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The Investigation of Occlusal Contacts During the Retention Period

Removable retention appliances were applied to 20 treated orthodontic patients, and their occlusal contact points were determined from occlusal registrations taken at the beginning and the end of retention. Furthermore, to determine the results at the end of retention, the occlusion of 20 treated patients was compared with a control group of another 20 subjects who had an ideal occlusion. During the retention phase the number of contacts in centric occlusion increased significantly. No significant difference was observed with regard to the location of contacts. Whereas the number of ideally located contacts was similar to that in the control group, differences were observed in actual and canine contacts between the groups. At the end of retention, the balancing side contacts in lateral movements and the posterior contacts in protrusive movements were generally determined as near contacts and showed a similarity to the control group. In order to maintain the occlusal stability that is needed for the success of orthodontic treatments, ideal occlusal contacts and localization of contacts in centric and eccentric occlusion should be considered.

Treatment effects of the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device used with miniscrew anchorage

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the dentofacial effects of the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) used with miniscrew anchorage (FRDMS) and compare them with those of conventional FRD and an untreated Class II control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of 48 Class II subjects. Sixteen patients (13.68 ± 1.09 years of age) were treated with FRDMS, whereas 17 subjects (14.64 ± 1.56 years of age) were treated with only FRD. Also, a control sample of 15 untreated Class II subjects (14.13 ± 1.50 years of age) was constructed. Angular and linear measurements were made on 96 lateral cephalograms. Paired t, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Class I molar relationship and overjet correction were achieved in an average period of 6.5 ± 1.97 and 5.5 ± 1.80 months in the FRDMS and FRD groups, respectively. No skeletal effect was determined in both treatment groups. Greater overbite correction was found in the FRD group. Retrusion and extrusion of maxillary incisors, distalization of maxillary molars, and extrusion of mandibular molars were significant in both treatment groups. Labial tipping of mandibular incisors was significantly greater in the FRD group than in the FRDMS group. CONCLUSION Overjet and molar correction was totally dentoalveolar. Unfavorable labial tipping of mandibular incisors was effectively minimized with the usage of miniscrews.

Molar distalization with a pendulum appliance K-loop combination.

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentoalveolar effects of a pendulum appliance supported buccally by a K-loop, and to compare these with a cervical headgear (CHG) group. The records of 30 patients with skeletal Class I and dental Class II malocclusions were divided in to two groups: Patients in group 1 (seven females and eight males; mean age, 15.0 +/- 3.4 years) were treated with a pendulum appliance supported with a K-loop buccally, while in group 2 (10 females and 5 males; mean age, 14.2 +/- 2.9 years), the patients were treated with CHG. Standardized lateral cephalograms and study models were taken at the beginning of treatment (T0) and at the end of distal molar movement (T1). T0-T1 changes within the groups were analysed with a paired t-test, and between the groups with a t-test. The mean amount of distalization was 4.53 +/- 1.46 mm in group 1 and 2.23 +/- 1.68 mm in group 2. The mean amount of distal tipping for group 1 was 5.13 +/- 4.90 degrees; the mean amount of mesial tipping for group 2 was 0.80 +/- 2.27 degrees. Intrusion and mesiobuccal rotation of the maxillary molars were achieved in both groups. In group 1, the amount of labial protrusion and tipping of the maxillary incisors was not statistically significant. In group 2, palatoversion and retrusion of the maxillary incisors was statistically significant (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). The two major disadvantages of intraoral appliances, which are distal tipping of molars and loss of anchorage at the anterior teeth, were significantly decreased with the use of a pendulum appliance K-loop combination.

