Maximilian Russ

Resonantly driven CNOT gate for electron spins

Building an essential quantum component To build a universal quantum computer—the kind that can handle any computational task you throw at it—an essential early step is to demonstrate the so-called CNOT gate, which acts on two qubits. Zajac et al. built an efficient CNOT gate by using electron spin qubits in silicon quantum dots, an implementation that is especially appealing because of its compatibility with existing semiconductor-based electronics (see the Perspective by Schreiber and Bluhm). To showcase the potential, the authors used the gate to create an entangled quantum state called the Bell state. Science, this issue p. 439; see also p. 393 A two-qubit gate essential for quantum computing is demonstrated in silicon quantum dots. Single-qubit rotations and two-qubit CNOT operations are crucial ingredients for universal quantum computing. Although high-fidelity single-qubit operations have been achieved using the electron spin degree of freedom, realizing a robust CNOT gate has been challenging because of rapid nuclear spin dephasing and charge noise. We demonstrate an efficient resonantly driven CNOT gate for electron spins in silicon. Our platform achieves single-qubit rotations with fidelities greater than 99%, as verified by randomized benchmarking. Gate control of the exchange coupling allows a quantum CNOT gate to be implemented with resonant driving in ~200 nanoseconds. We used the CNOT gate to generate a Bell state with 78% fidelity (corrected for errors in state preparation and measurement). Our quantum dot device architecture enables multi-qubit algorithms in silicon.Single qubit rotations and two-qubit CNOT operations are crucial ingredients for universal quantum computing. While high fidelity single qubit operations have been achieved using the electron spin degree of freedom, realizing a robust CNOT gate has been a major challenge due to rapid nuclear spin dephasing and charge noise. We demonstrate an efficient resonantly-driven CNOT gate for electron spins in silicon. Our platform achieves single-qubit rotations with fidelities >99%, as verified by randomized benchmarking. Gate control of the exchange coupling allows a quantum CNOT gate to be implemented with resonant driving in ~200 ns. We use the CNOT gate to generate a Bell state with 75% fidelity, limited by quantum state readout. Our quantum dot device architecture opens the door to multi-qubit algorithms in silicon.

Long distance coupling of resonant exchange qubits

We investigate the effectiveness of a microwave cavity as a mediator of interactions between two resonant exchange (RX) qubits in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) over long distances, limited only by the extension of the cavity. Our interaction model includes the orthonormalized Wannier orbitals constructed from Fock-Darwin states under the assumption of a harmonic QD confinement potential. We calculate the qubit-cavity coupling strength in a Jaynes Cummings Hamiltonian, and find that dipole transitions between two states with an asymmetric charge configuration constitute the relevant RX quoit-cavity coupling mechanism. The effective coupling between two RX qubits in a shared cavity yields a universal two-qubit iSWAP-gate with gate times on the order of nanoseconds over distances on the order of up to a millimeter.