Matthew Valle

Understanding the use of intimidation as a response to job tension

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between job tension (JT) and the use of intimidation in the workplace, as well as positive and negative affectivity as two potential personality trait moderators of this relationship.Design/methodology/approach – The paper hypothesizes that employees would use more intimidation when they perceive higher levels of JT based on a fight response. Furthermore, it hypothesizes that when JT was high, people high in negative affectivity would use more intimidation in the workplace due to trait activation, whereas individuals high in positive affectivity would use less intimidation due to greater resource pools. The hypotheses was tested with a sample of 134 employees from a wide range of occupations and industries who completed an online survey measuring their levels of felt JT, usage of intimidation behaviors, and self‐reported affectivity.Findings – Hierarchical moderated regression analyses revealed that JT was positively related to intimid...

The Etiology of Top-Tier Publications in Management: A Status Attainment Perspective on Academic Career Success.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a comprehensive model of personal and institutional input variables, composed of elements describing status‐based antecedents, job/organizational context antecedents, and individual level antecedents, which may contribute to the production of significant (top‐tier) research outputs in the management discipline.Design/methodology/approach – The development and empirical examination of this model were done with two main goals in mind. First, the nature and degree to which certain factors lead to the production of top‐tier research productivity in the management discipline were explored. Second, it is hoped that information about these relationships could then be used by institutions and individuals so that they could better understand what it takes to adequately prepare faculty members to achieve increased productivity or, alternatively, to decide whether the goal of top‐tier research production is consistent with individual and institutional resour...

Interrater Agreement on Employees' Job Performance: Review and Directions

This paper reviews the literature on interrater agreement in 360° feedback systems. Multirater performance appraisals, e.g., 360° feedback systems, have long been advocated as important mechanisms for enhancing individual and organizational performance. Our review of the empirical literature indicates that interrater agreement is a highly desired but not often accomplished goal in 360° feedback systems. A review of the assumptions concerning interrater agreement suggests avenues for the evolution of assessment scales used for development and evaluation in organizations.

The mechanisms of regulatory focus

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the mechanisms underlying prevention-focus and promotion-focus, two distinct dimensions of regulatory focus undertaken to fulfill different goals. The authors explore distinct triggers (mindfulness and leader-member exchange (LMX)) and outcomes (role overload and burnout) of each. Design/methodology/approach The model is grounded in regulatory focus theory (Higgins, 1997), and is tested with data collected at two times from 206 full-time workers. Findings Findings revealed mindfulness was positively related to prevention- and promotion-focus, while LMX was positively related to only promotion-focus. Prevention-focus mediated the relationship between mindfulness and role overload and burnout, while promotion-focus mediated the relationship between both mindfulness and LMX and role overload, but not burnout. Originality/value This research expands the nomological network describing individual and dyadic antecedents to regulatory focus. It also explores the nature of the relationships between regulatory focus and career management consequences, and may allow us to offer useful advice for practicing managers trying to understand employee career trajectories.

Exploring Dissertation Process Outcomes

This study explores the effect of the dissertation process on career outcomes for doctoral candidates in management. The study proposes a classification system of doctoral candidate types (i.e., willing clone, conscripted clone, free agent, or the unattached) composed of two dimensions: the extent to which the doctoral candidate selects the dissertation topic and the degree to which the topic chosen represents a match with the area of research of the dissertation chair. Then, the authors explore the relationship between type of candidate and individual process-related outcomes. Implications for knowledge creation for the field given specific candidate types also are discussed.

Ethical leadership, frustration, and humor: a moderated-mediation model

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of ethical leadership on surface acting, positive mood and affective commitment via the mediating effect of employee frustration. The authors also explored the moderating role of humor on the relationship between ethical leadership and frustration as well as its moderating effect on the mediational chain. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected in two separate surveys from 156 individuals working fulltime; data collections were separated by six weeks to reduce common method variance. The measurement model was confirmed before the authors tested the moderated mediation model. Findings Ethical leadership was negatively related to employee frustration, and frustration mediated the relationships between ethical leadership and surface acting and positive mood but not affective commitment. Humor moderated the relationship between ethical leadership and frustration such that when humor was low, the relationship was stronger. Research limitations/implications Interestingly, the authors failed to find a significant effect for any of the relationships between ethical leadership and affective commitment. Ethical leaders can enhance positive mood and reduce surface acting among employees by reducing frustration. Humor may be more important under conditions of unethical leadership but may be distracting under ethical leadership. Originality/value This study demonstrates how frustration acts as a mediator and humor serves as a moderator in the unethical behavior-outcomes relationship.

Development and Validation of a Comprehensive Work-Related Needs Measure

In a work context, employees tend to gravitate toward situations that are most conducive to meeting their needs. The purpose of this research is threefold. First, we define and specify the psychological needs under investigation, briefly highlight extant research, and differentiate needs from other individual difference variables. Second, we demonstrate the limitations of one of the most highly cited psychological needs instruments and introduce a new needs model. Third, we develop and evaluate a multi-dimensional needs inventory using a multi-study design. The strengths and limitations of the proposed and tested model are discussed, as are implications for future research.

Surface acting as a mediator between personality and attitudes

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore surface acting as a mediator in the relationships between perceptions of organizational politics and personality, with stress, turnover intentions, and job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained via survey from 276 working adults, and responses were subjected to structural equation modeling to confirm the measurement model and test hypotheses. Findings Surface acting was found to mediate the relationships between perceptions of organizational politics and intent to turnover and satisfaction, and between proactive personality and intent to turnover and satisfaction. No mediating effect for surface acting was found between agreeableness and the outcomes. Practical implications Individual differences and situational contingencies do affect surface acting in the workplace, and individual work-related outcomes. Managers need to be aware of personality characteristics and situational contexts that impact surface acting in organizations to help understand the effects of potential divergent attitudes and behaviors on employee outcomes. Originality/value Previous research examining surface acting assessed behavior in light of employee-customer interactions. This research extends the study of surface acting by examining the mediating role of surface acting among new predictors including organizational politics, proactive personality, and agreeableness with stress, turnover intentions, and job satisfaction.

In search of the 75 cents‐on‐the‐dollar woman

Although the data concerning the causes, and more importantly, the magnitude, of the gender‐wage gap arerelatively clear from empirical research in economics and business, significant misconceptions still exist. It is a general belief that a woman will earn significantly less for doing the same work as a man, 75 cents as compared to a man’s dollar. Following a review of the empirical literature describing the causes and magnitude of the gender‐wage gap, an exploration of the portrayal of the gender‐wage gap in management texts seeks to understand how this issue is explained to a student audience. Finally, the managerial implications concerning compensation management in organisations are discussed.