Maria de Lourdes Machado

Gender and Management in HEIs: Changing organisational and management structures

This paper reports on the second phase of a multi-country study examining cross cultural perspectives of gender and management in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). It examines the broader labour market context and legislative frameworks for higher education in each country and then analyses the literature on women in university management. The paper presents the findings of research with male and female senior managers about their perceptions of women as HEI managers within changing organisational and management structures. It concludes that although HEI’s are now largely aware of barriers to women getting into and on in senior management, they have not addressed the organisational structures and cultures that perpetuate this inequity.

Reframing the Non-University Sector in Europe: Convergence or Diversity?

This chapter is part of a book that provides a comprehensive discussion of the non-university higher education sector in Europe. Higher education throughout the world is facing rapid change and the book describes and offers critical comparisons between the systems in 10 European countries. Within this context, and within the framework of the Bologna Process, the authors examine the question of what diversity could emerge in the future. They suggest that under existing circumstances, the future of higher education, and particularly the non-university sub-system, is difficult to predict. They present an overview of structural models of higher education systems and non-university institutional types, and trends facing the non-university sector.

The Rise of the Administrative Estate in Portuguese Higher Education

This chapter analyses the development of the ‘Administrative Estate’ in Portuguese higher education institutions (HEIs) from 1974 to the present. The rise in the number and diversity of HEIs, the implementation of policies, growth in student numbers, the press for accountability, efficiency, effectiveness and Europeanisation have had marked impact on this body. How rapidly have the ranks of administrative staff grown compared with the Student and the Academic Estates? Many scholars claim bureaucratisation has developed in HEIs as a response to increased demands to show accountability. Bureaucratisation, some argue, has weakened the sense of autonomy and hints at a loss of influence by academia. Explanation for this is sought by reviewing the literature on the rise of the Administrative Estate at the institutional level. The jury is still out on whether reinforcement of that Estate brought about an improvement in the quality of services with which it has been entrusted.

Satisfação e motivação no trabalho: um estudo sobre os docentes do ensino superior em Portugal

Os academicos constituem um importante grupo nas Instituicoes de Ensino Superior (IES), dada a relevância do seu papel na prossecucao dos objetivos das instituicoes. A centralidade do papel do corpo docente faz dos academicos como que escultores da cultura institucional com implicacoes na qualidade da instituicao e no sucesso dos estudantes. Existem muitos fatores que contribuem para minar o empenho do pessoal docente para com as suas instituicoes e as suas carreiras. A satisfacao no trabalho e importante para a revitalizacao da motivacao dos docentes e para manter vivo o seu entusiasmo. Conhecem‑se varios estudos internacionais sobre este tema, contudo muito pouco e conhecido no contexto do ensino superior em Portugal. Este artigo refere‑se a um estudo em curso, financiado pela FCT, que incide sobre a satisfacao e motivacao do pessoal docente das IES em Portugal.

L’émigration portugaise qualifiée dans le contexte européen

Devant le renouvellement de l’emigration portugaise en Europe, une enquete realisee en 2014 fait le point sur les representations que les migrants portent sur leur propre parcours. La distinction de differents facteurs de repulsion pour leur pays d’origine et d’attraction pour le pays de destination permet d’esquisser les nouveaux visages des migrants portugais, plus qualifies que leurs predecesseurs, tres informes sur les perspectives professionnelles de mobilite. Envisageant leur depart davantage comme une experience de vie qu’une situation d’emigration, ils contribuent a redefinir les contours transnationaux de l’Europe contemporaine.

The decision to emigrate: a study from the perspective of dispositional plurality

This paper analyses the Portuguese high-skilled emigration, focusing on the emigration decision-making process. This article aims to understand the dispositions leading to this decision, and the social processes that explain its origin, sedimentation and activation. To this end, and using the theoretical and methodological approach of Bernard Lahire, 53 sociological portraits of skilled Portuguese who emigrated to other European countries are cross-sectional analyzed. This analysis is supplemented by data from a survey previously administered. Thus, we will address how the migratory dispositions are built through the individual biographies, highlighting the heuristic potential of the individual observation scale.Este artigo analisa a emigracao portuguesa qualificada, focando-se sobre a producao da decisao de emigrar. E seu objetivo compreender as disposicoes que conduzem a essa decisao, bem como os processos sociais que explicam a sua genese, sedimentacao e ativacao. Para isso, e recorrendo a proposta teorica e metodologica de Bernard Lahire, procede-se a analise transversal de 53 retratos sociologicos de portugueses qualificados que emigraram para outros paises europeus, complementada pelos dados de um inquerito administrado previamente. Deste modo, daremos conta da forma como as disposicoes migratorias se constroem atraves dos percursos biograficos, ressaltando as potencialidades heuristicas da escala individual de observacao.

A decisão de emigrar : um estudo a partir da perspetiva da pluralidade

This paper analyses the Portuguese high-skilled emigration, focusing on the emigration decision-making process. This article aims to understand the dispositions leading to this decision, and the social processes that explain its origin, sedimentation and activation. To this end, and using the theoretical and methodological approach of Bernard Lahire, 53 sociological portraits of skilled Portuguese who emigrated to other European countries are cross-sectional analyzed. This analysis is supplemented by data from a survey previously administered. Thus, we will address how the migratory dispositions are built through the individual biographies, highlighting the heuristic potential of the individual observation scale.Este artigo analisa a emigracao portuguesa qualificada, focando-se sobre a producao da decisao de emigrar. E seu objetivo compreender as disposicoes que conduzem a essa decisao, bem como os processos sociais que explicam a sua genese, sedimentacao e ativacao. Para isso, e recorrendo a proposta teorica e metodologica de Bernard Lahire, procede-se a analise transversal de 53 retratos sociologicos de portugueses qualificados que emigraram para outros paises europeus, complementada pelos dados de um inquerito administrado previamente. Deste modo, daremos conta da forma como as disposicoes migratorias se constroem atraves dos percursos biograficos, ressaltando as potencialidades heuristicas da escala individual de observacao.

A decisão de emigrar: um estudo a partir da perspetiva da pluralidade disposicional

This paper analyses the Portuguese high-skilled emigration, focusing on the emigration decision-making process. This article aims to understand the dispositions leading to this decision, and the social processes that explain its origin, sedimentation and activation. To this end, and using the theoretical and methodological approach of Bernard Lahire, 53 sociological portraits of skilled Portuguese who emigrated to other European countries are cross-sectional analyzed. This analysis is supplemented by data from a survey previously administered. Thus, we will address how the migratory dispositions are built through the individual biographies, highlighting the heuristic potential of the individual observation scale.Este artigo analisa a emigracao portuguesa qualificada, focando-se sobre a producao da decisao de emigrar. E seu objetivo compreender as disposicoes que conduzem a essa decisao, bem como os processos sociais que explicam a sua genese, sedimentacao e ativacao. Para isso, e recorrendo a proposta teorica e metodologica de Bernard Lahire, procede-se a analise transversal de 53 retratos sociologicos de portugueses qualificados que emigraram para outros paises europeus, complementada pelos dados de um inquerito administrado previamente. Deste modo, daremos conta da forma como as disposicoes migratorias se constroem atraves dos percursos biograficos, ressaltando as potencialidades heuristicas da escala individual de observacao.