Maria do Carmo Dias Bueno

Estimativa da população em unidades de conservação na Amazônia Legal brasileira: uma aplicação de grades regulares a partir da Contagem 2007

In this paper a method for increasing the resolution of census data is tested and presented, by aggregating the data onto a regular grid. The methodology consists of (1) the aggregation of households, represented by their geographical coordinates obtained by the 2007 Population Count, carried out by the Brazilian Census Office (IBGE) and, (2) the unbundling of the data by census tracts on the basis of proportionality. The grids obtained were used to estimate the resident population of 114 conservation units in Brazilian Legal Amazon, all of them instituted in or before 2006. The intention was to test this methodology on territorial units that follow neither the official political-administrative boundaries of states and cities, nor the boundaries designed by IBGE for collecting data. The methodology also contributes to the study of populations living in protected areas, due to the scarcity of population estimates in the conservation units. The results showed a population of 325,398 inhabitants in the selected units, 297,693 of whom were in units for Sustainable Use and 27,705 in Permanent Protection units. Adjoining areas have an estimated joint population of 1,020,237. Despite the limitations involved in using the 2007 Population Count, the aggregating of data into grids would seem to be a promising methodology in view of the improvements in IBGE’s use of geotechnology. The grid minimizes problems that come up in the use of administrative units or census data and may represent an approach that can be applied usefully in demography and other areas of knowledge.

Distribución de la población y cobertura de la tierra: el lugar de las Áreas Protegidas en Pará, Brasil en 2010

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la distribucion de la poblacion del estado de Para en Brasil a partir de informacion del Censo Demografico de 2010 asociada a datos de uso y cobertura de la tierra provenientes de TerraClass, dispuestos en una cuadricula estadistica. Se examina el papel que desempenan 113 Areas Protegidas, 46 Tierras Indigenas, 51 Unidades de Conservacion de Uso Sustentable y 16 Unidades de Conservacion de Proteccion Integral en el gradiente rural-urbano desde el punto de vista de la poblacion y en relacion con los usos y la cobertura de la tierra existentes en ellas. La informacion relativa a las Areas Protegidas, al uso y la cobertura de la tierra y los datos censales fueron incorporados a la cuadricula estadistica usando un Sistema de Informacion Geografica. La relacion espacial entre los estratos de informacion en la cuadricula indica que la poblacion del estado esta bastante concentrada, una tendencia que se reproduce en las Areas Protegidas (el coeficiente de Gini de la distribucion de las viviendas es superior a 0,9). Las Areas Protegidas se configuran como zonas menos pobladas y con mas forestacion que el resto del estado. A pesar de la presencia de extensas areas sin viviendas ocupadas y de la mayor extension de los bosques de Para (57%), se identifican en estas areas usos urbanos asociados a otros usos y coberturas de la tierra. Los resultados indican que las dinamicas de la poblacion y los cambios en los usos y la cobertura de la tierra estan relacionados de manera mas amplia, estimulando por lo tanto una reflexion mas integrada sobre la vinculacion entre la urbanizacion y estos cambios.The objective of this study is to analyze population distribution in the state of Para in Brazil using data from the2010 Population Census in association with the land use and land cover data from TerraClass arranged in a statistical grid. The role of 113 Protected Areas (including 46 Indigenous Lands, 51 Sustainable Use Conservation Units and 16 Integral Protection Conservation Units) is analyzed from the standpoint of their demographic rural-urban gradients and in terms of their land use cover. Information on the use and cover of land in Protected Areas along with census data were incorporated into a statistical grid using GIS. The spatial relationship of information layers in the cells indicates that the states population is highly concentrated in a few areas, a pattern that is reproduced to some extent in the Protected Areas (Gini coefficient for the distribution of households is higher than 0.9). The area of the Protected areas is less populated and retains a greater extension of forested areas, by comparison to the state. Despite having extensive segments devoid of occupied households and the largest expanse of forest coverage (57%) in the state, Protected Areas also have urban areas associated with other uses and land cover change. The results indicate that population dynamics and changes in the uses and covering of land are related in a broader manner, thereby suggesting the need for reflection on urbanization and changes in land use and land cover change within a more integrated approach.

