Marli Villela Mamede

Complicações e intercorrências associadas ao edema de braço nos três primeiros meses pós mastectomia

Este estudio busco identificar complicaciones, intercurrencias y el aparecimiento del edema despues de la cirugia por cancer de mama y factores que pueden estar facilitando el aparecimiento del linfodema del brazo del lado operado. Es un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y de abordaje cuantitativa. La poblacion fue formada por 17 mujeres sometidas a cirugia unilateral por cancer de mama en un hospital escuela. La recoleccion de datos ocurrio a traves del seguimiento semanal de los sujetos, en los tres meses despues de la cirugia. El edema aparecio en 11 mujeres, siendo en nueve de grado leve y en dos de grado moderado. Es importante recordar que el edema leve podra tornarse grave si no es tratado. Se observo entre las mujeres con edema, complicaciones, intercurrencias y otras variables. Los resultados revelan la importancia del seguimiento de enfermeria en la fase posquirurgica y la necesidad de una mejor preparacion de los profesionales para la orientacion de pacientes con el objetivo de prevenir el linfodema.This study aimed at identifying complications, intercurrences and the appearance of edema following breast cancer surgery as well as factors that could predispose to arm lymphedema on the operated side. It is a descriptive and prospective study based on a quantitative approach. The subjects consisted of 17 women submitted to unilateral mastectomy in a University Hospital. Data were collected by means of a weekly post-operative follow-up of each patient for a period of three months. Edema was detected in 11 women, nine of wich were in mild level and two in moderate level. It must be emphasized that even mild-level edema could become severe if not treated appropriately. Among the women with edema, complications, intercurrences and other variables were observed. The results revealed the importance of nursing follow-up during the mastectomy post-operative period as well as the need for better staff training for patient guidance aiming at edema prevention.

A prática da atividade física em mulheres submetidas à cirurgia por câncer de mama: percepção de barreiras e benefícios

UNLABELLED The importance of post-mastectomy physical training lies in the prevention of joint limitation, lymphedema, postural alterations, muscle fibrosis or tissue adherence to the surgical area. OBJECTIVE To identify beliefs on physical training practice, perceptions of barriers and benefits in a group of mastectomized women, in accordance with the Health Beliefs Model. SAMPLE 30 women assisted at a specialized rehabilitation service for mastectomized women. PROCEDURE A questionnaire was applied with questions concerning knowledge and perceptions on physical training practice, as well as its benefits and barriers. CONCLUSIONS The studied group perceived a set of benefits, while the lack of willpower was the most mentioned obstacle; knowledge on the importance and need for physical training with the presence of a professional and family support were the most mentioned incentives.O exercicio fisico pos-mastectomia e importante para prevencao da limitacao articular, linfedema, alteracoes posturais, fibrose muscular ou aderencia tecidual da area cirurgica. Objetivo: identificar as crencas a respeito da pratica da atividade fisica, a percepcao sobre os beneficios e barreiras a sua realizacao por um grupo de mulheres submetidas a cirurgia por câncer de mama, segundo o Modelo de Crencas em Saude. Amostra: 30 mulheres atendidas num servico especializado em reabilitacao de mastectomizadas. Procedimento: aplicou-se um questionario contendo questoes relacionadas ao conhecimento e percepcoes sobre a pratica da atividade fisica, bem como aos beneficios e barreiras a sua realizacao. Conclusoes: o grupo estudado percebeu um conjunto de beneficios sendo a falta de forca de vontade a barreira mais mencionada, o conhecimento sobre a importância e a necessidade dos exercicios fisicos com a presenca de um profissional e o suporte dos familiares foram os incentivos mais referidos pelas mulheres estudadas.

Suporte social na reabilitação da mulher mastectomizada: o papel do parceiro sexual

This study identified the types of social support offered by the sexual partners of women with breast cancer and their perceptions about this support. Nine partners of women in this condition participated in the study. Data was collected through interviews and submitted to content analysis. Partners perceived themselves as important elements of social support to their wives, offering affection, stimulus to self-care and help with household chores. Difficulties faced in offering social support involved sexual relations, communication channels, the feeling of impotence and insecurity to deal with the implications of the diagnosis and to reorganize household chores.

