Marcos Rodrigues Amorim Afonso

Caracterização físico-química e comportamento higroscópico de sapoti liofilizado

The sapodilla is a fruit considered exotic, as other fruits have high rates post-harvest losses. Dehydration by freeze drying demonstrates to be a good technique to take advantage of the excess of production offering to the consumer safety and stable products. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hygroscopic behavior, physicochemical and mineral composition of sapodilla powder obtained by freeze-drying using adsorption isotherms. The following analysis were performed: pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total, reducing and non-reducing sugar and moisture. The sapodilla powder, as a concentrated product, showed high levels of reducing sugars (9.67% - 36.09%), total soluble solids (15.67 to 65.50 o Brix) and ascorbic acid (8.45 to 9.84mg/100 g). The sapodilla powder showed to be a good source of minerals, mainly potassium and phosphorus. The adsorption isotherms were constructed adjusting experimental data to mathematical models of BET, GAB, Oswin and Henderson. The models of GAB and Oswin were more appropriate to fit the experimental data for the sapodilla powder with errors of 18.01% and 18.10% respectively, while BET model showed a higher error for this product.The sapodilla is a fruit considered exotic, as other fruits have high rates post-harvest losses. Dehydration by freeze drying demonstrates to be a good technique to take advantage of the excess of production offering to the consumer safety and stable products. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hygroscopic behavior, physicochemical and mineral composition of sapodilla powder obtained by freeze-drying using adsorption isotherms. The following analysis were performed: pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total, reducing and non-reducing sugar and moisture. The sapodilla powder, as a concentrated product, showed high levels of reducing sugars (9.67% 36.09%), total soluble solids (15.67 to 65.50 ° Brix) and ascorbic acid (8.45 to 9.84mg/100 g). The sapodilla powder showed to be a good source of minerals, mainly potassium and phosphorus. The adsorption isotherms were constructed adjusting experimental data to mathematical models of BET, GAB, Oswin and Henderson. The models of GAB and Oswin were more appropriate to fit the experimental data for the sapodilla powder with errors of 18.01% and 18.10% respectively, while BET model showed a higher error for this product.

The use of cashew apple residue as source of fiber in low fat hamburgers

The main purpose of this study was to produce hamburgers with partial substitution of the meat with cashew apple residue powder. The powder residue was obtained after the extraction of the pulp and dehydration in stove with air circulation. Three formulations of hamburgers with increasing concentration of the residue as well as a control sample were prepared. The formulated products with cashew apple residue powder presented lower humidity and proteins and 35% lipid reduction. However, there was an increase in carbohydrates and pH with the addition of the powder from the cashew apple residue. Some formulations showed an improvement of the final product yield. The total dietary fiber value was between 0 and 7.66%, with higher content of insoluble dietary fiber. The addition of up to 10.70% of the residue did not cause significant sensory changes in the flavor of the samples. The production of hamburgers with a partial substitution of cow meat with the cashew apple residue could be a feasible option since it resulted in product with high nutritional quality that is rich or have high dietary fiber content and is low in fat.

Comportamento das isotermas de adsorção do pó da polpa de manga liofilizada

The content of water and how it binds to food influence the quality and shelf life of fruit powder. The hygroscopic behavior of powder food can be evaluated by the study of moisture sorption isotherms. This study aimed to evaluate some mathematical models to represent the sorption isotherm of freeze-dried mango pulp powder and to evaluate physicochemically mango pulp and mango pulp powder. The analyses were moisture, pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and color. The models adjusted to data were BET, GAB, Henderson and Oswin models at 25, 30 and 35 °C. The GAB model showed the best fit. The GAB model showed mean errors of 4.092 to 5.175% and R2 values from 0.9986 to 0.9993 for the all temperatures. The isotherms of freeze-dried mango pulp showed characteristic shape of type III.

