Matilde Meire Miranda Cadete

Sociocultural aspects of schistosomiasis mansoni in an endemic area in Minas Gerais, Brazil

A study to determine the sociocultural factors influencing knowledge, attitudes, and practices of individuals from a small community toward Schistosoma mansoni infection was carried out in an endemic area in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study used qualitative approaches to collect data from school-aged children and teachers. Specific findings were that the individuals interviewed were aware of the disease, but also held inaccurate popular beliefs about transmission. Misconceptions coexisted with accurate knowledge both in children and teachers. The disease was not seen as a major health problem and does not affect their activities since it does not cause severe symptoms in most of the individuals. Although the majority of the participants relate transmission to water and lack of sanitation, they do not take any preventive measures since their subsistence is highly dependent on irrigation, farming, fishing, and other essential work that is directly related to water activities. The authors discuss the development of a health education program based on the knowledge and perception of individuals about the disease and its determinants as being important for the context and behavioral change.

Domestic water use in a rural village in Minas Gerais, Brazil, with an emphasis on spatial patterns, sharing of water, and factors in water use

This paper examines the relationship between domestic water use and socioeconomic, environmental, and spatial parameters at the household level in a small rural village in northern Minas Gerais State. Five methods are used - direct observation, household interviews, self-reporting by households, regression analysis, and statistical mapping. Results show that water use is characterized by 1) generally low but widely fluctuating values per person per day, 2) sharing of water sources between households, 3) the use of multiple sources by individual households, 4) avoidance of heavily contaminated stream sites, and 5) predominance of socioeconomic factors in water use. Households owning their own water supply used, on average, 25.3 liters per person/day and those without a supply 9. 0 l, with higher use of the local streams among the latter. Water use varied spatially. The socioeconomic factors house quality, latrine ownership, type of watersource, and a utility index were significantly correlated with water use. Implications of this simple household water sources and the more deficient sanitary facilities for potential water-borne disease transmission are briefly discussed and suggestions made for further improvements. This study confirms the appropriateness of the application of direct observation, interview, and microgeographical methods for quantitative water use studies.

Vivências da mulher a ser mastectomizada: esclarecimentos e orientações

Based on a phenomenological approach, this study aims at understanding the meaning women with breast cancer attribute to the experience of excision of the breast. The comprehensive analysis of the report of seven women, revealed that there is a lack of assistance, especially due to denial of information, clarification and guidance regarding the problem. The study indicates the need of an assistance that takes into consideration the physical, psychological and social aspects of the patients undergoing this process, as well as their involvement with the multidisciplinary medical team.

Factors associated with health risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents: an integrative review

OBJECTIVE Identifying knowledge about factors associated with health risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents. METHOD An integrative review of the literature conducted in the Cochrane, IBECS, LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO databases in relation to risk behaviors recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS Thirty-seven (37) studies were analyzed, with a predominance of risky sexual behavior, tobacco use and violent behavior. Advancing age favored unprotected sex, alcohol and tobacco use. Family and friends influence was related to smoking and alcoholism. Males were more involved in situations of violence and the female gender was associated with physical inactivity. Belonging to a lower economic class was related to unprotected sex, physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary behaviors and violence. Studying in private school was related to unhealthy dietary behavior. CONCLUSION Risk behaviors were related to social, economic and family factors and they tend to agglomerate.

Factores asociados con los comportamientos de riesgo sanitario entre adolescentes brasileños: una revisión integrativa

OBJECTIVE Identifying knowledge about factors associated with health risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents. METHOD An integrative review of the literature conducted in the Cochrane, IBECS, LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO databases in relation to risk behaviors recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS Thirty-seven (37) studies were analyzed, with a predominance of risky sexual behavior, tobacco use and violent behavior. Advancing age favored unprotected sex, alcohol and tobacco use. Family and friends influence was related to smoking and alcoholism. Males were more involved in situations of violence and the female gender was associated with physical inactivity. Belonging to a lower economic class was related to unprotected sex, physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary behaviors and violence. Studying in private school was related to unhealthy dietary behavior. CONCLUSION Risk behaviors were related to social, economic and family factors and they tend to agglomerate.