A participação das mulheres com câncer de mama na escolha do tratamento: um direito a ser conquistado

The purpose of this study was to identify how women with breast cancer perceive themselves as subjects in the process of making decisions on their own treatment. Two objectives were pursued: (a) to identify social and political determinants that by affecting the socialization process of these women might have influenced them in adopting a style of participation and (b) to understand the meaning of such participation as it was perceived by these women at the time they decided on their treatment options. The theoretical-methodological support adopted was that of Symbolic Interactionism. The population sample included nine women with breast cancer. Semi-structured interviews allowed data to be gathered and led to collecting further field notes and data from medical records. The hermeneutic dialectic method was employed as a compass for data interpretation which made it possible to identify two broad theme units: construction of the female identity and style of participation when choosing ones own treatment. By means of these units it was possible to grasp what it meant for these women to deal with the issue of limits and therefore of ethics. In their view they did not participate in the decision-making process being regarded as unqualified to decide on the fate of their own bodies and lives. They were thus seen as obedient subjects in relation to medical decisions that are based on the principle of beneficence where health care delivery is dependent on hierarchical social relationships and power structures are present between classes genders and levels of knowledge. (authors)

A prática do aleitamento materno em um grupo de mulheres brasileiras: movimento de acomodaçäo e resistência

Actions to stimulate breastfeeding are directed to assist childrens needs and do not contemplate woman in her specificities The present study aimed at understanding the meanings women give to their experiences and demands in the practice of breastfeeding. 20 women that were experiencing breastfeeding for the first time were interviewed. Data analysis were based on the feminist theory. Authors found breast feeding as a feminine process socially determined. Women showed accomodation as they felt the act of breast feeding as donation, a sacrifice and dedication as well as resistance when they justified weaninng affirming the lack of physiological capacity for breastfeeding.Actions to stimulate breastfeeding are directed to assist childrens needs and do not contemplate woman in her specificities. The present study aimed at understanding the meanings women give to their experiences and demands in the practice of breastfeeding. 20 women that were experiencing breastfeeding for the first time were interviewed. Data analysis were based on the feminist theory. Authors found breast feeding as a feminine process socially determined. Women showed accommodation as they felt the act of breast feeding as donation, a sacrifice and dedication as well as resistance when they justified weaning affirming the lack of physiological capacity for breastfeeding.

Participação em grupo de apoio: experiência de mulheres com câncer de mama

The goal of the study was to understand the meaning of support groups in the life of women with breast cancer. It is a qualitative study with 30 mastectomized women who belonged to six support groups in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará. Data were collected with semi-structured interviews, organized and analyzed based on the interactionism concept. The results characterized the support groups as a mechanism to cope with the situation and to overcome the suffering derived from the diagnosis and treatment of the breast carcinoma. The socialization of the experiences facilitated the search for assistance in the support groups, since sharing the problems with mastectomized women was a way to preserve a high self-esteem, have faith and overcome some difficulties. Participating in the group provided well-being and a differentiated care, since it was considered a way to know, accept and understand the disease and its cure, facilitating the socialization of ideas.The goal of the study was to understand the meaning of support groups in the life of women with breast cancer. It is a qualitative study with 30 mastectomized women who belonged to six support groups in the city of Fortaleza, Ceara. Data were collected with semi-structured interviews, organized and analyzed based on the interactionism concept. The results characterized the support groups as a mechanism to cope with the situation and to overcome the suffering derived from the diagnosis and treatment of the breast carcinoma. The socialization of the experiences facilitated the search for assistance in the support groups, since sharing the problems with mastectomized women was a way to preserve a high self-esteem, have faith and overcome some difficulties. Participating in the group provided well-being and a differentiated care, since it was considered a way to know, accept and understand the disease and its cure, facilitating the socialization of ideas.

Assistência pré-natal: competências essenciais desempenhadas por enfermeiros

Pesquisa com objetivo de analisar as competencias essenciais desenvolvidas, na pratica, pelos enfermeiros que atuam na atencao ao pre-natal. Trata-se de estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em 16 unidades da rede basica de saude do municipio de Rio Branco-AC. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de observacao sistematica e nao participante. Dos enfermeiros que realizam a consulta pre-natal, apenas dois (11,76%) cursaram especializacao em obstetricia. Constatamos que a grande maioria das competencias essenciais esperadas na assistencia pre-natal foi desenvolvida; entretanto, algumas foram realizadas com baixa frequencia, ou seja, nao foram realizadas em todas as consultas. Os resultados revelaram que, apesar do bom desempenho dos enfermeiros, e pertinente avaliar a necessidade de esclarecimentos sobre a importância da incorporacao de protocolos assistenciais para a melhoria da qualidade dos servicos, a fim de alcancar um nivel otimo de competencia na atencao pre-natal.