Population distribution and land cover: the protected areas in Pará, Brazil in 2010

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la distribucion de la poblacion del estado de Para en Brasil a partir de informacion del Censo Demografico de 2010 asociada a datos de uso y cobertura de la tierra provenientes de TerraClass, dispuestos en una cuadricula estadistica. Se examina el papel que desempenan 113 Areas Protegidas, 46 Tierras Indigenas, 51 Unidades de Conservacion de Uso Sustentable y 16 Unidades de Conservacion de Proteccion Integral en el gradiente rural-urbano desde el punto de vista de la poblacion y en relacion con los usos y la cobertura de la tierra existentes en ellas. La informacion relativa a las Areas Protegidas, al uso y la cobertura de la tierra y los datos censales fueron incorporados a la cuadricula estadistica usando un Sistema de Informacion Geografica. La relacion espacial entre los estratos de informacion en la cuadricula indica que la poblacion del estado esta bastante concentrada, una tendencia que se reproduce en las Areas Protegidas (el coeficiente de Gini de la distribucion de las viviendas es superior a 0,9). Las Areas Protegidas se configuran como zonas menos pobladas y con mas forestacion que el resto del estado. A pesar de la presencia de extensas areas sin viviendas ocupadas y de la mayor extension de los bosques de Para (57%), se identifican en estas areas usos urbanos asociados a otros usos y coberturas de la tierra. Los resultados indican que las dinamicas de la poblacion y los cambios en los usos y la cobertura de la tierra estan relacionados de manera mas amplia, estimulando por lo tanto una reflexion mas integrada sobre la vinculacion entre la urbanizacion y estos cambios.The objective of this study is to analyze population distribution in the state of Para in Brazil using data from the2010 Population Census in association with the land use and land cover data from TerraClass arranged in a statistical grid. The role of 113 Protected Areas (including 46 Indigenous Lands, 51 Sustainable Use Conservation Units and 16 Integral Protection Conservation Units) is analyzed from the standpoint of their demographic rural-urban gradients and in terms of their land use cover. Information on the use and cover of land in Protected Areas along with census data were incorporated into a statistical grid using GIS. The spatial relationship of information layers in the cells indicates that the states population is highly concentrated in a few areas, a pattern that is reproduced to some extent in the Protected Areas (Gini coefficient for the distribution of households is higher than 0.9). The area of the Protected areas is less populated and retains a greater extension of forested areas, by comparison to the state. Despite having extensive segments devoid of occupied households and the largest expanse of forest coverage (57%) in the state, Protected Areas also have urban areas associated with other uses and land cover change. The results indicate that population dynamics and changes in the uses and covering of land are related in a broader manner, thereby suggesting the need for reflection on urbanization and changes in land use and land cover change within a more integrated approach.

Distribuição da população e cobertura da terra: o lugar das Áreas Protegidas no Pará, Brasil em 2010

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la distribucion de la poblacion del estado de Para en Brasil a partir de informacion del Censo Demografico de 2010 asociada a datos de uso y cobertura de la tierra provenientes de TerraClass, dispuestos en una cuadricula estadistica. Se examina el papel que desempenan 113 Areas Protegidas, 46 Tierras Indigenas, 51 Unidades de Conservacion de Uso Sustentable y 16 Unidades de Conservacion de Proteccion Integral en el gradiente rural-urbano desde el punto de vista de la poblacion y en relacion con los usos y la cobertura de la tierra existentes en ellas. La informacion relativa a las Areas Protegidas, al uso y la cobertura de la tierra y los datos censales fueron incorporados a la cuadricula estadistica usando un Sistema de Informacion Geografica. La relacion espacial entre los estratos de informacion en la cuadricula indica que la poblacion del estado esta bastante concentrada, una tendencia que se reproduce en las Areas Protegidas (el coeficiente de Gini de la distribucion de las viviendas es superior a 0,9). Las Areas Protegidas se configuran como zonas menos pobladas y con mas forestacion que el resto del estado. A pesar de la presencia de extensas areas sin viviendas ocupadas y de la mayor extension de los bosques de Para (57%), se identifican en estas areas usos urbanos asociados a otros usos y coberturas de la tierra. Los resultados indican que las dinamicas de la poblacion y los cambios en los usos y la cobertura de la tierra estan relacionados de manera mas amplia, estimulando por lo tanto una reflexion mas integrada sobre la vinculacion entre la urbanizacion y estos cambios.The objective of this study is to analyze population distribution in the state of Para in Brazil using data from the2010 Population Census in association with the land use and land cover data from TerraClass arranged in a statistical grid. The role of 113 Protected Areas (including 46 Indigenous Lands, 51 Sustainable Use Conservation Units and 16 Integral Protection Conservation Units) is analyzed from the standpoint of their demographic rural-urban gradients and in terms of their land use cover. Information on the use and cover of land in Protected Areas along with census data were incorporated into a statistical grid using GIS. The spatial relationship of information layers in the cells indicates that the states population is highly concentrated in a few areas, a pattern that is reproduced to some extent in the Protected Areas (Gini coefficient for the distribution of households is higher than 0.9). The area of the Protected areas is less populated and retains a greater extension of forested areas, by comparison to the state. Despite having extensive segments devoid of occupied households and the largest expanse of forest coverage (57%) in the state, Protected Areas also have urban areas associated with other uses and land cover change. The results indicate that population dynamics and changes in the uses and covering of land are related in a broader manner, thereby suggesting the need for reflection on urbanization and changes in land use and land cover change within a more integrated approach.

