Marcos Henrique Fernandes

Qualidade de vida e fatores associados em idosos dependentes em uma cidade do interior do Nordeste

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of sociodemographic factors, health status, functional capacity and family dynamics on the quality of life of dependent elderly individuals living at home in a city in the hinterland of Northeast Brazil. METHODS: This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The sample was composed of 117 dependent elderly individuals, enrolled in the Family Health Units in the district of Jequiezinho in the city of Jequie, located in the hinterland of Bahia state. The data collection instruments used were the Family Apgar, WHOQOL-OLD, Barthels Index as well as socioeconomic and health status data. RESULTS: The chi-square (x2) test showed a statistical difference between compromised quality of life and family dynamics, with the exception of the autonomy domain (p = 0.061) of quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: It is evident that only compromised family dynamics has a negative influence on the quality of life of the functionally dependent elderly, given that the more compromised the family functionality, the worse the quality of life of these individuals.

Impact of the psychosocial aspects of work on the quality of life of teachers

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of psychosocial aspects on the quality of life of teachers from municipal schools in Natal, Brazil. METHOD descriptive study with a cross-sectional design and a sample of 242 elementary school teachers. We used the WHOQOL-bref to assess the quality of life as well as questions about the level of control and the psychological demand of work from the Job Content Questionnaire. RESULTS the overall evaluation of quality of life showed that the physical and environmental domains had the lowest mean scores. According to the psychosocial aspects, most of the subjects (67 individuals = 32.1%) were characterized as having active work (high demand and control), followed by 54 teachers (25.8%) with demanding work (high demand and little control). These two groups have shown to be more affected in the assessment of physical (p < 0.001), psychological (p < 0.001), and environment (p < 0.001) domains of quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Teachers who had tasks characterized as active and demanding were more affected in the quality of life domain. This finding suggests the need for greater investment in health-promotion policies among teachers.

Qualidade de vida de professores do ensino fundamental : uma perspectiva para a promoção da saúde do trabalhador

Quality of life is an important aspect of teacher health, since many tasks have been assigned to them as part of their daily work routine. OBJETIVE: To evaluate the quality of life of elementary school teachers in the city of Jequie, Brazil. METHODS: The research was carried out with a random sample consisting of 91 teachers who had responded to the generic (SF-36) quality of life questionnaire, which analyzes eight domains related to quality of life. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, which were expressed in means, frequency and standard deviation. RESULTS: All the areas of the SF-36 were compromised. The lowest scores were obtained for vitality (46.26) and pain (53), whereas and functional capacity (65.71) and emotionally-related limitations (62.63) recorded the highest values. CONCLUSIOn: The quality of life of this population was low, which may be influencing the health status of these individuals.

Fatores Associados à Prevalência de Sintomas Osteomusculares em Professores

Objetivo Determinar a prevalencia de sintomas osteomusculares nos professores da rede municipal de Natal/RN, verificando a existencia de associacao entre as variaveis socioeconomicas, ocupacionais e de saude com a presenca dessa sintomatologia. Materiais e Metodos Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com corte transversal, que teve como amostra 242 docentes da rede basica. Para a avaliacao dos sintomas osteomusculares foi utilizado o questionario Nordico. A analise estatistica utilizou inicialmente procedimentos descritivos e o teste de Qui-Quadrado, e numa segunda etapa a analise de regresso logistica multivariada, com nivel de significância de 5 %. Resultados A prevalencia da referida sintomatologia, considerando os ultimos 12 meses, foi de 93 % entre os investigados. Foi encontrada associacao estatisticamente significativa entre o sexo feminino (p=0,021) e pratica inadequada de atividade fisica (p=0,037) com a presenca de sintomas osteomusculares. Conclusao A sintomatologia em questao pode estar pode estar comprometendo a qualidade de vida e o estado de saude dos professores.