Dimensions and morphologic variations of sella turcica in type 1 diabetic patients

INTRODUCTION Some chronic diseases are associated with changes in the morphology of sella turcica, and type 1 diabetes is the most common chronic disease in children and adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the size and morphology of sella turcica in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with a healthy control group. METHODS The study included 76 type 1 diabetic patients (38 boys, 38 girls; ages, 14.16 ± 2.46 years) and 76 controls (38 boys, 38 girls; ages, 14 ± 2.08 years). The groups were categorized as pubertal and postpubertal according to bone age. The length, height, and diameter of sella turcica were measured. Then the morphology of sella turcica was analyzed and categorized as normal, oblique anterior wall, bridging, double contour of the floor, irregularity in the posterior part of dorsum sellae, or pyramidal shape of the dorsum sellae. All measurements were made on tracings of cephalometric radiographs. Differences between the groups were tested with the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical data were evaluated with the Fisher exact test, and the Bonferroni correction was made. The significance level was assigned as P <0.05. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the dimensions of sella between the diabetic patients (diameter, 12.20 ± 1.49 mm; length, 10.49 ± 1.55 mm; height, 8.07 ± 1.25 mm) and the controls (diameter, 12.45 ± 1.43 mm; length, 10.90 ± 1.73 mm; height, 8.29 ± 1.66 mm). However, diameter and length increased with age in the overall assessment. Length was greater in the postpubertal controls (11.39 ± 1.69 mm) compared with the pubertal controls (10.41 ± 1.64 mm). Diameter was greater in the postpubertal diabetic patients (1.283 ± 1.55 mm) than in the pubertal diabetic patients (11.56 ± 1.12 mm) and was specifically higher in postpubertal boys. Normal sella morphology was less common in general in the diabetic patients, particularly in the diabetic boys and diabetic pubertal boys (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS The measurements concerning sella were similar in the type 1 diabetic and control subjects, but dysmorphologic types were more common in diabetic patients.

Effects of the zygoma anchorage system on canine retraction

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the Gjessing (PG) retraction spring used with and without the zygoma anchorage system (ZAS) on canine retraction. Thirty patients, with an Angle Class I or Class II malocclusion, whose upper first premolars were scheduled for extraction, were divided into two equal groups. Group 1 comprised maximum anchorage cases (nine females and six males with a mean age of 16 years 8 months) in which the ZAS was used to improve posterior anchorage and the PG retraction springs for canine retraction. Moderate anchorage cases (10 females and 5 males with a mean age of 15 years 5 month) were included in group 2 and canine retraction was achieved using only PG retraction springs. Study models and lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained at the initial and final stages of canine retraction were used for comparison of the groups to determine the effects of zygoma anchorage on canine retraction. All measurements were evaluated statistically using a Students t-test, 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of variance, Bonferroni-adjusted t-test, and Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests according to the normality of the distribution of the variables. Mesial crown movement of the molars was 0.63 mm (P < 0.05) in group 1 and 1.50 mm (P < 0.001) in group 2. There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the groups. No significant difference was observed between the groups for the rate of canine retraction or sagittal and vertical movement of the canines. The ZAS is a reliable and successful anchorage reinforcement method for canine retraction in extraction cases.

Klas 2-High Angle Vakaların Aktivatör — Headgear Kombinasyonu ile Tedavisi

OZET: Bu yazida klas 2 ve high angle yapi gosteren pubertal buyume ve gelisim atilimi oncesi donemdeki 3 bireye uygulanan aktivator-oksipital headgear kombinasyon tedavileri anlatilmis; tedavi sonucu olusan degisiklikler sefalometrik degerler ve cakistirmalari araciligi ile tartisilmistir. Fonksiyonel ve agiz disi apareylerin ortodontik ve ortopedik etkilerinden yararlanilmis ve uygun bir sekilde planlanmasiyla birlikte kullanimlarinin vakalar icin olusabilecek istenmeyen etkileri de elimine edebilecegi sonucuna varilmistir.

Maxillary protraction in a case with miniscrew bone anchorage

Four miniscrews were placed into the available inter-root area, two in the posterior and the other two in the anterior region in the maxilla as skeletal anchorage for facemask protraction in a girl 11 years and 11 months old with maxillary retrusion. No tooth support was used for the protraction of the maxilla. Applying orthopedic forces directly to the maxilla resulted in a 2 mm maxillary advancement. Undesired skeletal and dental effects of facemask therapy were eliminated with this new technique. Skeletodental changes in response to the miniscrew-anchored facemask treatment are reported in the present case.