Water, sanitation and health: an intra-urban comparison in the municipality of Caraguatatuba, Brazil

The rapid urbanization of Latin America during the twentieth century resulted in poor sanitation conditions that exposed its population to significant health risks. One of the most important examples is outbreaks of dengue fever, a multifactoral disease resulting in part from unsanitary water. This work seeks to understand the possible interrelation between the distribution of environmental sanitation services, including water, and the distribution of dengue by comparing intra-urban areas in Caraguatatuba, Brazil, using GIS tools such as regular grids, cluster analysis, and the application of Moran’s index.

Population estimates in conservation units in the Brazilian Legal Amazon: an application of regular grids using the 2007 Population Count

In this paper a method for increasing the resolution of census data is tested and presented, by aggregating the data onto a regular grid. The methodology consists of (1) the aggregation of households, represented by their geographical coordinates obtained by the 2007 Population Count, carried out by the Brazilian Census Office (IBGE) and, (2) the unbundling of the data by census tracts on the basis of proportionality. The grids obtained were used to estimate the resident population of 114 conservation units in Brazilian Legal Amazon, all of them instituted in or before 2006. The intention was to test this methodology on territorial units that follow neither the official political-administrative boundaries of states and cities, nor the boundaries designed by IBGE for collecting data. The methodology also contributes to the study of populations living in protected areas, due to the scarcity of population estimates in the conservation units. The results showed a population of 325,398 inhabitants in the selected units, 297,693 of whom were in units for Sustainable Use and 27,705 in Permanent Protection units. Adjoining areas have an estimated joint population of 1,020,237. Despite the limitations involved in using the 2007 Population Count, the aggregating of data into grids would seem to be a promising methodology in view of the improvements in IBGE’s use of geotechnology. The grid minimizes problems that come up in the use of administrative units or census data and may represent an approach that can be applied usefully in demography and other areas of knowledge.

Estimación de la población en unidades de conservación en la Amazonia Legal brasileña: una aplicación de mallas regulares a partir del Conteo 2007

In this paper a method for increasing the resolution of census data is tested and presented, by aggregating the data onto a regular grid. The methodology consists of (1) the aggregation of households, represented by their geographical coordinates obtained by the 2007 Population Count, carried out by the Brazilian Census Office (IBGE) and, (2) the unbundling of the data by census tracts on the basis of proportionality. The grids obtained were used to estimate the resident population of 114 conservation units in Brazilian Legal Amazon, all of them instituted in or before 2006. The intention was to test this methodology on territorial units that follow neither the official political-administrative boundaries of states and cities, nor the boundaries designed by IBGE for collecting data. The methodology also contributes to the study of populations living in protected areas, due to the scarcity of population estimates in the conservation units. The results showed a population of 325,398 inhabitants in the selected units, 297,693 of whom were in units for Sustainable Use and 27,705 in Permanent Protection units. Adjoining areas have an estimated joint population of 1,020,237. Despite the limitations involved in using the 2007 Population Count, the aggregating of data into grids would seem to be a promising methodology in view of the improvements in IBGE’s use of geotechnology. The grid minimizes problems that come up in the use of administrative units or census data and may represent an approach that can be applied usefully in demography and other areas of knowledge.