Maria Isabel Pinto Coelho Gorini

EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE: UMA ESTRATÉGIA DE CUIDADO AO CUIDADOR LEIGO

Objetiva-se, com este artigo, tecer reflexoes acerca da importância da atuacao do enfermeiro por meio de estrategias de educacao em saude aos cuidadores leigos, atores fundamentais no processo saude/doenca. Trata-se de reflexao tematica, construida a partir de busca bibliografica, atraves da qual se discute o papel desses cuidadores nas diferentes etapas do ciclo vital. Tomando como base sua atual participacao no cenario brasileiro, buscam-se estrategias para inclui-los na assistencia de saude, tendo em vista a pouca relevância que as Politicas Publicas tem demonstrado a eles. Assim, o enfermeiro, como educador em saude, deve buscar oferecer subsidios aos cuidadores leigos para que escolham as alternativas disponiveis, durante a fase em que cuidam dos doentes, sem que essa funcao acarrete prejuizo a sua saude. Conclui-se que a educacao em saude pode ser alternativa para oferecer atencao aos cuidadores leigos, tendo o enfermeiro papel indispensavel no desenvolvimento de suas estrategias.This article aimed to reflect about the importance of the role nurses perform in strategies of health education to lay caregivers, who are important actors in the health/disease process. It is a thematic reflection, built through bibliographic review, which discusses the role of lay caregivers in different stages of the life cycle. Considering the participation of lay caregivers in the Brazilian reality, strategies have been sought to include them in the health care, given the little attention Public Policies have given to them. Therefore, the nurses as health educators, must offer support to the lay caregivers helping them to choose among available alternatives, while delivering care, to not harm their own health. Concluding, health education can be an alternative to offer attention to the lay caregivers, while the nurse has important role in the development of alternatives.

Caracterização de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2

This study has as its main objective the characterization of people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Type 2 who were registered in a Basic Health Unit. It is an observational, descriptive study with a sample of 125 people. The results presented, in most part, female people, between their 60 and 69 years old who receive from 1 to 2 minimum salary per month, hypertensive, dyslipidemic, overweight and/or obese, people who do not regularly practice any physical activity, with difficulty in following a right diet and with problems in dealing with the disease. It can be concluded that it is of great relevance the planning of Health Attention Programs for diabetic peoples, in the context of the community, with the incentive of the Health Education by the means of a multidisciplinary team.O estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar pessoas com Diabete Melittus (DM) Tipo 2, cadastrados em uma Unidade Basica de Saude. E um estudo observacional, descritivo, do tipo serie de casos, com uma amostra de 125 pessoas. Os resultados apresentaram, em sua maioria, pessoas do sexo feminino, na faixa etaria dos 60 aos 69 anos e que recebiam de 1 a 2 salarios minimos por mes, hipertensos, dislipidemicos, com sobrepeso e/ou obesidade, nao praticando atividade fisica regularmente, com dificuldade em seguir a dieta e em conviver com a doenca. Concluiu-se a importância de planejar Programas de Atencao a Saude voltada para pessoas diabeticas, no contexto comunitario, com o incentivo da Educacao em saude por meio de uma equipe multidisciplinar.

Health education: a strategy of care for the lay caregiver

Objetiva-se, com este artigo, tecer reflexoes acerca da importância da atuacao do enfermeiro por meio de estrategias de educacao em saude aos cuidadores leigos, atores fundamentais no processo saude/doenca. Trata-se de reflexao tematica, construida a partir de busca bibliografica, atraves da qual se discute o papel desses cuidadores nas diferentes etapas do ciclo vital. Tomando como base sua atual participacao no cenario brasileiro, buscam-se estrategias para inclui-los na assistencia de saude, tendo em vista a pouca relevância que as Politicas Publicas tem demonstrado a eles. Assim, o enfermeiro, como educador em saude, deve buscar oferecer subsidios aos cuidadores leigos para que escolham as alternativas disponiveis, durante a fase em que cuidam dos doentes, sem que essa funcao acarrete prejuizo a sua saude. Conclui-se que a educacao em saude pode ser alternativa para oferecer atencao aos cuidadores leigos, tendo o enfermeiro papel indispensavel no desenvolvimento de suas estrategias.This article aimed to reflect about the importance of the role nurses perform in strategies of health education to lay caregivers, who are important actors in the health/disease process. It is a thematic reflection, built through bibliographic review, which discusses the role of lay caregivers in different stages of the life cycle. Considering the participation of lay caregivers in the Brazilian reality, strategies have been sought to include them in the health care, given the little attention Public Policies have given to them. Therefore, the nurses as health educators, must offer support to the lay caregivers helping them to choose among available alternatives, while delivering care, to not harm their own health. Concluding, health education can be an alternative to offer attention to the lay caregivers, while the nurse has important role in the development of alternatives.

