Maria Sueli Marques Soares

Impact of ageing and drug consumption on oral health

The impact of ageing on oral health and salivary flow is usually over-estimated possibly because of the high frequency of polypharmacy observed in this subset of patients. Understanding the physiological changes and treatment-related oral complications of older patients is essential to promote accurate management of symptoms and improve their quality of life. The current paper reviews age-related physiological chances in salivary glands and the effect of polypharmacy on oral health, focusing on xerostomia and hyposalivation.

Flow rate, pH and calcium concentration of saliva of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Alterations in salivary parameters may increase the caries risk in diabetic children, but, contradictory data on this issue have been reported. The aims of this study were to compare salivary parameters (flow rate, pH and calcium concentration) between healthy and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) individuals. The sample consisted of 7- to 18-year-old individuals divided into two groups: 30 subjects with T1DM (group A) and 30 healthy control subjects (group B). Fasting glucose levels were determined. Unstimulated and stimulated saliva was collected. The pH of unstimulated saliva was measured with paper strips and an electrode. Calcium concentrations in stimulated saliva were determined with a selective electrode. Group A individuals had inadequate blood glucose control (HbA(1C) >9%), with means +/- SD unstimulated salivary flow rate of 0.15 +/- 0.1 mL/min compared to 0.36 +/- 0.2 mL/min for group B (P < 0.01). Stimulated salivary flow rate was similar by both groups and above 2.0 mL/min. Saliva pH was 6.0 +/- 0.8 for group A and significantly different from 7.0 +/- 0.6 for group B (P < 0.01). Salivary calcium was 14.7 +/- 8.1 mg/L for group A and significantly higher than 9.9 +/- 6.4 mg/L for group B (P < 0.01). Except for elevated calcium concentrations in saliva, salivary parameters favoring caries such as low saliva pH and unstimulated salivary flow rate were observed in T1DM individuals.

Osteonecrosis de los maxilares asociada a bifosfonatos: revisión sistemática

En los ultimos anos se ha descrito una nueva complicacion en la terapia con bifosfonatos: la osteonecrosis de los maxilares. Esta complicacion no habia sido detectada en los ensayos clinicos previos. En esta revision sistematica de 340 casos, los pacientes afectados presentan como diagnostico primario principalmente: mieloma multiple (51,2%), cancer de mama (31,4%), cancer de prostata (7,1%) y osteoporosis (4,1%). La mandibula resulta mas afectada que el maxilar, con el 59,1%. La relacion entre genero femenino y masculino es de 2:2,6. El pamidronato es el bifosfonato mas asociado a los casos de osteonecrosis (35,3%). Los factores de riesgos desencadenantes incluyen: exposicion a bifosfonatos, infecciones orales, traumas, procedimientos quirurgicos orales previos y terapias contra el cancer (quimioterapia, corticoides y otros agentes citostaticos). La alteracion en el equilibrio oseo, factores antiangiogenicos, inhibicion en el ciclo celular de los queratinocitos y mecanismos osteoliticos generados en la infeccion podrian explicar la etiopatogenia en el desarrollo de esta complicacion.

Hepatite B: Conhecimento e Prática dos Alunos de Odontologia da UFPB

Resumen pt: Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento e praticas de alunos de odontologia da UFPB sobre a Hepatite B. Metodo: Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 197 estuda...

Factors associated with clinical characteristics and symptoms in a case series of oral lichen planus

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory disease whose etiopathogenesis is not completely understood. Several factors have been proposed in an attempt to explain the variety of clinical manifestations and periods of exacerbation and remission of symptoms of these lesions. The objective of this study was to associate local factors, systemic diseases, and level of anxiety with clinical characteristics of OLP.

Levantamento Epidemiológico dos Casos de Câncer de Boca em um Hospital de Referência em Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil

Resumen pt: Objetivo: Determinar dados epidemiologicos e analisar variaveis relacionadas ao paciente, ao tipo histologico, localizacao anatomica da lesao, habitos bu...

Queilite actínica: avaliação histopatológica de 44 casos

Objetivo:Descrever os aspectos epidemiologicos, clinicos e histopatologicos da queilite actinica.Material e metodo:Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo a partir de casos com diagnostico clinico de queilite actinica, registrados no arquivo histopatologico do Servico de Cirurgia de Cabeca e Pescoco do Hospital Napoleao Laureano, Paraiba, relativos ao periodo de 2000 a 2007. Foram selecionados 44 blocos parafinados, que apresentavam condicoes de reavaliacao histologica atraves da confeccao de novas lâminas. Os novos cortes foram corados em Hematoxilina e Eosina, e a avaliacao histopatologica foi realizada por dois examinadores independentes, sendo as alteracoes classificadas de acordo com OMS. Realizou-se analise estatistica descritiva em programa SPSS for Windows versao 13.Resultado:Do total da amostra, 52,3% (23) dos casos foram diagnosticados em homens e 47,7% (21) em mulheres, com idade variando de 27 a 92 anos. A maioria dos individuos (81,9%) tinha mais de 40 anos. Em relacao as caracteristicas histologicas, 68,2% (30) dos casos exibiram algum grau de displasia epitelial, sendo 36,3% (16) classificados como displasia leve, 20,4% (9) como displasia moderada e 11,3% (5), displasia severa. Em 15,9% (7), ocorreu carcinoma de celulas escamosas. No tecido epitelial de revestimento labial, os achados histologicos mais frequentes e identificados foram presenca de degeneracao hidropica (79,5%) e hipergranulose (56,8%). Infiltrado inflamatorio foi observado em 88,6% dos casos e elastose solar, em 86,4%.Conclusao:Com base nos resultados da amostra estudada, podemos concluir que a maioria das lesoes de queilite actinica acometeu labio inferior de homens, com mais de 40 anos de idade. A analise histopatologica revelou displasia e atipia celular, infiltrado inflamatorio e presenca de elastose solar, que sao caracteristicas comuns em lesoes de QA.

