Nuhfil Hanani

THE ABILITY OF INDONESIA COCOA BEANS IN FULFILLING THE DOMESTIC NECESSITY OF INTERMEDIATE PROCESSED COCOA INDUSTRY

Intermediate processed cocoa and chocolate industries in the world show increasing because the chocolate products consumption is growing at a very strong pace. Indonesia is a country with the potential to become the largest exporter of intermediate processed cocoa. The objectives of this research are: to analyze the ability of production of domestic cocoa beans to meet the demand for intermediate processed cocoa industry; to analyze the factors that influence the demand for cocoa beans to produce cocoa paste, cocoa butter and cocoa powder. This research uses simultaneous equation model with 2SLS method. This study states that the cocoa beans necessity required by industry of cocoa paste, cocoa butter and cocoa powder can be fulfilled by domestic production of cocoa beans. Cocoa beans demand for cocoa paste industry is influenced by wages, cocoa beans demand for cocoa butter and cocoa powder industries. Cocoa beans demand to produce cocoa butter is affected by world cocoa price, interest rate, cocoa beans demand for cocoa paste and cocoa powder industries.

Household Economic Decisions of Corn Farmers at West Timor, Indonesia

The study aimed to identify factors that influence household economic decisions of corn farmers related to the allocation of time, production activities, corn consumption and policy simulation which can increase household economic of corn farmer. Research was conducted at Tesbatan and Camplong II Village, West Timor, Indonesia. Data were analysed using a system of simultaneous equations. Parameter estimation used Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) and simulation analysis was used for getting alternative policy. The result showed that household economic decisions of corn farmer were affected by the level of wages and farming area. Corn production was influenced by the farming area, the use of labor, urea fertilizer and seeds. Consumption of corn was affected by the price of corn, household income, corn production and the number of household members. Then, Consumption of purchased corn was influenced by household income, corn production and the number of household members. The policy to increase the price of corn was very effective increasing household income but reduce the consumption of corn. Furthermore, the policy of expansion of the scale of farming could increase household income and consumption of corn. keywords: Corn, Consumption, Production, Household economic model.

MODEL EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyusun model ekonomi rumah tangga pertanian berdasarkan keputusan produksi, alokasi curahan kerja dan keputusan konsumsi rumah tangga petani lahan kering serta merumuskan alternatif kebijakan yang dapat diambil untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani lahan kering. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah sistem persamaan simultan yang didasarkan pada model ekonomi rumah tangga ( agricultural household model ). Metode pendugaan parameter menggunakan metode Two Stage Least Squares ( 2SLS) dengan software SAS versi 9.3 for Windows sedangkan untuk menghasilkan alternatif kebijakan yang dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani digunakan analisis simulasi, yaitu peningkatan lapangan kerja sektor off-farm dan penambahan satu unit jumlah ternak sapi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keterkaitan antara keputusan produksi, alokasi curahan kerja dan keputusan konsumsi dalam sistem usahatani lahan kering. Alternatif kebijakan peningkatan lapangan kerja sektor off-farm mampu meningkatkan pendapatan total rumahtangga petani sedangkan penambahan satu unit jumlah ternak sapi justru akan menurunkan pendapatan rumah tangga petani.