Obtenção de suco de caju atomizado através do controle das condições de secagem

Cashew juice is a product that is widely consumed in Brazil, mainly in northeast Brazil. Dehydrating this juice by spray-drying is an important alternative to use the production excess. Given the above, this study aimed to establishing the best spray-drying operational conditions to obtain the powder cashew, by means of a rotational center composite design. The physicochemical characterization of both the integral juice and the powder juice, obtained from the best operational conditions was also carried out. The experimental design used did not show any significant difference at 0.05 level of probability, which highlighted that the model was not adjusted to the data. However, it was possible to observe a qualitative optimum in the process. The main results for physical and physicochemical parameters for both the integral cashew juice and the powder juice, concerning humidity, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C were, respectively: 90.02-1.04%; 3.92-3.88%; 0.31- 0.40%; 10.60-98.67 oBrix; 1592.71-282.67 mg 100g-1.

AVALIAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E A SENSORIAL DE PÓ DE CAJÁ ATOMIZADO (Spondias mombin L.)

Dehydration is an important alternative to making the most of the use the surplus of production and take advantage of the seasonality of tropical fruits. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical composition of the yellow mombin pulp (Spondia mombin L.) powder, obtained by spray drying, and evaluate its sensory acceptance in the form of reconstituted juice. The physicochemical analyzes of the yellow mombin powder were: pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and moisture, with all results in accordance with the current legislation. The addition of maltodextrin in the process reduced the sensory analysis values (color, appearance, and taste). The tested formulations, (powders with 25 and 27.05% maltodextrin) preserved, and even favored the aroma. These formulations had the following values (7.66 and 7.68) higher than the values found for integral juice (6.60).

Physico chemical and hygroscopic behavior of sapodilla lyophilized

The sapodilla is a fruit considered exotic, as other fruits have high rates post-harvest losses. Dehydration by freeze drying demonstrates to be a good technique to take advantage of the excess of production offering to the consumer safety and stable products. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hygroscopic behavior, physicochemical and mineral composition of sapodilla powder obtained by freeze-drying using adsorption isotherms. The following analysis were performed: pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total, reducing and non-reducing sugar and moisture. The sapodilla powder, as a concentrated product, showed high levels of reducing sugars (9.67% - 36.09%), total soluble solids (15.67 to 65.50 o Brix) and ascorbic acid (8.45 to 9.84mg/100 g). The sapodilla powder showed to be a good source of minerals, mainly potassium and phosphorus. The adsorption isotherms were constructed adjusting experimental data to mathematical models of BET, GAB, Oswin and Henderson. The models of GAB and Oswin were more appropriate to fit the experimental data for the sapodilla powder with errors of 18.01% and 18.10% respectively, while BET model showed a higher error for this product.The sapodilla is a fruit considered exotic, as other fruits have high rates post-harvest losses. Dehydration by freeze drying demonstrates to be a good technique to take advantage of the excess of production offering to the consumer safety and stable products. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hygroscopic behavior, physicochemical and mineral composition of sapodilla powder obtained by freeze-drying using adsorption isotherms. The following analysis were performed: pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total, reducing and non-reducing sugar and moisture. The sapodilla powder, as a concentrated product, showed high levels of reducing sugars (9.67% 36.09%), total soluble solids (15.67 to 65.50 ° Brix) and ascorbic acid (8.45 to 9.84mg/100 g). The sapodilla powder showed to be a good source of minerals, mainly potassium and phosphorus. The adsorption isotherms were constructed adjusting experimental data to mathematical models of BET, GAB, Oswin and Henderson. The models of GAB and Oswin were more appropriate to fit the experimental data for the sapodilla powder with errors of 18.01% and 18.10% respectively, while BET model showed a higher error for this product.

Vida útil pós-colheita de goiaba cv. 'Paluma' submetida ao resfriamento rápido por ar forçado