Fatores associados à qualidade de vida de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde

O objetivo do artigo e avaliar a associacao das deficiencias de ferro, vitamina A e zinco com o deficit de crescimento linear. Revisao sistematica nas bases de dados eletronicas PubMed, LILACS e SciELO. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre janeiro de 1995 e marco de 2010, considerando os descritores: (growth OR nutritional status) AND (child, preschool OR infant) AND (zinc AND iron AND vitamin A) OR (zinc AND iron) OR (zinc AND vitamin A) OR (iron AND vitamin A). Foram revisados 14 estudos de delineamento observacional. Dos estudos tipo coorte (dois), um indicou associacao estatistica entre o estado nutricional de ferro e o deficit de estatura; o outro apontou associacao estatistica entre as concentracoes de ferritina serica e o ganho de estatura. Dez estudos transversais investigaram a associacao estatistica entre as deficiencias de micronutrientes e o deficit de estatura, resultando tres deles na associacao para o ferro, dois para a vitamina A e nenhum para o zinco. O esclarecimento sobre a associacao entre o deficit de estatura e as deficiencias de ferro, vitamina A e zinco dificulta-se por fatores de carater biologico e relacionados a magnitude das deficiencias, o que sugere a importância da padronizacao metodologica dos estudos.Este estudo objetivou analisar a associacao dos fatores sociodemograficos, ocupacionais, comportamentos de risco e de saude com o comprometimento da qualidade de vida dos Agentes Comunitarios de Saude do municipio de Jequie, Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 316 individuos, no qual foi utilizado o WHOQOL-Bref para avaliar a qualidade de vida. Aplicou-se o modelo de regressao de Poisson, adotando o intervalo de confianca de 95%. As variaveis associadas ao maior comprometimento do dominio Fisico foram sexo, idade, dor e satisfacao com a saude; ao dominio Psicologico foram escolaridade, aspectos psicossociais, tabagismo, dor e satisfacao com a saude; ao dominio Relacoes Sociais foram sexo, situacao conjugal, escolaridade, aspectos psicossociais e satisfacao com a saude; ao dominio Meio Ambiente foram sexo, renda familiar, local de trabalho, aspectos psicossociais e satisfacao com a saude. Espera-se que esse estudo possa subsidiar o desenvolvimento de politicas publicas destinadas a melhoria das condicoes de vida e trabalho desse grupo de trabalhadores.

Capacidade funcional e fatores associados em idosos: estudo populacional

OBJETIVO: Analizar la asociacion del compromiso de la capacidad funcional con condiciones de salud y factores sociodemograficos y comportamentales entre ancianos residentes en una comunidad del interior del Noreste brasileno. METODOS: Estudio transversal de base poblacional realizado con 316 ancianos residentes en Lafaiete Coutinho-BA. La capacidad funcional fue evaluada por una escala jerarquica, verificando asociacion con condiciones de salud y factores sociodemograficos y comportamentales por la tecnica de regresion logistica multinomial. RESULTADOS: La dependencia en las atividades independentes de la vida diaria (AIVD) fue asociada al grupo etareo > 80 anos, uso de dos o mas medicamentos y compromiso cognitivo. La dependencia en las actividades basicas de la vida diaria y AIVD fue asociada al grupo etareo > 80 anos, falta de participacion en actividades religiosas, hospitalizacion en los ultimos 12 meses, compromiso cognitivo y sobrepeso. CONCLUSION: Hubo asociacion con compromiso de la capacidad funcional y condiciones de salud y factores sociodemograficos entre ancianos residentes en una comunidad del Noreste brasileno.Objective: To analyze the association of impaired functional capacity with health conditions and sociodemographic and behavioral factors among elderly residents in a community of northeastern Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study, conducted with 316 elderly residents in Lafaiete Coutinho-BA. Functional capacity was evaluated by hierarchical scaling, by verifying association with health conditions and sociodemographic and behavioral factors by the technique of multinomial logistic regression. Results: The dependence for independent activities of daily living (IADL) was associated with the age group ≥ 80 years, use of two or more medications and cognitive impairment. Dependency in basic activities of daily living and IADL was associated with those in the age group ≥ 80 years, with a lack of participation in religious activities, hospitalization in the past 12 months, cognitive impairment and who were overweight. Conclusion: There was an association with impaired functional capacity, health conditions and sociodemographic factors among elderly residents in a community in northeastern Brazil.

