Mônica Cecília Pimentel de Melo

Integralidade e cuidado a grávidas adolescentes na Atenção Básica

Prenatal adolescent care is characterized by technical actions seeking to provide assistance from the perspective of comprehensive care. The Community Health Agent Program/Family Health Program (PACS/PSF) is a strategy for implementing the changes envisaged, which motivated this scientific investigation. The scope of the research was to assess prenatal care to pregnant adolescents by health professionals of PACS/PSF and analyze it from the standpoint of comprehensive care. It is a qualitative study, with comprehensive care as its theoretical focus. It was conducted in PACS/PSF units in a city in the State of Bahia, and the subjects of study were the practitioners who treat pregnant adolescents. The empirical material was produced by means of semi-structured interviews and non-participative observation in consultations and homecare visits and was analyzed using the speech analysis technique. This revealed that prenatal care for adolescents is provided using the biomedical model, where compliance with institutional protocols and routines takes precedence over considering the specific aspects of the adolescent. Thus it is far removed from comprehensive care, in that the practices are guided by ideological adherence to a model that fails to grant pregnant adolescents the opportunity to be treated as individuals.

Relacionamento entre profissionais de saúde e parturientes: um estudo com desenhos

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between health professionals and parturients in the obstetric center at a public maternity in the interior ofBahia. This is a qualitative descriptive exploratory study that complied with the Resolution 196/96 of the National Health Council and was made in the period from February to April 2010, through semi-structured interviews with thirteen new mothers. The content analysis showed that the assistance new mothers received was indifferent, because health professionals have established an asymmetrical and power relationship, with the largest contact with the parturient occurred during the expulsive period. It is necessary the adoption of actions aimed at the hosts mother, making this experience a humanized, assigning women the main role in this sublime moment

Experiência de familiares no cuidado a adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1

Objective: to know the experience of relatives in caring for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Method: a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study. It was carried out ten semi-structured interviews with families of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus, interpreted from analysis of thematic content. Results: after data analysis, it revealed three categories: Knowledge of family about type 1 diabetes; Difficulties adolescents in adherence to treatment of diabetes type Enfermeira. Graduada pela Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF). E-mail: lima.anapaty@gmail.com Enfermeira. Mestre em Psicologia. Docente do curso de Enfermagem da UNIVASF. E-mail: sued.sarmento@univasf.edu.br Enfermeira. Mestranda do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (PPGEnf/UFSM). E-mail: claumistura@gmail.com Enfermeira. Mestranda do PPGEnf da UFSM. E-mail: karen_sj88@hotmail.com Enfermeira. Doutora em Enfermagem. Docente Adjunto do Departamento de Enfermagem e do PPGEnf da UFSM. E-mail: nara.girardon@gmail.com Enfermeira. Doutoranda do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Docente do curso de Enfermagem da UNIVASF. E-mail: margaret.olinda@univasf.edu.br Enfermeira. Doutoranda em Saúde Pública do Instituto de Saúde Coletiva da UFBA. Docente do curso de Enfermagem da UNIVASF. E-mail: michelle.christini@univasf.edu.br Enfermeira. Doutoranda do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Docente do curso de Enfermagem da UNIVASF. E-mail: monquinamelo@gmail.com

Sexuality and school: dynamics of this relationship in the perspective of teenagers

The experience of sexuality encompasses all stages of the life of men and women, beginning with the birth and lasting until death (BRAZIL, 2010b). To do so, it is in adolescence that the exercise of sexuality contributes to the structuring of the identity of the young person, being often driven by their peers or by the use of psychoactive substances, by means of communication and by sensations such as curiosity, Need for affection or independence, adolescents often act by incitement and engage in sexual activities, because at this stage sexuality has an exploratory function, discovering new potentialities and ways of giving it to the new body.1,2

VIVÊNCIA DAS MÃES NA TRANSIÇÃO PARA O DESMAME NATURAL

Introduction: Physiological weaning should be part of actions to encourage breastfeeding practices. It concludes the breastfeeding cycle, focusing on its importance for the physical and emotional health to the mother and child. Objective: Understand the experience of mothers who choose natural/physiological weaning. Patients and Methods: The Research Ethics Committee approved this qualitative descriptive research (opinion 1.230.832). The study included eight mothers aged 18 or over, nursing mother and with infant attending childcare, aged one or over. The instrument used to collect data was semi-structured interviews. The research was interrupted after saturation of the empirical material and treated according to Bardin content analysis. Results: In the participants’ statements, four categories were recurrently presented: Factors that lead mothers to continue breastfeeding their children; Social influences received; Pretension of mothers in breastfeeding, and Participation of health professionals. These categories resulted from a previous categorization of the analyzed content, which synthesize the experience of the natural/ physiological weaning. Conclusion: Mothers are aware of the importance of breastfeeding for the health of the child and for the construction of an emotional bond. Thus, they give preference for the continuity of breastfeeding until the child is prepared to weaning, adopting a personal decision, not accepting interferences from friends, family members, and/or health professionals. Descriptors: Breast Feeding; Weaning; Health.

