Marli Terezinha Stein Backes

O papel profissional do enfermeiro no Sistema Único de Saúde: da saúde comunitária à estratégia de saúde da família

The scope of this paper is to take a retrospective look at the professional role of the nurse in the Brazilian Unified Health System and understand the meaning of their social practice in this field of discussions and theoretical-practical meanings. The Grounded Theory was used as a methodological reference and interviews were the technique for data collection, conducted between May and December of 2007, with 35 health professionals and others. The codification and data analysis revealed that the Unified Health System and especially the Family Health Strategy, should be considered facilitating and stimulating strategies of the process of expansion and consolidation of nursing care as a social entrepreneurial practice, since they pave the way to a new approach in community intervention, through seeing the human being as a multi-dimensional and singular being, inserted in a real and concrete context.

Desenvolvimento e validação de teoria fundamentada em dados sobre o ambiente de unidade de terapia intensiva

Resumen Qualitative study, merged from the issue: how the theories and models of nursing care have being constructed, focusing on the process of building a substantive theory based on the Thesis that had as objectives to comprehend the meaning of the environment of care in the Intensive Care Unit and to construct a theoretical model about it. The method used was the Grounded Theory. Thirtynine interviews were conducted with for ty-seven differentiated subjects from three Adult Intensive Care Units in Florianópolis/SC, Santa Maria/RS and Pelotas/RS between June of 2009 and September of 2010. It was possible to construct the theory “Sustaining life in the complex care environment of the Intensive Care Unit”, delimited by eight categories. Sustain life on the environment of care in the Intensive Care Unit means investing intensively in the care of patients admitted who are in an unstable situation, with the help of different technologies and skilled professionals who work in teams, coexists with relatives distressed, with stress and conflict, and the difficulty to deal with the death.

Promovendo a cidadania por meio do cuidado de enfermagem

This study is the result of the project: networks care and social entrepreneurship: the autonomy and social commitment of nurses. The purpose of this qualitative study is to comprehend the meaning of nursing care as a social enterprising practice. The Grounded Theory was used as a methodological reference and the interview, conducted with 35 participants as technique of data collection. Data codification led to the central theme: Viewing Nursing Care as a Social Enterprising Practice. This theme is complemented by the category, characterized the cause condition: the social integration through the creation a political identity that expresses your involvement. The results showed that is necessary to learn and have a deep dialogic knowledge. In order to consolidate popular participation as a citizenship ideal, a critical professional attitude, base don the combination of care with liberty, participation end autonomy.Estudo e fruto de um projeto de pesquisa intitulado: Redes de cuidado e empreendedorismo social: a autonomia e o compromisso social do enfermeiro. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que objetivou compreender o significado do cuidado de enfermagem como pratica social empreendedora. Utilizou-se como referencial metodologico a Grounded Theory e como tecnica de coleta de dados a entrevista, realizada com 35 participantes. A codificacao e analise dos dados conduziram ao tema central: Vislumbrando o cuidado de enfermagem como pratica social empreendedora. Esse fenomeno e complementado pela categoria, caracterizada como condicao causal: A insercao social por meio da construcao de uma identidade politica que expresse o seu envolvimento responsavel. Os resultados evidenciaram que e necessario conhecer e aprender profundamente o principio da dialogica. Para que a participacao popular se consolide como ideal de cidadania e necessario uma postura profissional critica, fundamentada na combinacao de cuidado com liberdade, participacao e autonomia.

O cuidado intensivo oferecido ao paciente no ambiente de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva

