Niraldo José Ponciano

Análise de viabilidade econômica e de risco da fruticultura na região norte Fluminense

The purpose of the research was to determine, through the calculation of net present value and internal return rate, the viability of fruit production in the North area of Rio de Janeiro State, as well as to identify, using the Monte Carlo Method, the risk of each activity. The results show that fruit production can be a good alternative to the region. All the analyzed activities presented satisfactory profitability, and the highest internal return rates found for passion fruit, soursop, pineapple and sugar apple. The variable with greatest effect on profitability was the product sale price, and equally important were labor cost, price of fertilizers and cost of irrigation equipment. Pineapple, cocoanut, sugar apple, passion fruit and soursop practically offered no economic risks, while the greatest risks were presented by mango and guava.

Application of the first canonical variable in the evaluation of animal production trials

The objective of this work was to evaluate the inter treatment discrimination according to feed conversion efficiency in several animal performance experiments. The variables investigated were: feed conversion ratio (FCR = intake: production ratio), feed efficiency index (FEI = production: intake ratio) and bio-nutritional index (BNI). The BNI was constructed from the first canonical variable obtained based on the multivariate analysis of variance of the intake and animal production (weight gain or milk production) variables. The results indicated that FCR and FEI reciprocated each other at experimental plot level but did not reciprocate at animal group or treatment level. This fact implicates distortions on the descriptive levels of probability of type I error for hypotheses tests and compromises the statistical and animal production inferences. On the other hand, the BNI index guarantees the maximum discrimination among experimental groups and allows to identify significant differences, which were not observe with FCR or FEI indexes. This fact can be associated to the incorporation of animal production intensity characteristics using BNI.

Café convencional versus café orgânico: perspectivas de sustentabilidade socioeconômica dos agricultores familiares do Espírito Santo

Esse artigo enfoca a viabilidade de investimento na producao de cafe arabica, no Estado do Espirito Santo, comparando os sistemas convencional e orgânico, para identificar o que proporciona maior sustentabilidade socioeconomica aos produtores familiares. Os metodos de avaliacao economica utilizados foram o valor presente liquido, a taxa interna de retorno e o tempo de retorno do capital investido. Tambem foi feita a analise de sensibilidade. Demonstrou-se que ambos os sistemas de producao foram viaveis, mas, observou-se a grande dependencia de recebimento do premio para viabilizar o cultivo orgânico, compensando a sua menor produtividade. Alem disso, o preco recebido foi a variavel que exerceu a maior influencia na rentabilidade dos cafeicultores familiares. Concluiu-se que, assegurada a eficiencia economica e ecologica do sistema orgânico, o desafio e aperfeicoar a sua eficiencia tecnica, para que possa contribuir com a sustentabilidade socioeconomica dos cafeicultores familiares.

Análise da evolução do valor dos financiamentos do Pronaf-crédito (1999 a 2010): número, valor médio e localização geográfica dos contratos

The inequality of credit distribution of Pronaf, between regions and types of family farmers, has been indicated in many studies. To investigate this question, the research analyzes the evolution of Pronaf credit financings in Brazil, facing its decomposition in the effects number of contracts, average value of contracts and geographic localization. It can be concluded that, in the initial phase of the Program, a great increase in the contract number was verified, with dispersion of financings for states of poorer family farming, situated mainly in the Northeastern region in Brazil. This expansion continued until 2006, also followed, since 2003, by the increase in the average size of contracts. Since then, the expansion of the credit has been based exclusively on the increase of the average size of contracts and on the growing participation of states of capitalized agriculture in its distribution. As a result of this change, which may be associated with changes in the rules of the program, the inequality of the distribution of its financings is increasing.

Padrão de desenvolvimento tecnológico dos municípios das Regiões Norte e Noroeste do Rio de Janeiro

The objective of the research was to characterize the degree of technological development of the North and Northwest regions of Rio de Janeiro state. Factor analyzes was used to characterize the degree of technological development. Differences between regions, concerning the technological development, were evidenced by research. A change in the pattern of the technological development, with reduction in relation to the capital-labour, was still observed since the 80s decade. This phenomenon is probably related to decrease of rural credit supply and elevation of its costs.

