N.D. Vilenskaya

ACTIVATED BICARBONATE SOLUTIONS AS MODELS OF CONFINED ONTIC OPEN SYSTEM AND PROTOTYPES OF LIVING RESPIRING SYSTEMS

Addition of H 2 O 2 in sub-millimolar concentrations to 1–5 mM Na/K-bicarbonate solutions initiates in them a process accompanied with low-level photon emission amplified with luminol. Photon emission lasts without decay for many months in samples isolated from air and ambient light. Photon emission intensity reveals monthly and circadian rhythms. Amplitude of photon emission intensity from test-tubes filled with active solutions increases two- to threefold on periods coinciding with the eclipses of the moon and the sun. Preparations of water-soluble fullerenes in dilutions equivalent to their concentrations 10 –13 , 10 –15 and 10 –19 –10 –20 M increased photon emission two- to threefold while intermediate dilutions affected it much weaker. We suggest that addition of H 2 O 2 to aqueous bicarbonate solutions initiates in them cyclic chain reactions in which water is oxidized with oxygen. Bicarbonate may stabilize these cyclic reactions due to its ability to participate in free radical reactions. Extremely long-lasting photon emission (high density electromagnetic energy) from activated bicarbonate solutions indicates that they reside in stable non-equilibrium (excited) state supported presumably by continuous efflux of low density (electromagnetic) energy from the environment. Such systems may represent a model of Confined Ontic Open Systems able to transform low grade energy into high grade energy. It is notable that bicarbonate is the necessary constituent of cytoplasm of aerobic cells and of important biological liquids, in particular of blood plasma. Normal and healing drinking waters also usually represent bicarbonate solutions.

The stable nonequilibrium state of bicarbonate aqueous systems

Data obtained by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and chemiluminescence analysis indicate that in aqueous solutions of bicarbonates, superoxide radical and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly produced. The stationary level of the superoxide radical is found to increase when a solution is illuminated. Reactions involving ROS are shown to be accompanied by the generation of electron excitation energy, keeping bicarbonate solutions in a stable nonequilibrium state. The system can emit part of this energy. Variations in emitting activity are found to correlate with variations in the cosmophysical factors. The emitting activity of solutions is found to vary in the presence of low and ultralow concentrations of hydrated fullerenes. It is noted that the phenomenon of spontaneous charge separation in aqueous systems (G. H. Pollack) could play a role in maintaining a stable nonequilibrium state in bicarbonate systems where the reactions with ROS participation are catalyzed by forms of carbonate. It is concluded that the abovementioned properties of bicarbonate aqueous systems most likely keep living matter whose structural basis is formed by these systems in a stable excited state, thereby making it highly sensitive to the action of external factors with low and ultralow intensities.

Chemiluminescence during respiratory burst in nondiluted human blood can be enhanced by back-reflected photons

We have demonstrated recently that luminol- or lucigenin- dependent chemiluminescence (LM-CL and LC-CL, respectively) registered from whole non-diluted blood may reach rather high intensities. Here we demonstrate, that parameters of both LM-CL and LC-CL in non-diluted human blood during RB development is influenced by a reflective screen of aluminum foil surrounding a test tube with a blood sample. Photons reflected back to a sample accelerate slowly developing and retard rapidly development RB. As demonstrated by histochemical NBT test, wrapping samples with blood in aluminum foil effected also the reductive neutrophil activity in. These results indicate that weak light fluxes generated in the course of RB may influence physiological processes in blood. They also provide the basis for an explanation for the phenomenon of the interaction two blood samples in one of which RB in the presence of luminol was stimulated through the optical channel previously reported by us.