Resumen Este estudio cualitativo se basó en la pregunta: ¿Cómo funciona el cuidado intensivo ofrecido al paciente en el ambiente de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos? El ar tículo tuvo como objetivo comprender el cuidado intensivo ofrecido al paciente en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Adultos. El método utilizado fue la Grounded Theory. Se llevó a cabo 39 entrevistas con 47 personas de tres diferentes unidades de cuidados intensivos para adultos en Florianópolis/SC, Santa Maria/RS y Pelotas/RS, desde junio 2009 a septiembre de 2010. La teoría “Sosteniendo la vida en el complejo ambiente de cuidados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos”, fue delimitada por ocho categorías. En este ar tículo se centrará la categoría “Asistir y monitorear el paciente continuamente”. Se concluye que el cuidado intensivo requiere una atención integral a los pacientes, más allá de la atención técnica e incluye la dimensión física, emocional, espiritual y social del humano. Palabras clave: Cuidado de enfermería. Cuidados intensivos. Humanización de la asistencia. Relaciones profesional-paciente. Unidad de terapia intensiva. 1 Doutora em Enfermagem. Enfermeira do Hospital-Escola da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS. Brasil. E-mail: marli.backes@bol.com.br; 2 Doutora em Filosofia da Enfermagem. Enfermeira, Professora Titular do Depar tamento e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da UFSC. Pesquisador 1A do CNPq. Florianópolis-SC. Brasil. E-mail: alacoque@newsite.com.br; 3 Doutor em Enfermagem. Enfermeiro, Professor na Hochschule Osnabrück Fakultät Wirtschafts und Sozialwissenschaften, Osnabrück/Alemanha. E-mail: A.Bucher@hs-osnabrueck.de; 4 Doutora em Enfermagem. Enfermeira, Professora Titular do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Franciscana – UNIFRA, Santa Maria-RS. Brasil. E-mail: backesdirce@ig.com.br PESQUISA RESEARCH INVESTIGACIÓN This qualitative study was based on the question: How is the intensive care provided to patients in the environment of Intensive Care Units? The study’s objective was to understand how intensive care is provided to patients in the environment of Adult Intensive Care Units. Grounded Theory was the method used. A total of 39 interviews were held with 47 different subjects (patients, health professionals, managers, supporting service professionals, family members) from three Adult Intensive Care Units in Florianópolis/SC, Santa Maria/RS and Pelotas/RS, Brazil, between June 2009 and September 2010. The theory “Sustaining life in the complex care environment of intensive care units” was defined by eight categories, of which one will be focused on in this paper: “Continuously caring for and monitoring the patient”. We conclude that intensive care requires integral care, which goes beyond technical care and comprises the physical, emotional, spiritual and social dimensions of the human being.

Significado da atuação da equipe da Estratégia de Saúde da Família em uma comunidade socialmente vulnerável

This study sought to understand the meaning of the performance of a Family Health Strategy team in a socially vulnerable community. Grounded Data Theory was used as a methodological benchmark and the data collection technique consisted of interviews with twenty-five Family Health Strategy professionals between July and December of 2009. Data analysis revealed that the Family Health Strategy can be seen as a facilitator and stimulator of the process of expansion and consolidation of healthcare networks. They represent a new approach in community intervention, by viewing the human being as a multi-dimensional and singular being, inserted in his/her real context. A new assistential model is essentially being developed by the reorganization of healthcare practices, assisted by the multiplicity of complex relationships, interactions and associations that occur within the social and family context.

The meaning of healthy living in a socially vulnerable community in southern Brazil

OBJETIVO: Comprender el significado de vivir saludable para usuarios, profesionales y gestores de un equipo de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF). METODOS: Se trata de una investigacion de naturaleza cualitativa, basada en la grounded theory. Para la recoleccion de los datos se realizaron entrevistas a 25 participantes, entre ellos usuarios, profesionales y gestores de un equipo ESF, en el periodo comprendido entre marzo y diciembre de 2009. RESULTADOS: La recoleccion y analisis de los datos, conducida de forma sistematica y comparativa, evidenciaron que el vivir saludable deve ser caracterizado como un proceso auto-organizador, intermediado por la actuacion de los profesionales del equipo ESF, especialmente, por el agente comunitario de salud, por medio de la creacion de vinculos de confianza y estimulo a las interacciones y asociaciones comunitarias. CONCLUSION: El vivir saludable es un fenomeno singular, complejo, interactivo, asociativo, politico y social, conjugado por el involucramiento activo y participativo de los usuarios y por el compromiso efectivo y socialmente responsable de los profesionales, gestores y autoridades politicas instituidas.Objective: To understand the significance of healthy living for users, professionals and managers of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) team. Methods: Research of a qualitative nature, based on grounded theory. For data collection, interviews were conducted with 25 participants, including users, professionals and managers of a FHS team, during the period between March and December, 2009. Results: The collection and analysis of data was conducted in a systematic and comparative manner, demonstrating that healthy living can be characterized as a selforganizing process, mediated by the action of the FHS team professionals, especially by the community health agent, through creation of bonds of trust and stimulation of interactions and community associations. Conclusion: We concluded that healthy living is a singular phenomenon, complex, interactive, associative, political and social, coupled with the active involvement and participation of the users and by the engagement of effective and socially responsible professionals, managers and established political authorities.