Evolução da distribuição dos financiamentos do PRONAF entre as unidades da federação, no período de 1999 a 2009

The objective of this study is to analyze the distribution of the Proanf resources between the Federation Units, during the last decade. The results show that, initially, the distribution of these resources became less concentrated. However, this trend changed at the end of the period, and, currently, the Pronaf resources remains concentrated in a few states, mainly Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Parana and Minas Gerais. It was also observed that the distribution of the resources does not reflect, completely, the distribution of familiar agriculture between the states. These resources have been directed, mainly, to states whose participation in the value produced by familiar agriculture is high.

Otimização econômica, sob condições de risco, para agricultores familiares das regiões Norte e Noroeste do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

The objective of this work was to find systems of agricultural production that optimize the resources of familiar farmers of the North and northwest regions of the Rio de Janeiro, using the linear programming method. Farmers of the PRONAF groups (A, C and D) were interviewed, what allowed obtaining the information about resources endowment, production costs and gross margins. When the price risks were not included in the model, the guava was the best choice for the optimization of resources and income generation. When considered the price risks, through the MOTAD model, it was concluded that production systems involving the simultaneous culture of passion fruit and guava, mainly, can reduce the risks, without causing a great loss of the income. It was evidenced, besides, that the PRONAF resources contributed to raise the use of the land, to increase the return of the activities and for the rural employment.

Estrutura fundiária das regiões Norte e Noroeste do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: 1972 a 1998

The work has as objective to investigate, using data publi-shed by the Institute for Colonization and Land Reform (INCRA), the changes in land distribution in the North and Northwest regions of the Rio de Janeiro state, in the period from 1972 to 1998. The Gini index, the average area, the percentage of the area corresponding to the 5% largest landholders, and the percentage of the area corresponding to the 50% smallest landholders, were used to describe the profile of the land distribution. The results show significant differences between the studied regions. Although both regions have a concentrated agrarian structure, the land distribution is worst in the North region. It was still observed that the agrarian structure of these regions has not presented significative changes in the period.

Indicadores econômicos da produção de flores tropicais no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo determinar, mediante o calculo do valor presente liquido (VPL), da taxa interna de retorno (TIR) e do Payback Economico (PBE), a viabilidade economica da producao de Alpinia purpurata, Etlingera elatior e Anthurium andraeanum, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, bem como identificar e verificar, por meio da analise de sensibilidade, a influencia de alguns fatores do sistema produtivo sobre a rentabilidade da atividade nas principais regioes produtoras. Os resultados mostram que a producao das especies tropicais consideradas e uma atividade lucrativa e promissora para os agricultores no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Porem, trata-se de um mercado em construcao, cujos itens de maior impacto sobre a rentabilidade e o tempo de retorno do investimento (PBE) sao o preco de venda do produto e o percentual de perdas da producao. Assim, a agregacao de valor e o planejamento estrategico da producao sao importantes medidas mercadologicas para a consolidacao deste setor.

A fruticultura como alternativa para a produção familiar no âmbito do Pronaf nos municípios de Campos dos Goytacazes e São Francisco do Itabapoana - RJ

O trabalho analisa a importância do cultivo de frutas como alternativa para o aumento de renda da agricultura familiar, no contexto dos financiamentos concedidos pelo PRONAF. Os resultados evidenciaram que o recurso financeiro foi a variavel que mais limitou a escolha dos agricultores. Maracuja, goiaba e pinha foram identificadas como as melhores alternativas economicas para os produtores familiares da regiao. A analise permitiu concluir que a concessao do credito, pelo PRONAF, contribui para a melhor utilizacao dos recursos, para a obtencao de maior renda, bem como para a geracao de empregos.