Başlıkla Stabilize Edilmiş Yüz Maskesi ile Sınıf III Tedavisi (Vaka Raporu)

OZET Bu vaka raporunda, dissel ve/veya is-keletsel acik kapanis egilimli ve ust cene geriligine sahip uc olgunun baslikla stabilize edilmis yuz maskesi uygulama sonuclari sunulmustur. Tedavi suresi 9–11 aydir. Agiz ici ankraj apareyi olarak 5 mm okluzal kalinlikli hareketli akrilik plak kullanilmistir. Protraksiyon kuvveti olarak toplamda 800 gram, baslik kuvveti icin toplamda 600 gram kuvvet uygulanmistir. Tum olgularda, ust cene one, alt cenede geriye hareket ederken alt cenede arka yonde rotasyon olusmamistir ve Sinif I iliski, yeterli overbite ve overjet iliskisi elde edilmistir. Elde edilen tedavi sonuclari retansiyon donemi sonrasi korunmustur.

Effects of the reciprocal mini-chin cup appliance

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the dentofacial effects of the reciprocal mini-chin cup (RMCC) appliance in subjects with pubertal growth and development potential (group 1) and in subjects that had completed this period (group 2). Eighteen patients (13 females, five males) with an Angle Class II division 1 and nine patients (six females, three males) with a Class II division 2 malocclusion, with mandibular dentoalveolar retrusion and optimal vertical facial dimension were included. A control group consisting of 14 subjects (nine females, five males) with pubertal growth and development potential was constructed for comparison with group 1. In both treatment groups a RMCC was used. A Class I molar relationship was achieved in an average period of 5.11 months in group 1 and 10.57 months in group 2. From lateral cephalometric tracings, beside the angular and linear parameters, eight parameters that determined the ratio of the skeletal and dental effects of RMCC were measured and statistically evaluated. A paired comparison t-test was used to assess the differences in each group and a Students t text to evaluate the differences between the groups. In both groups, no effect of RMCC was found on either the maxilla and/or the sagittal position of the mandible. In group 1, lower anterior face height was increased more compared with group 2; the mandibular plane angle increased and the mandible developed mostly in the vertical dimension. While a Class I molar relationship and correction of the overbite and overjet were achieved in both groups, a greater correction of overjet was found in group 1. Retrusion of the upper incisors without extrusion, protrusion, or proclination of the lower incisors, distalization of the upper molars, mesialization and extrusion of the lower molars and mesialization of the mandibular dentoalveolar structures were observed in both groups. Contributions to the correction of overjet and molar relationship were mostly dentoalveolar in both groups.

FARKLI TEDAVİ MEKANİKLERİ İLE TEDAVİ EDİLMİŞ AÇIK KAPANIŞ OLGULARINDA TEDAVİ SONRASI DÖNEMDE ALT ÇENEDE KISA SÜREDE OLUŞAN DEĞİŞİKLİKLERİN İNCELENMESİ

OZET: Bu calismanin amaci dikey cenelik ve arka isirma bloklari kullanilarak tedavi edilen on acik kapanis olgularinda tedavi sonunda alt cenede olusan degisikliklerin apareyin gece kullanildigi kisa sureli donem ve apareysiz gozlem donemi boyunca kaliciliginin karsilastirmali olarak incelenmesidir. Arastirma kapsamina Angle Sinif I ve Sinif II divizyon 1 malokluzyona sahip, tedavileri dikey cenelik ile yapilmis 9 adet ve 5 milimetrelik kapanis yuksekliginde hazirlanan arka isirma blogu ile yapilmis 13 adet iskeletsel acik kapanis vakasi alinmistir. Bireylere apareyler dikey cenelik grubunda 9 ay, arka isirma blogu grubunda 4 ay sadece gece kullandirilmistir. Bireyler retansiyon sonrasinda her iki grupta da aparey kullandirilmadan 6 ay sure ile izlenmistir. Tedavi sonu, apareylerin gece kullandirildigi donem sonu ve apareysiz gozlem donemi sonu degerlendirmelerin grup ici karsilastirmalari eslestirilmis-t testi ile, gruplararasi karsilastirmalari ise student-t testi ile yapilmistir. Gruplararasi karsilast...