Participating in a support group: experience lived by women with breast cancer

The goal of the study was to understand the meaning of support groups in the life of women with breast cancer. It is a qualitative study with 30 mastectomized women who belonged to six support groups in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará. Data were collected with semi-structured interviews, organized and analyzed based on the interactionism concept. The results characterized the support groups as a mechanism to cope with the situation and to overcome the suffering derived from the diagnosis and treatment of the breast carcinoma. The socialization of the experiences facilitated the search for assistance in the support groups, since sharing the problems with mastectomized women was a way to preserve a high self-esteem, have faith and overcome some difficulties. Participating in the group provided well-being and a differentiated care, since it was considered a way to know, accept and understand the disease and its cure, facilitating the socialization of ideas.The goal of the study was to understand the meaning of support groups in the life of women with breast cancer. It is a qualitative study with 30 mastectomized women who belonged to six support groups in the city of Fortaleza, Ceara. Data were collected with semi-structured interviews, organized and analyzed based on the interactionism concept. The results characterized the support groups as a mechanism to cope with the situation and to overcome the suffering derived from the diagnosis and treatment of the breast carcinoma. The socialization of the experiences facilitated the search for assistance in the support groups, since sharing the problems with mastectomized women was a way to preserve a high self-esteem, have faith and overcome some difficulties. Participating in the group provided well-being and a differentiated care, since it was considered a way to know, accept and understand the disease and its cure, facilitating the socialization of ideas.

ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DE IMPRESSÕES PLANTARES DE RECÉM-NASCIDOS

No presente estudo realizou-se a analise critica de 1.917 impressoes plantares (pe direito e esquerdo) de recem-nascidos e das impressoes digitais de suas maes. O criterio de analise classificava as impressoes digitais segundo a legibilidade dos elementos do sistema Vucetich. As impressoes plantares foram analisadas levando em consideracao as proposicoes de KAKUDA, NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF HE ALT e BEIGUELMAN. As impressoes plantares e digitais foram classificadas em: otima, boa, regular, borrao. Os resultados mostraram que oito (0,4%) das impressoes plantares de recem-nascidos nao foram colhidas e que 100,0% constitui-se de borroes e desses 9,5% apresentavam vestigio de cristas papilares. As impressoes digitais apresentaram melhor legibilidade, entretanto, em 191 (10,0%) deixaram de ser colhidas. A legibilidade das impressoes digitais apresentou a seguinte distribuicao: boa, 18,2%; regular, 38,9%, borrao, 33,0%. Concluiu-se que os dados obtidos nao propiciam subsidios a identificacao dos recem-nascidos daquele servico.

Assistência pré-natal: dificuldades vivenciadas pelas enfermeiras

This study aimed to identify the difficulties nurses experience at the start of their professional life in prenatal care activities. Data were collected through interviews with 25 nurses who accompanied prenatal care in the basic health network of Rio Branco-AC, Brazil and were grouped according to the frequency and level of difficulty they mentioned. We observed that nurses did not demonstrate difficulties in a series of important prenatal care activities at the start of their professional life. However, they reported different levels of difficulties in other activities. Furthermore, the participants pointed out difficulties in activities that require knowledge (knowing) as well as abilities (know-how). This study also indicated flaws in undergraduate formation with respect to prenatal care, involving theoretical aspects as well as exclusively practical activities.La finalidad de este estudio fue identificar las dificultades vividas por las enfermeras en el inicio de su vida profesional, en las actividades relacionadas con la atencion prenatal. Los datos fueron recopilados a traves de entrevistas con 25 enfermeras que acompanaban el prenatal en la red basica de salud del municipio de Rio Branco-AC, Brasil, y fueron agrupados segun la frecuencia y el grado de dificultad mencionado por ellas. Constatamos que las enfermeras no presentaron dificultades en una serie de actividades importantes en la atencion prenatal, en el inicio de su vida profesional. Sin embargo, relataron que enfrentaron dificultades en otras. Estas dificultades se mostraron como siendo de diferentes grados. Senalaron dificultades en actividades que exigen conocimientos (saber), y tambien en actividades que necesitan de habilidades (saber-hacer). El estudio todavia indico fallas en la formacion de pregrado respecto a la atencion al prenatal, tanto para aspectos teoricos como para actividades exclusivamente practicas.