Mustafa Tutak

Environmentally Friendly Natural Dyeing of Organic Cotton

In this study, organic cotton fabrics were dyed with different natural dye sources (madder root, walnut shell, henna, horse chestnut, pomegranate peel, berberis vulgaris root, thyme, and sage tea). The dyeing was carried out with different mordants (copper sulphate, potassium aluminum sulphate, potassium tartrate, and citric acid), using pre-mordanting dyeing methods. The color of the fabrics was investigated in terms of color strength (K/S) and fastness properties against light, washing, rubbing, and perspiration. The color and fastness properties obtained from the dyed organic cotton fabrics were between good to excellent.

Assessing colour differences of viscose fabrics knitted from vortex-, ring- and open-end rotor-spun yarns after abrasion

The colour values of fabric samples that are knitted from vortex-spun (VS), open-end rotor-spun and ring-spun yarns were evaluated after abrasion. We measured the changes of colour properties of each sample, considering spinning system, dyeing concentration and abrasion cycle, which have effects on colour values. The colour values of dyed fabrics knitted from ring spun yarns showed less change after abrasion than that of dyed fabrics knitted from open-end rotor-spun and VS yarns, when the spinning systems were compared. The colour values of dyed fabrics knitted from VS yarns showed more changes after abrasion because of the smooth surface of VS yarns.

Relations between the characteristics of Angora rabbit fibre

Angora rabbit fibre is one of the finest specialty animal fibres with its well-known reputation for fineness, lightness and softness. This study evaluated the Angora fibre shape and morphology in comparison with Cashmere fibre and wool as well as the relation between characteristics of Angora fibre. Unlike other keratinous textile fibres, single Angora fibre composes of two sections named as body and head, each of which has individual surface characteristics. Differences between the scale shapes, scale length and scale frequency of Angora hair types were explained in details. Medullation in Angora fibre was explained for different types of Angora hairs defined as down, awn and bristle. This classification was done according to the fibre fineness starting from the finer one. Relation between fibre shape and comfort factor was also analyzed. The relation between mean fibre diameter (MFD), fibre curvature (FC) and percentage of medullation by volume (MEDV) for Angora rabbit fibre was not as strong as wool and Cashmere fibre. Accordingly, when Angora hair types were analyzed individually, it was observed that relation between FC and MEDV for Angora fibre was stronger than wool and Cashmere fibre. Multiple regression analysis was also performed. Diameter distribution along the snippet length (about 200µm) of Angora fibre is uneven compared to Cashmere fibre and wool.

Development of bio-active polypropylene fiber containing QA-POSS nanoparticles

Antimicrobial polypropylene (PP) fibers were produced using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) nanoparticles during melt spinning process. Octa ammonium POSS (QA-POSS) was used in three different concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 3 wt% for the modification of PP fiber. Antimicrobial efficiency of QA-POSS and modified PP fibers were examined against four different pathogenic bacteria, namely Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereous, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris. Tensile, thermal and morphological properties of fiber samples were also characterized by tensile testing, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. According to test results, modified PP fibers showed antimicrobial effect against selected four different bacteria. The antimicrobial effect of modified PP fibers increased as the added amount of QA-POSS increased regardless of bacteria types. The modified fiber samples exhibited the best antimicrobial effect against Bacillus cereous with a bacterial reduction of 97 %.

Analysis of the CIE whiteness and whiteness tint of optically whitened cellulosic fabrics

In this study, the CIE whiteness (CIE WI) and whiteness tint (Tw) of optically whitened woven or knitted cellulosic fabrics (cotton, viscose, modal and tencel) irradiated with xenon arc light was investigated. The fabrics were whitened with four concentrations of eight different commercial optical whitening agents and these fabrics were irradiated with xenon arc light under specific conditions between 0—100 hours at 10-hour intervals. The reflectance of the optical whitened fabrics was measured by using spectrophotometry, while CIE WI and the Tw values were calculated using computer software. The results were investigated by statistical methods using ANOVA and regression curves in which CIE WI of optically whitened cellulosic fabrics were found to decrease seriously depending on irradiation time and Tw was also affected by xenon arc light.

CI Bazik Turuncu 1 (Chrysodine) Boyasının Antibakteriyel Özelliğinin Belirlenmesi

In this study, antibacterial and dyeing properties of CI Basic Orange 1 dye and dyed acrylic fabrics have been tested against the common pathogens Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Chrysodine basic dye (CBD) was effective against selected test bacteria. The dyed acrylic fabric with CBD displayed various antimicrobial activity (reduction rate: 48-82 %) against selected bacteria.

Dyeing of Wool and Cotton Fabrics with Leaves of Apple (Malus Domestica) Tree

ABSTRACT In this study, apple leaves were used to dye wool and cotton fabrics. Effects of mordant type and dyeing technique on color yield and fastness properties were investigated. The selected dyed fibre sample surfaces were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Color strength (K/S) values of the dyed fabrics were between 0.53 and 20.56. Washing and rubbing fastness results of the dyed fabrics were moderate/high. The SEM images of the naturally dyed fabrics demonstrated a smooth surface profile. We have concluded that apple leaf is suitable for the natural dyeing of wool fabrics.

Development of bio-active pigment printed fabric loaded with nano-sized silver/zinc particles

Purpose – This paper aims to evaluate the antibacterial properties of pigment printed fabric loaded with nano-sized silver and zinc. Design/methodology/approach – The pigment printing paste was mixed with nano-sized silver/zinc particles and applied to the cotton fabrics by the hand screen-printing technique. The nano-sized particles, distribution on the fabric surface, were analysed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The ASTM E2149-01 test method was used to determine the bacteriodynamic activity of the treated fabrics. The wash and light fastness properties of the treated fabrics were investigated. Findings – The experimental results of the study showed that antibacterial properties could be obtained by loading with nano-size silver/zinc particles on pigment printed cotton fabrics. There is no negative or positive effect of the addition of nano silver/zinc particles to the printing paste on fastness properties. Research limitations/implications – The nano-sized met...

Nane (Mentha Spicata L.) ve Kekik (Thymus Vulgaris L.) Bitkileri Kullanarak Yün Lifinin Doğal Boyanması

In this study, 100% wool fabrics were naturally dyed using mint (Mentha spicata L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Before the dyeing process, fabrics were mordanted with iron (II) sulfate with different concentrations according to pre-mordanting technique. After the natural dyeing process, K/S color yields, CIE L* a * b * color coordinates and various fastness properties of dyed fabrics were determined.

Adaptation of optical RGB sensor to CIE-XYZ color space

Outputs of an optical RGB sensor are adapted to CIE-XYZ color space coordinates. For this purpose, a correlation between the outputs of the sensor and the outputs of spectrophotometer is established. In order to test the performance of sensor, numerical data of some fabrics provided from various manufacturers are obtained by color analysis. Using advantages of computer-aided devices, a system is developed so that it can measure the color of various fabric samples by sensitively and fast. The measurements are made by a spectrophotometer and the optical color sensor, and then multiple linear regression analysis is applied to the results obtained. It is concluded that proposed method can be used as an alternative to the spectrophotometric method.