Fatores associados aos comportamentos de risco à saúde entre adolescentes brasileiros: uma revisão integrativa

OBJECTIVE Identifying knowledge about factors associated with health risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents. METHOD An integrative review of the literature conducted in the Cochrane, IBECS, LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO databases in relation to risk behaviors recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS Thirty-seven (37) studies were analyzed, with a predominance of risky sexual behavior, tobacco use and violent behavior. Advancing age favored unprotected sex, alcohol and tobacco use. Family and friends influence was related to smoking and alcoholism. Males were more involved in situations of violence and the female gender was associated with physical inactivity. Belonging to a lower economic class was related to unprotected sex, physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary behaviors and violence. Studying in private school was related to unhealthy dietary behavior. CONCLUSION Risk behaviors were related to social, economic and family factors and they tend to agglomerate.

From desire to action: factors interfering in the nutritional approach to change food habit

800x600 ABSTRACT Objective : to analyze the strategies and resources used in the processes of building changes in the eating habits of health professionals. Method : this a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, performed with 12 participants randomly selected, who individually answered a semi-structured interview script. For the organization and analysis of the data, the technique of Content Analysis in the modality Thematic Analysis was used. Results : the statements produced two thematic categories: the relation of the individual to the food and the process of food re-education . The analysis showed that subjective aspects influence the feeding behavior; affective memory can relate food to a pleasurable escape from everyday pressures; anxiety and sadness can induce compulsive eating. Family support assists in maintaining change. Information is fundamental to the development of critical awareness and autonomy was a motivational factor for conducting the changes. Conclusion : considering subjective aspects of the individual in a nutritional intervention is fundamental for the effectiveness of adherence to the proposed changes. Descriptors : Food and Nutrition Education; Feeding Behavior; Motivation. RESUMO Objetivo : analisar as estrategias e os recursos utilizados nos processos de construcao da mudanca de habitos alimentares dos profissionais da saude . Metodo : estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 12 sujeitos, selecionados aleatoriamente, que responderam individualmente um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. Para a organizacao e analise dos dados, empregou-se a tecnica de analise de conteudo na modalidade analise tematica . Resultados : os depoimentos produziram duas categorias tematicas: relacao do individuo com a comida e processo de reeducacao alimentar. A analise mostrou que aspectos subjetivos influenciam o comportamento alimentar; a memoria afetiva pode relacionar comida a um escape prazeroso das pressoes cotidianas; e a ansiedade e a tristeza podem induzir o comer compulsivo. O apoio familiar auxilia na manutencao da mudanca. A informacao e o elemento fundamental para desenvolvimento da consciencia critica e a autonomia foi fator motivacional para conducao das mudancas. Conclusao : considerar aspectos subjetivos do individuo em uma intervencao nutricional e fundamental para a efetividade da adesao as mudancas propostas. Descritores : Educacao Alimentar e Nutricional; Comportamento Alimentar; Motivacao. RESUMEN Objetivo : analisar las estrategias y los recursos utilizados en los procesos de construccion del cambio de habitos alimentares de los profesionales de la salud . Metodo : estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo, realizado con 12 sujetos, seleccionados aleatoriamente, que respondieron, individualmente una guia de entrevista semi-estructurada. Para la organizacion y analisis de los datos fue empleada la tecnica de Analisis de contenido en la modalidad Analisis Tematico . Resultados : l os testamentos producian dos categorias tematicas: relacion del individuo con la comida y proceso de reeducacion alimentar. El analisis mostro que aspectos subjetivos influyen el comportamiento alimentar; memoria afectiva puede relacionar comida a un escape placeroso de las presiones cotidianas; ansiedad y tristeza pueden inducir al comer compulsivo. El apoyo familiar auxilia en el mantenimiento del cambio. Informacion es elemento fundamental para desarrollo de la conciencia critica y autonomia fue factor motivacional para conduccion de los cambios. Conclusion : considerar aspectos subjetivos del individuo en una intervencion nutricional es fundamental para la efectividad de la adherencia a los cambios propuestas. Descriptores : Educacion Alimentaria y Nutricional; Conducta Alimentaria; Motivacion. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE

Relevance of nursing for the right to health in prisons

Objective: to discuss the importance of the nursing professional practice. Methodology: this is a reflective study, carried out through the analysis of scientific papers, laws, and official documents from the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Justice. Results: the legal basis both of the right to health in prisons and the National Health Plan in the Prison System in Brazil are presented. Conclusion: as a fundamental right, access to health care should be guaranteed for all. There’s a need for thinking through equity in access to health care. Thus, the nurse who works in prisons should focus her/his actions on the individuals’ health needs, considering the ethical and legal aspects of the profession, as well as the characteristics inherent to prisons. The undergraduate Nursing course should offer training to allow the professional to work in the prison system context. Such training should include both technical skills and the reflective basis of health and citizenship. Descriptors: Right to Health; Prison; Primary Health Care; Nursing Education; Nurse. RESUMO Objetivo: discutir a importância da atuação do profissional de enfermagem. Metodologia: estudo reflexivo, realizado a partir da análise de artigos científicos, leis e documentos oficiais do Ministério da Saúde e do Ministério da Justiça. Resultados: são apresentados os fundamentos legais do direito à saúde nas unidades prisionais e do Plano Nacional de Saúde no Sistema Penitenciário no Brasil. Conclusão: como direito fundamental, o acesso à saúde deve ser garantido a todos. É preciso refletir sobre a equidade no acesso à saúde. Assim, o enfermeiro que atua nas unidades prisionais deve centrar suas ações nas necessidades de saúde dos indivíduos, considerando os aspectos éticos e legais da profissão, bem como as características próprias das prisões. A graduação em Enfermagem deveria oferecer formação para que o profissional atue no contexto do sistema prisional. Essa formação deve incluir tanto as competências técnicas como o embasamento reflexivo sobre saúde e cidadania. Descritores: Direito à Saúde; Prisão; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Educação em Enfermagem; Enfermeiro. RESUMEN Objetivo: discutir la importancia de la actuación del profesional de enfermería. Metodología: esto es un estudio reflexivo, realizado desde el análisis de artículos científicos, leyes y documentos oficiales del Ministerio de Salud y del Ministerio de Justicia. Resultados: se presentan los fundamentos jurídicos del derecho a la salud en las prisiones y del Plan Nacional de Salud en el Sistema Penitenciario en Brasil. Conclusión: como derecho fundamental, el acceso a la atención de salud debe ser garantizado para todos. Debemos reflexionar sobre la equidad en el acceso a la salud. Así, el enfermero que actúa en las prisiones debe centrar sus acciones en las necesidades de salud de los individuos, teniendo en cuenta los aspectos éticos y legales de la profesión, así como las características propias de las prisiones. La graduación en Enfermería debe ofrecer capacitación para que el profesional actúe en el contexto del sistema penitenciario. Esta formación debe incluir tanto las competencias técnicas como la base reflexiva acerca de salud y ciudadanía. Descriptores: Derecho a la Salud; Prisión; Atención Primaria de Salud; Educación en Enfermería; Enfermero. Nurse. Specialist in Public Health. MS student in Social Management, Education, and Local Development at Centro Universitario UNA. Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. Email: vaninhaenf@hotmail.com; Psychologist. MS and PhD in Education. Professor at the MS Program in Social Management, Education, and Local Development of Centro Universitario UNA. Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. Email: luafonso@yahoo.com; Nurse. MS and PhD in Nursing. Professor at the MS Program in Social Management, Education, and Local Development of Centro Universitario UNA. Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. Email: matildemmc@terra.com.br Paper developed from the dissertation << Prospects for the nurse’s practice in prisons: focus on teaching and clinical practices within a broader concept of health and citizenship building >>, presented to Centro Universitario UNA. Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil. 2012. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Andrade MI, Afonso MLM, Cadete MMM. Relevance of nursing for the right to health...

Open doors: a new possibility in psychiatric nursing teaching

Este trabalho descreve uma experiencia no ensino de enfermagem psiquiatrica, em um servico aberto de atencao a saude mental. Os discursos dos alunos mostram o sentido desse estagio para sua formacao, apontando ter sido uma experiencia rica a ser mantida, pois lhes permitiu conhecer o papel e a atuacao do enfermeiro, desenvolver uma assistencia contemplando teoria e pratica, alem de reconhecer o doente mental como cidadao.

Puertas abiertas: nuevas posibilidades en la enseñanza de la enfermería psiquiátrica

Este trabalho descreve uma experiencia no ensino de enfermagem psiquiatrica, em um servico aberto de atencao a saude mental. Os discursos dos alunos mostram o sentido desse estagio para sua formacao, apontando ter sido uma experiencia rica a ser mantida, pois lhes permitiu conhecer o papel e a atuacao do enfermeiro, desenvolver uma assistencia contemplando teoria e pratica, alem de reconhecer o doente mental como cidadao.