnoses based on signs and symptoms makes it possible to achieve expected outcomes for each individual in the care context.

Association between nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding and length of hospital stay of children

OBJECTIVE To verify the association between nutritional statuses, exclusive breastfeeding and the hospital stay of children. METHOD Cross-sectional study. Convenience sample of 146 children aged 1-48 months and their caregivers. Data were collected in paediatric units at a university hospital of southern Brazil from January to August 2012. Pearsons and Spearmans correlation coefficients were used for data analysis. RESULTS The children were classified as: eutrophic (71.9%), risk for overweight (13.0%) obese (6.2%); thin (4.1%); overweight (2.7%) and extremely thin (2.1%). Exclusive breastfeeding proved to be a protective factor for extremely thin (P = 0.029); and currently breastfeeding (P = 0.024) and previous breastfeeding (P = 0.000) were protective factors for overweight, risk for overweight and obese. The hospital stay was 3.29 ± 0.18 days. The stay was longer for the classifications overweight/obese and shorter for extremely thin/thin (P = 0.785). CONCLUSION Nutritional status and exclusive breastfeeding were not risk factors for a longer hospital stay in this sample.

Asociación entre estado nutricional, la lactancia materna exclusiva y el tiempo de hospitalización de los niños

OBJECTIVE To verify the association between nutritional statuses, exclusive breastfeeding and the hospital stay of children. METHOD Cross-sectional study. Convenience sample of 146 children aged 1-48 months and their caregivers. Data were collected in paediatric units at a university hospital of southern Brazil from January to August 2012. Pearsons and Spearmans correlation coefficients were used for data analysis. RESULTS The children were classified as: eutrophic (71.9%), risk for overweight (13.0%) obese (6.2%); thin (4.1%); overweight (2.7%) and extremely thin (2.1%). Exclusive breastfeeding proved to be a protective factor for extremely thin (P = 0.029); and currently breastfeeding (P = 0.024) and previous breastfeeding (P = 0.000) were protective factors for overweight, risk for overweight and obese. The hospital stay was 3.29 ± 0.18 days. The stay was longer for the classifications overweight/obese and shorter for extremely thin/thin (P = 0.785). CONCLUSION Nutritional status and exclusive breastfeeding were not risk factors for a longer hospital stay in this sample.

Associação entre estado nutricional, aleitamento materno exclusivo e tempo de internação hospitalar de crianças

OBJECTIVE To verify the association between nutritional statuses, exclusive breastfeeding and the hospital stay of children. METHOD Cross-sectional study. Convenience sample of 146 children aged 1-48 months and their caregivers. Data were collected in paediatric units at a university hospital of southern Brazil from January to August 2012. Pearsons and Spearmans correlation coefficients were used for data analysis. RESULTS The children were classified as: eutrophic (71.9%), risk for overweight (13.0%) obese (6.2%); thin (4.1%); overweight (2.7%) and extremely thin (2.1%). Exclusive breastfeeding proved to be a protective factor for extremely thin (P = 0.029); and currently breastfeeding (P = 0.024) and previous breastfeeding (P = 0.000) were protective factors for overweight, risk for overweight and obese. The hospital stay was 3.29 ± 0.18 days. The stay was longer for the classifications overweight/obese and shorter for extremely thin/thin (P = 0.785). CONCLUSION Nutritional status and exclusive breastfeeding were not risk factors for a longer hospital stay in this sample.

Gestational weight gain and nutritional state of the newborn: a descriptive study

The objective was to characterize puerperal women in relation to gestational weight gain and their newborns in accordance with the nutritional state at birth. This is a descriptive, quantitative and retrospective study approved by the Ethics Committee at the institution responsible. The collection of data was from December 2012 to May 2013. The sample was composed of 24 puerperal women and their children. The participants presented an average age of 26.5 (DP=5.4) years, 79.2% white; 91.7% married; 58.3% multiparous; 75% with a level of education between secondary school and higher education; 58.3% with a low family income; 54.1% presented an altered pre-gestational nutritional state and 75% obtained an inadequate gestational weight gain. 79.2% of the newborns were classified as Adequate for Gestational Age (AIG). The newborns classified as Large for Gestational Age (GIG) were from pregnant women that had excessive weight gain or were overweight. It was concluded that health professionals should be attentive to nutritional deviations with the intention of avoiding complications for maternal/fetal health.

Ganancia de peso gestacional y estado nutricional de neonatos: un estudio descriptivo

The objective was to characterize puerperal women in relation to gestational weight gain and their newborns in accordance with the nutritional state at birth. This is a descriptive, quantitative and retrospective study approved by the Ethics Committee at the institution responsible. The collection of data was from December 2012 to May 2013. The sample was composed of 24 puerperal women and their children. The participants presented an average age of 26.5 (DP=5.4) years, 79.2% white; 91.7% married; 58.3% multiparous; 75% with a level of education between secondary school and higher education; 58.3% with a low family income; 54.1% presented an altered pre-gestational nutritional state and 75% obtained an inadequate gestational weight gain. 79.2% of the newborns were classified as Adequate for Gestational Age (AIG). The newborns classified as Large for Gestational Age (GIG) were from pregnant women that had excessive weight gain or were overweight. It was concluded that health professionals should be attentive to nutritional deviations with the intention of avoiding complications for maternal/fetal health.