RESUMO - Os metodos de resfriamento rapido pos-colheita sao tecnologias empregadas para preservacao de frutas e hortalicas, a fim de aumentar a vida util desses produtos. Neste trabalho, goiabas cv. ‘Paluma’ foram submetidas ao resfriamento rapido por ar forcado com o objetivo de avaliar as influencias do metodo sobre a vida util pos-colheita. Para a realizacao dos experimentos foi utilizado um delineamento composto central rotacional com a finalidade de avaliar as influencias do tempo entre colheita e inicio do resfriamento rapido e a area de abertura das embalagens sobre a vida util pos-colheita das frutas. Apos o resfriamento rapido, as goiabas foram armazenadas em temperatura de 8 ± 3 °C e umidade relativa de 90 ± 3%. A area de abertura das embalagens influenciou significativamente (p 0,05) da area de abertura das embalagens. O tempo entre a colheita e inicio do resfriamento rapido influenciou significativamente (p < 0,05) a vida util pos-colheita das frutas. A diminuicao do tempo entre a colheita e o inicio do resfriamento rapido aumentou a vida util pos-colheita. O menor tempo de espera, apos a colheita das goiabas, para inicio do resfriamento apresentou a maior vida util, obtendo notas consideradas baixas na avaliacao sensorial somente no 34o dia de armazenamento. Palavras-chave: Goiaba. Frutas-resfriamento. Frutas-armazenamento.

Comportamento reológico de néctares mistos de caju, manga e acerola descritos pelo Modelo de Casson Study of the rheological behaviour of mixed nectars of cashew apple, mango and acerola as described by the Casson Model

Summary The rheological behaviour approach to the study of fruit nectars has provided important information for the processing of these products, resulting in benefits for industry and hence for the consumer. In this paper, the rheological behaviour of mixed beverages based on cashew, mango and acerola fruits was studied at 8 °C and 25 °C. The experimental measurements were made using a rotating concentric cylinder rheometer and the results adjusted to fit the Casson model. The initial stress fitted the special cubic model at a temperature of 8 °C. At a temperature of 25 °C, it fitted the special cubic model for Casson’s plastic viscosity. An increase in the proportions of cashew apple, mango and acerola pulps resulted in an increase in Casson’s plastic viscosity and an increase in the amount of cashew apple pulp increased the initial stress. Key words: Nectar; Tropical fruits; Rheological analysis. Autores | Authors Larissa Morais Ribeiro da SILVA Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC) Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos (DTA) e-mail: larissamrs@yahoo.com.br

Comportamento higroscópico da polpa de graviola em pó obtida por secagem em spray dryer

Powdered products are characterized by their convenience and long shelf life; however, powdered fruit pulps are highly hygroscopic and tend to agglomerate due to their hydrophilic nature. The stability of fruit pulp powders can be studied by means of hygroscopic equilibrium isotherms. On the other hand, soursop pulp presents great economic and industrial potential and stands out from other pulps due to its excellent sensory attributes. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and hygroscopic characteristics of the powdered soursop pulp processed by spray drying, and evaluate its hygroscopic behaviour by analysing the adsorption isotherms by fitting the experimental data to the GAB, BET, Henderson and Oswin mathematical models at 25 °C, 30 °C, 35 °C and 40 °C. The results demonstrated that the soursop pulp powder was a good source of ascorbic acid, slightly hygroscopic and showed a lot of caking. The GAB model presented the best fit to the adsorption isotherms, with a coefficient of determination (R2) above 0.99 and mean errors (E) below 5%, presenting Type III behaviour, characteristic of sugar rich foods, and revealing that care should be taken when storing this product in environments with a relative humidity above 60%.

Avaliação dos parâmetros de secagem da polpa de graviola em pó obtida por secagem em spray dryer

Abstract Soursop pulp is a widely consumed product in Brazil and its dehydration by spray drying has been shown to be a relevant alternative for the exploitation of surplus production. Thus the objective of this research was to establish the best operational conditions to dry soursop pulp in a spray dryer to obtain the powder, using a central composite rotational design (CCRD), the independent variables being the maltodextrin concentration and the drying air temperature. Significant negative linear and quadratic effects ( p < 0.05) were found for the maltodextrin concentration and drying air temperature on the moisture content of the powdered soursop pulp. Although the model did not adjust to the hygroscopicity and yield parameters, the process conditions could be established using the means test. Considering the use of low temperatures and lower maltodextrin concentrations, the use of a drying temperature of 169 °C and 17% (w/w) of maltodextrin as the drying aid was recommended. The use of such conditions resulted in a product with low moisture content and water activity, classified as slightly hygroscopic, caking sensitive and that presents a microstructure with spherical shape, different sizes and smooth and uniform surface.