ESTOMATITE PROTÉTICA: PREVALÊNCIA E CORRELAÇÃO COM IDADE E GÊNERO

Objective: To determine the prevalence of denture stomatitis in denture users and to analyze associated factors. Material and Methods: The sample was collected from patients’ clinical records at the Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraiba, in the period 2008-2009. Were collected data on age, sex, type of dental prosthesis used and denture stomatitis diagnosis. Data obtained were processed into a statistical program, and it was employed a descriptive analysis and chi-square test, considering p less than 0.05. Results: Of 512 patients attended during the study period, 174 were dental prostheses users, from who 35% (61) had a diagnosis of denture stomatitis. This lesion was more frequent among women with 77% percentage, and 23% occurred in men. Patients’ ages ranged from 25 to 87 years, with 52.2 years average. The most affected age group was between 51 and 60 years. Regarding the type of prosthesis, 59% wore removable partial dentures and 42% total prosthesis. The denture stomatitis was significantly associated with age, gender and type of prosthesis used, for all variables (p=0.000). Conclusion: The results showed considerable prevalence of denture stomatitis among denture users and suggest that the occurrence of this pathology was influenced by age and female gender. DESCRIPTORS: Stomatitis. Dental Prosthesis. Candidiasis.

Oral symptoms and oral health in patients with chronic kidney disease

Objective Chronic kidney disease is characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function. The impact of this disease on oral health also presents controversial results. The aim of the study was to determine oral health conditions and oral symptoms of patients with Chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Methods A cross-sectional study on a population with chronic renal failure was performed. Anamnesis and oral examination, decayed, miss and filled teeth (DMFT) index, community periodontal index, simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) and gingival index were conducted. Data were processed using SPSS v.s. 20.0 using descriptive statistics and Fischer’s exact test and ANOVA test (p<0.05). Results 64.9% of all the individuals were male. The mean age was 50.7±14.8 years. 82.4% had symptoms oral while 44.6% had xerostomia and 31.1% dysgeusia. The mean DMFT was 20.49+8.68, the GI was low in 78.4% and the OHI-S was satisfactory in 73%; according to the community periodontal index, the presence of dental calculus occurred in 52.7%, periodontal pockets 41.9% and gingivitis 2.7%. There was a statistically significant association between xerostomia (p=0.017) and number of drugs consumed and between dysgeusia and OHI-S (p=0.011). Conclusion The results suggest that oral symptoms such as dry mouth and dysgeusia, are common in Chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Dental calculus and periodontal disease in Chronic kidney disease may be severe even if low amount of biofilm is present. It is important that dentists know the most prevalent oral symptoms in the patient with Chronic kidney disease, as well as knowing that the periodontal condition of this patient should be carefully supervised. Indexing terms: Chronic kidney disease. Hemodialysis. Oral Health. Xerostomia.

Condições Bucais em Pacientes com Líquen Plano Oral

Objetivo: Avaliar as condicoes bucais de pacientes com liquen plano oral (LPO), comparando com um grupo controle. Metodo: Foram selecionados 17 individuos portadores de LPO e 17 nao portadores de LPO, pareados em idade e sexo. Realizou-se exame clinico bucal em todos os pacientes e foram determinados os indices CPO-D, CPI, IHOS e ISG, e as taxas de fluxo salivar em repouso e estimulado. Realizou-se analise estatistica com testes qui-quadrado e de Mann-Whitney, considerando significante p<0,05. Resultados: Em ambos os grupo 82,4% dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino, a idade dos pacientes com LPO variou de 15 a 73 anos (media de 49±16 anos). No grupo LPO a media do CPO-D foi 4,18±4 e no controle foi 1,88±3,3. Quanto ao IHOS, no grupo LPO 64,7% tinha higiene oral satisfatoria e no controle 94,1%. O CPI evidenciou 70,6% doenca periodontal no grupo LPO e 41,1% no grupo controle. A media do fluxo salivar em repouso foi de 0,38±0,19 ml/min. e de 0,44±0,22 ml/min., no grupo LPO e controle, respectivamente. Houve diferenca estatisticamente significante nas medias do IHOS (p= 0,035), CPI (0,033) e CPO-D, (p= 0,033). Nao houve diferenca estatisticamente significante para o fluxo salivar em repouso (p=0,200), para o fluxo salivar estimulado (p=0,381) e ISG (p= 0,381). Conclusoes: Os pacientes com LPO apresentam piores condicoes bucais e funcao normal das glândulas salivares, quando comparado com individuos sem LPO. Ressaltamos a importância do controle de fatores bucais na evolucao das lesoes do LPO.