Qualidade de vida do paciente com câncer colorretal em quimioterapia ambulatorial

This is a cross-sectional study with a descriptive quantitative approach, which aimed to assess the quality of life (QOL) of patients with colorectal cancer receiving outpatient chemotherapy. The research was conducted in an Outpatient Chemotherapy Unit at a hospital in southern Brazil, whose patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and were treated with the 5-FU protocol. The sample had 48 participants who were undergoing chemotherapy for a period of six months. A questionnaire, the WHOQOL-Bref was used as an instrument. In the results, the age of 50 years or more with at least a month and a maximum of 11 months of treatment prevailed. The domains of the WHOQOL-Bref more significantly affected were the psychological and the social relations one, respectively, with significant differences in responses regarding overall QOL in those who were in the first cycle of treatment from those already in the 6th cycle.Trata-se de um estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa descritiva, no qual buscou-se avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) do paciente com câncer colorretal em quimioterapia ambulatorial. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma Unidade de Quimioterapia Ambulatorial em um hospital do sul do Brasil, cujos pacientes eram portadores do diagnostico de câncer colorretal e foram submetidos ao tratamento com o Protocolo 5FU. A amostra contou com 48 participantes que estavam em tratamento quimioterapico por um periodo de seis meses. Utilizou-se como instrumento um questionario, o WHOQOL-Bref. Nos resultados encontrados, prevaleceu a idade de 50 anos ou mais e possuiam no minimo um mes e no maximo 11 meses de tratamento. Os dominios do WHOQOL-Bref afetados mais significativamente foram o psicologico e o das relacoes sociais, respectivamente, havendo diferenca nas respostas quanto a QV geral naqueles que estavam no 1o ciclo de tratamento daqueles que ja se encontravam no 6o ciclo.

Validation of defining characteristics for the nursing diagnosis of fatigue in oncological patients.

Correspondencia: Maria Isabel Pinto Coelho Gorini Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Enfermagem. Rua Sao Manoel, 963, Campus Saude Bairro Rio Branco CEP: 90620-110, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil E-mail: gorini@terra.com.br Este estudio tiene como objetivo validar las caracteristicas definidoras del diagnostico de enfermeria fatiga en pacientes adultos oncologicos. Se trata de un estudio transversal y descriptivo, en una perspectiva cuantitativa, del tipo validacion de contenido diagnostico. La recoleccion de datos fue realizada en un Hospital Universitario. Compusieron la muestra 35 enfermeros peritos. Para la recoleccion de datos, se utilizo un instrumento subdividido en cuatro partes. Los datos fueron analizados por estadistica descriptiva. Se anadio las caracteristicas definidoras Interaccion Social Perjudicada. No se encontro principales indicadores. Fueron identificados 15 caracteristicas definidoras como indicadores secundarios. Con media ponderada inferior a 0.50, se excluyeron cuatro CD’s. La caracteristica definidora Interaccion Social Perjudicada, anadido a los descritos por la NANDA-I despues de la revision de la literatura, fue validada con media ponderada de 0.71. Se concluyo que la subjetividad de las caracteristicas definidoras del diagnostico de enfermeria fatiga y la dificultad de los profesionales en reconocerlos influencio en la identificacion de este diagnostico.The objective of this study was to validate the defining characteristics for the nursing diagnosis of Fatigue in adult oncological patients. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative perspective, and its type is diagnostic content validation. Data collection was carried out in a University Hospital. The sample was made up of 35 expert nurses. The instrument used was subdivided into four parts. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics. 15 defining characteristics were identified, considered secondary indicators. With an average weighting of less than 0.50, four defining characteristics were excluded. The defining characteristic Impaired social interaction, added to those described by NANDA-I after review of the literature, was validated with a weighted average of 0.71. It was concluded that the subjectivity of the defining characteristics and the difficulty nurses have in recognizing them influence the identification of this diagnosis.

Registro do diagnóstico de enfermagem fadiga em prontuários de pacientes oncológicos

Objective: To identify the health records of the diagnosis of fatigue (FD) registered by nurses, to define the characteristics of this FD and, to verify the nursing interventions, in the health records of patients with cancer, admitted into hospitals. Methods: Is a retrospective crosssectional study. The data collection was performed in 107 health records of patients with medical diagnosis of cancer, from August to December 2007. Results: It was found that the diagnosis of fatigue represented 0.9%, despite that in the daily developments recorded by the nurses, it was found the defining characteristics of fatigue in 15.9% of the patients. Conclusion: Despite identifying the defining characteristics (signs and symptoms), the nurses did not establish the fatigue diagnosis. For this reason, doubts appeared about the adequacy of the defining characteristics of this diagnosis. Further studies, on this subject, should be made to improve the nursing care of cancer patients.