Atenção em saúde no planejamento reprodutivo: atitudes e práticas de enfermeiros

Aim: to analyze the attention on health care employed by nurses at the reproductive planning, by family health teams from Juazeiro, Bahia. Method: qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study in which was used semi-structured interview with eight nurses from five Family Health Units, with the largest number of women at childbearing age. Results: scarcity and irregularity in the supply of the methods emerged, compromising the effectiveness and quality of reproductive planning. The instability of the educational activities pointed at women and/or couples uninformed about the use and benefits of these methods, revealing self-medication and search in pharmacies. Conclusions: the construction of an attention on health care that acts in the premises of the quality, effectiveness and equity can contribute to a more autonomous nursing that is also consistent with the needs of the population in reproductive planning

Posturas e estratégias sobre sexualidade a partir do programa saúde na escola: discursos de professores

Aim: to analyze teachers’ postures and strategies for handling sexual and reproductive education in the classroom, in a public school in Juazeiro-BA, in agreement with the School Health Program (PSE). Method: qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, carried out with 11 teachers and a school manager, through a semistructured interview, with sample closure by theoretical saturation. Discourse Analysis was used, with the theoretical support of the problem-solving methodology practiced by Paulo Freire. Results: as a revealed attitude, the discussions about the subject were developed without constraints to the teachers, since, among the strategies adopted, some resources like videos and debates are used. However, the performance of educators does not find sustainability in the PSE, since teachers are unfamiliar with the program. Conclusions: the theme should be socialized and balanced in order to promote knowledge integration in school spaces, with dialogic opportunities for discussion on sexuality in adolescence, based on a joint work between education and health.

CONFIGURAÇÕES E DINÂMICAS FAMILIARES DE MULHERES-MÃES DURANTE TRAJETÓRIA NA DEPENDÊNCIA QUÍMICA

Introduction: Drug abuse directly affects family relationships, interfering with established ties for support and safe relationships, gained over the family life. Objective: To analyze the family dynamics of women-mothers, before, during and after the interaction with drugs. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study using semi-structured interviews with women-mothers admitted to a Petrolina recovery center. Results: In the period previous to drug abuse, family relationships were referred to as good, as opposed to the period of drug addiction context in which naturalization of life on the street, theft, prostitution and child sexual exploitation were present as ways to enable their habit. Family rejection was present, which changed with the admission of the interviewees to the center, when the possibility of family reconstitution was addressed. Conclusion: Family participation in the treatment and care of the drug addict was essential to strengthen the approach towards affective relationships and taking away the stigma and prejudice so prevalent in society. It is also necessary that health professionals, especially nurses be aware and promote the integration of care and caregiver and know the family and the family context in which they live to implement more effective care.

Uso de substâncias psicoativas por estudantes rurais: distribuição por sexo e idade

Doi: 10.5902/2179769214144 Objective: to analyze the lifetime use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs, and their distribution by sex and age of students of elementary and high school, in a rural public school. Method: quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, conducted from August to November of 2011 with 146 students in Petrolina and analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2007. As for the criteria of eligibility, elligible students had to be over 18 and sign the Informed Consent or, if underage, obtain the parents’ signature. Results: there was greater lifetime use of alcohol, predominantly among women of 16-18 years old; 16.44% used cigarettes, without distinction of sex; and 3.42% used illicit drugs, prevailing men. Conclusions: educational strategies, through school, family or government, are necessary to promote dialogues with students, reducing the use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs among students.

PAPEL DO ENFERMEIRO NA PREVENÇÃO DO CÂNCER DE COLO UTERINO NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA

O objetivo central deste estudo foi evidenciar as acoes do enfermeiro para o diagnostico precoce do câncer de colo de utero, mediante sua insercao na Estrategia Saude da Familia. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa,de carater descritivo, do tipo pesquisa bibliografica, desenvolvido a partir de confrontos teoricos de autores que abordavam a tematica. Estas pesquisas apontaram para a importância do enfermeiro na realizacao de atividades educativas junto a populacao feminina na Estrategia Saude da Familia, no intuito de contribuir na diminuicao da incidencia desta neoplasia, atraves de um maior esclarecimento da populacao.