A prática social sistêmica do enfermeiro na perspectiva luhmanniana

Se objetivo comprender el significado de la practica social del enfermero en la perspectiva luhmanniana, con el sentido de posibilitar un debate acerca de la construccion de un codigo especifico para el area, que vaya mas alla del tradicional codigo salud-enfermedad predominante en el sistema de salud, cuya comunicacion socialmente relevante es la enfermedad. Se utilizo como referencial metodologico la Grounded Theory y como tecnica de recoleccion de datos la entrevista, efectuada a 35 participantes entre mayo y diciembre de 2007. La codificacion y analisis de los datos permiten concluir en que apostar a la enfermeria como un sistema funcionalmente diferenciado, implica desarrollar un codigo binario que potencialice a la salud como comunicacion socialmente relevante, y al ser humano como a un ser social, insertado en una realidad compleja y multidimensional.The objective was to understand the meaning of the social practice of nurses in Luhmanns perspective and allow for a discussion about the construction of a specific code for nursing; one that would go beyond the traditional health-disease code prevalent in the health system, whose relevant social communication is the disease. The Grounded Theory was the methodological framework. Data collection was performed by interviewing the 35 participants between May and December 2007. Data coding and analysis resulted revealed that assuming that nursing is as a functionally differentiated system implies on developing a binary code to enhance health as socially relevant communication and human beings as social beings who are part of a complex and multidimensional reality.

Cuidado ecológico: o significado para profissionais de um hospital geral

Objecti ve: To understand the meaning of ecological care in view of complex thinking and how ecological care had been associated with the clinical practice of health care professionals from a general hospital. Methods: This was a qualitative descriptive study among 15 health care professionals working in the laundry, nutrition, or inpatient unit. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bardin’s recommendations guided the content analysis. Results: The following categories emerged: Meaning of ecological care, significance of ecological care for clinical practice, and preventive measures associated with ecological care. Conclusions: Although incipient, the findings suggest that there is a general concern regarding environmental issues. Even though some health care professionals stated the significance of hand washing and use of biodegradable products as preventive measures, the main concern was related to the separation, recycling, and disposal of trash.

Oficinas de espiritualidade: alternativa de cuidado para o tratamento integral de dependentes químicos

This is an experience report regarding crack users following detoxification treatment, which aimed to achieve a comprehensive treatment of human beings through spirituality workshops. Cultivated and created from the inspirations of the subjects themselves, the workshops are strategies capable of encouraging a revision of attitudes and behaviors, as well as to resume life based on new values and ideals. In abstract, the workshops aim to contribute towards broadening discussions on the theme, thus supporting the revision of nursing practice in regards to detoxification treatment, in addition to highlighting the need to conduct further studies in this field.This is an experience report regarding crack users following detoxification treatment, which aimed to achieve a comprehensive treatment of human beings through spirituality workshops. Cultivated and created from the inspirations of the subjects themselves, the workshops are strategies capable of encouraging a revision of attitudes and behaviors, as well as to resume life based on new values and ideals. In abstract, the workshops aim to contribute towards broadening discussions on the theme, thus supporting the revision of nursing practice in regards to detoxification treatment, in addition to highlighting the need to conduct further studies in this field.

Systemic social practice of nurses in luhmann's perspective

Se objetivo comprender el significado de la practica social del enfermero en la perspectiva luhmanniana, con el sentido de posibilitar un debate acerca de la construccion de un codigo especifico para el area, que vaya mas alla del tradicional codigo salud-enfermedad predominante en el sistema de salud, cuya comunicacion socialmente relevante es la enfermedad. Se utilizo como referencial metodologico la Grounded Theory y como tecnica de recoleccion de datos la entrevista, efectuada a 35 participantes entre mayo y diciembre de 2007. La codificacion y analisis de los datos permiten concluir en que apostar a la enfermeria como un sistema funcionalmente diferenciado, implica desarrollar un codigo binario que potencialice a la salud como comunicacion socialmente relevante, y al ser humano como a un ser social, insertado en una realidad compleja y multidimensional.The objective was to understand the meaning of the social practice of nurses in Luhmanns perspective and allow for a discussion about the construction of a specific code for nursing; one that would go beyond the traditional health-disease code prevalent in the health system, whose relevant social communication is the disease. The Grounded Theory was the methodological framework. Data collection was performed by interviewing the 35 participants between May and December 2007. Data coding and analysis resulted revealed that assuming that nursing is as a functionally differentiated system implies on developing a binary code to enhance health as socially relevant communication and human beings as social beings who are part of a complex and multidimensional reality.