Educación en salud: una estrategia de cuidado al cuidador lego

Objetiva-se, com este artigo, tecer reflexoes acerca da importância da atuacao do enfermeiro por meio de estrategias de educacao em saude aos cuidadores leigos, atores fundamentais no processo saude/doenca. Trata-se de reflexao tematica, construida a partir de busca bibliografica, atraves da qual se discute o papel desses cuidadores nas diferentes etapas do ciclo vital. Tomando como base sua atual participacao no cenario brasileiro, buscam-se estrategias para inclui-los na assistencia de saude, tendo em vista a pouca relevância que as Politicas Publicas tem demonstrado a eles. Assim, o enfermeiro, como educador em saude, deve buscar oferecer subsidios aos cuidadores leigos para que escolham as alternativas disponiveis, durante a fase em que cuidam dos doentes, sem que essa funcao acarrete prejuizo a sua saude. Conclui-se que a educacao em saude pode ser alternativa para oferecer atencao aos cuidadores leigos, tendo o enfermeiro papel indispensavel no desenvolvimento de suas estrategias.This article aimed to reflect about the importance of the role nurses perform in strategies of health education to lay caregivers, who are important actors in the health/disease process. It is a thematic reflection, built through bibliographic review, which discusses the role of lay caregivers in different stages of the life cycle. Considering the participation of lay caregivers in the Brazilian reality, strategies have been sought to include them in the health care, given the little attention Public Policies have given to them. Therefore, the nurses as health educators, must offer support to the lay caregivers helping them to choose among available alternatives, while delivering care, to not harm their own health. Concluding, health education can be an alternative to offer attention to the lay caregivers, while the nurse has important role in the development of alternatives.

Validação das características definidoras do diagnóstico de Enfermagem: fadiga no paciente oncológico

Correspondencia: Maria Isabel Pinto Coelho Gorini Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Enfermagem. Rua Sao Manoel, 963, Campus Saude Bairro Rio Branco CEP: 90620-110, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil E-mail: gorini@terra.com.br Este estudio tiene como objetivo validar las caracteristicas definidoras del diagnostico de enfermeria fatiga en pacientes adultos oncologicos. Se trata de un estudio transversal y descriptivo, en una perspectiva cuantitativa, del tipo validacion de contenido diagnostico. La recoleccion de datos fue realizada en un Hospital Universitario. Compusieron la muestra 35 enfermeros peritos. Para la recoleccion de datos, se utilizo un instrumento subdividido en cuatro partes. Los datos fueron analizados por estadistica descriptiva. Se anadio las caracteristicas definidoras Interaccion Social Perjudicada. No se encontro principales indicadores. Fueron identificados 15 caracteristicas definidoras como indicadores secundarios. Con media ponderada inferior a 0.50, se excluyeron cuatro CD’s. La caracteristica definidora Interaccion Social Perjudicada, anadido a los descritos por la NANDA-I despues de la revision de la literatura, fue validada con media ponderada de 0.71. Se concluyo que la subjetividad de las caracteristicas definidoras del diagnostico de enfermeria fatiga y la dificultad de los profesionales en reconocerlos influencio en la identificacion de este diagnostico.The objective of this study was to validate the defining characteristics for the nursing diagnosis of Fatigue in adult oncological patients. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative perspective, and its type is diagnostic content validation. Data collection was carried out in a University Hospital. The sample was made up of 35 expert nurses. The instrument used was subdivided into four parts. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics. 15 defining characteristics were identified, considered secondary indicators. With an average weighting of less than 0.50, four defining characteristics were excluded. The defining characteristic Impaired social interaction, added to those described by NANDA-I after review of the literature, was validated with a weighted average of 0.71. It was concluded that the subjectivity of the defining characteristics and the difficulty nurses have in recognizing them influence the identification of this diagnosis.

Fatigue of the Patient with Cancer: a systematic review

Cancer is one of the most prevailing chronic diseases in Brazil and in the world. However, the utilized treatments may develop numberless collateral effects. Since the last decade, the symptom of fatigue has been associated directly with cancer and its treatments and has become the object of study in this field. This systematic review was elaborated with the objective of analyzing scientific articles about the fatigue of patients with cancer in the years between 2002 and 2006, in connection with nursing and through the descriptors fatigue, cancer and nursing from the data base of MEDLINE, LILACS and BDENF. This study sampled 27 articles whose authors counted on one nurse at least. The analysis comprised types of cancer and of treatment, the use of scales for measuring fatigue, the methodology, outline of the study, the place and the publication periodical. The results of this study point out to the need of improving the knowledge about fatigue considering that it is a subject still little known by health professionals; it also evidences the need of availing such knowledge and of giving continuity to further investigations in order to clear up better the results of the interventions and to lead to softening such debilitating symptom.

Alterations in the way of living of elderly people with cancer

Due to the new breakthroughs on health and the population aging, it has become important carrying out studies on the field of oncology. This research is of the case study type and qualitative character with the general objective of identifying the alterations in the way of living of elderly people with cancer in their domicile. Visits were made to fifteen elderly with cancer in their domicile when the semi-structured interview was utilized. The following categories have arisen: “Experiencing the Disease”, “Perception of the Elderly about the Disease”, “The Impact of the Diagnosis” and “Alterations in the Way of Living”, related to their respective themes. Studies like this contribute for the construction of knowledge in the field of health education and can help the elderly with cancer and their families to manage their care. In the clinical practice, they will contribute to avoid further hospital admittances and, consequently, to improve the quality of life of the elderly.