Nabiel A.M. Saleh

An approach to the chemosystematics of the zygophyllaceae

The Zygophyllaceae occur in arid zones and have been reported to contain, among other compounds, flavonoids and alkaloids. The flavonoids in representatives of three of the seven subfamilies have been studied and their distribution is discussed with respect to their chemosystematic significance. The aglycones identified were kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, herbacetin and herbacetin-8-O-methyl ether. Glycosidic patterns elucidated range from mono- to tri-glycosides, five of which are novel in plants. Alkaloids were also shown to be present, and the importance of those cited in the literature has been surveyed in relation to the chemosystematics of the Zygophyllaceae.

The flavonoids of the Fagonia arabica-complex (Zygophyllaceae)

Abstract The flavonoids of Fagonia taeckholmiana and four varieties of F. arabica were investigated. Six flavonoids were identified: isorhamnetin 3-glucoside and 3-rutinoside, herbacetin 8-rutinoside, herbacetin 8-methyl ether-3-rutinoside, 3,7-diglucoside and 3-rutinoside-7-glucoside.

Flavonoids and anthraquinones of some Egyptian Rumex species (Polygonaceae).

The flavonoids and anthraquinones of eight Rumex species belonging to subgenera Rumex and Acetosa were investigated. The flavonoid profile indicated that the subgenera are characterized by the presence of flavonols in subgenus Rumex and C-glycosides in the subgenus Acetosa.

Flavonoid patterns in Fagonia mollis-complex

Twenty samples of Fagonia mollis and F. tristis of different geographic distribution were investigated for their flavonoids. Kaempherol and isorhamnetin 3-rutinosides were the major flavonoids of F. mollis, while F. tristis contained, in addition, 8-O-methylherbacetin. The flavonoid patterns are discussed in correlation with the geographic distribution of both species.

Chemosystematic studies of Nitraria retusa and selected taxa of Zygophyllaceae in Egypt

Nitraria retusa (Forssk.) Asch. was subjected to botanical and chemical studies and compared against four selected taxa of Zygophyllaceae viz., Fagonia arabica L., Peganum harmala L., Tribulus terrestris L. and Zygophyllum album L.f. The botanical section included the study of morphological and anatomical characters of both vegetative and reproductive organs using LM and scanning electron microscope. The chemical section included a detailed study of the flavonoids present in N. retusa. Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as flavone, flavonol O-glycosides and flavone C-glycosides. Flavonoid patterns from N. retusa (Forssk.) Asch. of the selected taxa Zygophyllaceae were surveyed through HPLC and correlated with morphological and anatomical criteria.

The chemosystematics of Egyptian Euphorbia species

Abstract Nineteen Euphorbia species were studied for their flavonoid patterns. Flavonoids identified were kaempferol, quercetin, apigenin and luteolin. Major glycosylation patterns are discussed.

Herbacetin and gossypetin 3-glucuronide-8-glucosides from Roemeria hybrida

Abstract Two new flavonols, herbacetin and gossypetin 3- O -β- d -glucuronide-8- O -β- d -glucosides, have been isolated from Roemeria hybrida .

Flavonoid constituents of Dipcadi erythraeum Webb. & Berthel.

Abstract Seven flavonoids were isolated for the first time from the defatted aqueous methanol extract of Dipcadi erythraeum Webb. & Berthel. They were identified as kaempferol (1), quercetin (2), quercetin 3- O -(6″-α-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside-7- O -α-rhamnopyranoside (3), vitexin (4), isovitexin (5), orientin (6) and isoorientin (7). Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic analysis and also by comparison with authentic samples. The chemosystematic significance of these compounds was also summarized.