Rachel Reinaldo Arnaud

Punica granatum Linn. prevention of oral candidiasis in patients undergoing anticancer treatment

Introduction Oral candidiasis is considered one of the complications of antineoplastic therapy of head and neck. Studies show that herbal medicine has proven to be a promising alternative for the treatment of candidiasis. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the gel Punica granatum Linn. in the prevention of oral candidiasis in patients undergoing radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and adverse effects associated with its use. Material and method It was performed a clinical trial, double blind, in the period 2012-2013, with patients seen at a referral hospital for cancer treatment. The sample consisted of 17 patients who did not have signs nor symptoms of oral candidiasis. These patients were divided into two groups: experimental (n=11): composed of patients who used the gel Punica granatum Linn. 6.25% since the beginning of the anticancer treatment and completed a week after the end of the treatment regimen; control (n=6): for patients who used the gel Miconazol 2%, following the same guidelines of the previous group. Data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test and calculation of continuing Yates correction (p<0.05). Result There was no oral candidiasis in 63.6% of patients in the experimental group and in none of the control group patients. Conclusion Most patients who used the experimental gel showed no clinical signs of fungal infection, and there was no association of adverse effects.

Queilite actínica: avaliação histopatológica de 44 casos

Objetivo:Descrever os aspectos epidemiologicos, clinicos e histopatologicos da queilite actinica.Material e metodo:Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo a partir de casos com diagnostico clinico de queilite actinica, registrados no arquivo histopatologico do Servico de Cirurgia de Cabeca e Pescoco do Hospital Napoleao Laureano, Paraiba, relativos ao periodo de 2000 a 2007. Foram selecionados 44 blocos parafinados, que apresentavam condicoes de reavaliacao histologica atraves da confeccao de novas lâminas. Os novos cortes foram corados em Hematoxilina e Eosina, e a avaliacao histopatologica foi realizada por dois examinadores independentes, sendo as alteracoes classificadas de acordo com OMS. Realizou-se analise estatistica descritiva em programa SPSS for Windows versao 13.Resultado:Do total da amostra, 52,3% (23) dos casos foram diagnosticados em homens e 47,7% (21) em mulheres, com idade variando de 27 a 92 anos. A maioria dos individuos (81,9%) tinha mais de 40 anos. Em relacao as caracteristicas histologicas, 68,2% (30) dos casos exibiram algum grau de displasia epitelial, sendo 36,3% (16) classificados como displasia leve, 20,4% (9) como displasia moderada e 11,3% (5), displasia severa. Em 15,9% (7), ocorreu carcinoma de celulas escamosas. No tecido epitelial de revestimento labial, os achados histologicos mais frequentes e identificados foram presenca de degeneracao hidropica (79,5%) e hipergranulose (56,8%). Infiltrado inflamatorio foi observado em 88,6% dos casos e elastose solar, em 86,4%.Conclusao:Com base nos resultados da amostra estudada, podemos concluir que a maioria das lesoes de queilite actinica acometeu labio inferior de homens, com mais de 40 anos de idade. A analise histopatologica revelou displasia e atipia celular, infiltrado inflamatorio e presenca de elastose solar, que sao caracteristicas comuns em lesoes de QA.

ESTOMATITE PROTÉTICA: PREVALÊNCIA E CORRELAÇÃO COM IDADE E GÊNERO

Objective: To determine the prevalence of denture stomatitis in denture users and to analyze associated factors. Material and Methods: The sample was collected from patients’ clinical records at the Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraiba, in the period 2008-2009. Were collected data on age, sex, type of dental prosthesis used and denture stomatitis diagnosis. Data obtained were processed into a statistical program, and it was employed a descriptive analysis and chi-square test, considering p less than 0.05. Results: Of 512 patients attended during the study period, 174 were dental prostheses users, from who 35% (61) had a diagnosis of denture stomatitis. This lesion was more frequent among women with 77% percentage, and 23% occurred in men. Patients’ ages ranged from 25 to 87 years, with 52.2 years average. The most affected age group was between 51 and 60 years. Regarding the type of prosthesis, 59% wore removable partial dentures and 42% total prosthesis. The denture stomatitis was significantly associated with age, gender and type of prosthesis used, for all variables (p=0.000). Conclusion: The results showed considerable prevalence of denture stomatitis among denture users and suggest that the occurrence of this pathology was influenced by age and female gender. DESCRIPTORS: Stomatitis. Dental Prosthesis. Candidiasis.

AVALIAÇÃO DAS NORMAS DE BIOSSEGURANÇA NAS CLÍNICAS ODONTOLÓGICAS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA PARAÍBA

Objective: To observe the implementation of biosafety norms in terms of physical structure in dental clinics of the Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, as well as to assess the knowledge degree of the cleaning staff. Material and methods: From October/2008 to February/2009 six dental clinics were assessed through a script with variables related to ergonomics and biosafety. Simultaneously, were made floor plans for those dental clinics under evaluation. The cleaning staff answered a questionnaire on the knowledge degree and working conditions from the point of view of biosafety. Results: There are deficiencies in the scheme of dental chairs and wash basins distribution, inadequacies in the ventilation system and the number of dental equipment exceeds the size of the clinics. Conclusion: The dental clinics surveyed did not obey to the standards for the construction of collective clinics and were in need of reassessment and changes in their infrastructure. It is also expected to provide guidance to dentists, architects and managers in the proper organization of the operative area, as well as to contribute to adoption of biosecurity measures by the cleaning staff. Descriptors: Biosafety. Ergonomics. Contamination.

Condições Bucais em Pacientes com Líquen Plano Oral

Objetivo: Avaliar as condicoes bucais de pacientes com liquen plano oral (LPO), comparando com um grupo controle. Metodo: Foram selecionados 17 individuos portadores de LPO e 17 nao portadores de LPO, pareados em idade e sexo. Realizou-se exame clinico bucal em todos os pacientes e foram determinados os indices CPO-D, CPI, IHOS e ISG, e as taxas de fluxo salivar em repouso e estimulado. Realizou-se analise estatistica com testes qui-quadrado e de Mann-Whitney, considerando significante p<0,05. Resultados: Em ambos os grupo 82,4% dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino, a idade dos pacientes com LPO variou de 15 a 73 anos (media de 49±16 anos). No grupo LPO a media do CPO-D foi 4,18±4 e no controle foi 1,88±3,3. Quanto ao IHOS, no grupo LPO 64,7% tinha higiene oral satisfatoria e no controle 94,1%. O CPI evidenciou 70,6% doenca periodontal no grupo LPO e 41,1% no grupo controle. A media do fluxo salivar em repouso foi de 0,38±0,19 ml/min. e de 0,44±0,22 ml/min., no grupo LPO e controle, respectivamente. Houve diferenca estatisticamente significante nas medias do IHOS (p= 0,035), CPI (0,033) e CPO-D, (p= 0,033). Nao houve diferenca estatisticamente significante para o fluxo salivar em repouso (p=0,200), para o fluxo salivar estimulado (p=0,381) e ISG (p= 0,381). Conclusoes: Os pacientes com LPO apresentam piores condicoes bucais e funcao normal das glândulas salivares, quando comparado com individuos sem LPO. Ressaltamos a importância do controle de fatores bucais na evolucao das lesoes do LPO.