Meilinah Hidayat

Ex vivo study of garcinia mangostana L. (Mangosteen) peel extract and xanthones as anti-adipogenesis in HepG2 cell model

Background: Anti-adipogenesis is one of proposed mechanism for anti-obesity. Adipogenesis regulation of obesity is important, so identification of anti-adipogenic activity is a potential strategy to find anti-obesity agent. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-adipogenesis potential of Garcinia mangostana L. peel extract (GMPE) compared to xanthones in HepG2 cells line as model. Material and Methods: GMPE was performed based on maceration method using distilated ethanol 70% as the solvent. The level of triglyceride and cholesterol and the inhibitory activity of triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CHOL) in HepG2 cells were assayed and determined as the anti-adipogenesis parameter. Results: The most active subtance to lower the triglyceride level was showed by GMPE in every concentration followed by the garcinone-C, γ-mangostin, garcinone-D and α- mangostin respectivelly. The highest activity to decrease the cholesterol level was showed by GMPE and followed by γ-mangostin, α-mangostin, garcinone-c, garcinone-d respectively. Conclusion: GMPE posses the anti-adipogenesis potential in inhibiting TG and CHOL synthesis was better than any other xanthone (α- mangostin, γ-mangostin, garcinone-C and garcinone-D).

Characteristics of ethanol extract of Detam 1 Indonesian soybean and Jati Belanda leaves and the effects of their combinations on weight gain and jejunum histopathological changes in male Wistar rats.

Background: Anti-Nutritional-Factors (ANF) are natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with the absorption of nutrients. ANF may cause changes in the histopathology of the small intestinal mucosa, and may affect the digestive, secretory and absorptive functions of the small intestine. Soybean and Jati Belanda leaves which can promote weight loss, may contain ANF. In this study, soybean seeds variety Detam 1 and Jati Belanda leaves were used to assess their potential effects on weight gains and jejunum functions. Research Objective: To study the effects of ethanol extracts of Detam 1 raw soybean (EEDS) and Jati Belanda (EEJB) Bumi Herbal Dago variety and their combinations on weight gain and jejunum histopathological changes in male Wistar rats. Research Methods: Phytochemical analyses of EEDS and EEJB ethanol extracts were performed, then assayed for the above mentioned activities after administered to high-fat induced male Wistar rats for 28 days. Weight gain was determined and histopathological examination of jejunum was achieved after fixation and staining with Hematoxylin Eosin. Results: The combinations of EEDS:EEJB (2:1 and 1:2 w/w) reduced the weight gain with the effect being more pronounced (5.95%) for the combination 1:2 (w/w). Such effect may be attributed to ANFs contained in EEDS and EEJB such as tannin, saponin, flavonoids and phenolics. The histopathologic examination of the positive control group was not different from all treatment groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The combination EEDS:EEJB (1:2 w/w) is effective in inhibiting weight gain without remarkable histopathological changes in male Wistar rat jejunum.

Inhibitory potential of ethanol extract of Detam 1 soybean (Glycine max) seed and Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia) leaves on adipogenesis and obesity models in 3T3-L1 cell line.

Background: Obesity is considered an emergency health problem through out the world and is characterized by an increase in the number and size of adipocytes in adipose tissue. Some phytochemical bioactive have been shown to inhibit adipocyte differentiation and induce adipocyte apoptosis. The Objective: In this ex vivo study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects, antiobesity and antidiapogenesis potential of ethanol extract of Detam 1 soybean seed (EEDS), Jati Belanda leaves (EEJB) and their combinations on 3T3-L1 cells. Experimental Approach: The cytotoxic effect of EEDS and EEJB were assayed using MTS assay. Triglyceride (TG) level and inhibitory activity were assayed using a TG assay kit. Glucose 6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity and inhibitory activity were determined by using G6PDH assay kit. The cholesterol level was measured according to the Chol Kit Randox protocol. Results: The lowest cytotoxic activity and safe substances on 3T3-L1 cell were EEDS and EEJB in 50 and 10 μg/ml of concentration. EEJB in the concentration of 50 μg/ml was the most active to inhibit G6PD, TG, and cholesterol activity with inhibition activities 47.30%, 37.93% and 73.91% respectively compared to the control (differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocyte). Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Detam 1 soybean seed and Jati Belanda leaves posses the inhibitory potential on G6PD, triglyceride and cholesterol activities in 3T3-L1 cell line and the most active compound showed by ethanol extract of Jati Belanda leaves.