Fatores associados ao estado nutricional de idosos de duas regiões do Brasil

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association of nutritional status with sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and health status in elderly individuals from two cities in different regions of Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional epidemiological home-based study, involving 477 and 316 elderly individuals (> 60 years) from the towns of Antonio Carlos (AC-SC) and Lafaiete Coutinho (LC-BA), respectively. Nutritional status was verified using the body mass index (BMI). Explanatory variables in the study were gender, age, level of schooling, living arrangements, lifelong occupation, smoking status, alcohol consumption, time spent sitting, hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis, respiratory diseases, and medications. Logistic regression analyses were used (crude and adjusted). RESULTS: Underweight (BMI 27.0 kg/m2) was more prevalent among individuals from AC-SC (52.8% vs. 28.2%). In AC-SC, underweigth was positively associated with older age (> 75 years) and smoking, and inversely associated with longer periods spent sitting (> 6 hrs/day). Overweigth was positively associated with longer periods spent sitting, hypertension, and arthritis, and inversely associated with older age, male gender, working in rural areas, and alcohol consumption. In LC-BA, no explanatory variable was associated with underweigth. Overweigth was positively associated with hypertension, and inversely associated with individuals aged > 75 years, and with living alone. CONCLUSION: Underweigth was more prevalent in LC-BA and overweight was more prevalent in AC-SC. Factors associated with nutritional status are specific to each municipality.

Depressive symptoms and motor performance in the elderly: a population based study

BACKGROUND There is a growing incidence of depression in the elderly, and this impairment interferes directly in the reduction of motor skills. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the association between depressive symptoms and motor performance in community-dwelling elderly. METHOD This is a cross-sectional study that analyzed data from 316 elders of a home and population-based epidemiological survey. The information used was: socio-demographic characteristics; motor performance tests; physical activity; and Geriatric Depression Scale. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square, Spearman correlation and Poisson regression, with a confidence interval of 95%, were calculated. RESULTS For all motor tests, motor performance was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, regardless of gender, age, literacy and illiteracy, per capita income and physical activity. Elderly people with depressive symptoms have between 58% and 82% more functional limitation, depending on the motor performance test compared to those who were not depressed. CONCLUSIONS There is an inverse relationship between depressive symptoms and motor performance in the elderly.

Quedas e capacidade funcional em idosos longevos residentes em comunidade

The aim was to verify the association between falls and functional capacity in the oldest old dwelling in the community. This is a community-based cross-sectional study. The population was comprised of elderly citizens aged greater than 80 years, residing in the urban area of Lafaiete Coutinho, in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Data collection was carried out in January of 2011. It was based on home life, using a questionnaire capturing sociodemographic data, fall occurrences and functional capacity utilizing the Katz scale. Data analysis was done through Poisson regression, adopting a significance level of 5%. Ninety-four elderly citizens were interviewed, with an average age of 86.1 years (±6,39); 59.6% of the participants were female. The fall prevalence was 27. 7% and 19. 6% of the participants were classified as dependent for activities of daily living. A strong association was identified between falls and functional activities (RP=2.08; 1.17 - 3.70). Results showed a significantly higher proportion of falls among the functionally dependent oldest old than among the independent elderly. DESCRIPTORS: Accidental falls. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Activities of daily living.

Determinants of falls in community-dwelling elderly: hierarchical analysis.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the fall-related factors in community-dwelling elderly. DESIGN AND SAMPLE Epidemiologic cross-sectional population-based household study with hierarchical interrelationships among the potential risk factors. The sample was made up of noninstitutionalized individuals over age 60, who were resident of a city in Brazils Northeast Region. MEASURES The dependent variable was fall occurrence in the last 12 months; independent variables were sociodemographic, behavioral, health, and functional status factors. Multivariate hierarchical Poisson regression analysis was used based on a proposed theoretic model. RESULTS Three hundred and sixteen (89.0%) elderly participated of the survey, average age 74.2 years; the majority was female, with limited literacy and had low-medium family income. The fall prevalence was of 25.8%; occurrence was related to depression symptoms (PR = 1.55) and balance limitation (PR = 1.56). CONCLUSIONS The high fall prevalence among elderly necessitates the identification of fall-related factors for action planning prevention programs with this group.