Oleg Zemlyaniy

FPGA-based time-integrating multichannel correlator for Noise Radar applications

Multichannel time integrating correlator has been implemented in FPGA Xilinx Virtex 6 using X6-1000M board from Innovative Integration Inc. A new implementation of relay correlator for FPGA has been suggested and tested. The approach suggested enables exclusion of multipliers usage that saves FPGA resources, which, in particular, allows increasing of the working range of Noise Radar. The developed correlators have performances sufficient for design of noise radar according to the software defined radar concept, such as homeland security sensors, ground based SAR, and radar tomography enabling generation of 2D and 3D coherent SAR images and radio-films.

Capabilities of noise radar in remote sensing applications

Nowadays noise waveform signals attract attention of radar engineers because they are inexpensive to generate both in analog and digital formats, covert, have good resistance against jamming and interference, are easily obtained using current microwave and RF circuit technology, spectrally very efficient and can share spectral bands without mutual interference, exhibit excellent waveform diversity characteristics. Coherent processing of noise signals enables to use them for phase and Doppler frequency measurements and for SAR imaging. Current work describes several radars showing current capabilities of noise radar technology such as shifts detection using Ka-band and X-band noise SAR, 3D SAR imaging and novel high dynamic range noise radars.

Ka-Band Ground-Based Noise Waveform SAR

We present main results of design and investigations of Ka-band ground based interferometric SAR which uses continuous noise waveform as a probe signal and may operate in both monostatic and bistatic regimes. Synthetic aperture antennas enable to design a portable, light weight, easy to mount device with high speed of operation suitable for SAR imaging in quasi-real time while Ka-band noise waveform signals provide all-weather high resolution, high electromagnetic compatibility and interference immunity. Experiments have shown a rather high stability and repeatability of the measurements due to both the high quality of the equipment and advanced signal processing methods. The SAR system designed is an innovative instrument for solving new tasks of precise remote monitoring of various large objects, such as sealing of big halls, dams, bridges, TV towers, hangars, etc.

Experimental Investigation of Chaotic Waveform Generator for Ultra Wide Band Noise Radar

In this paper we present results of investigation of P-band chaotic waveform generator based on the nonlinear dynamical system with delayed feedback of ring structure. A module, which functionally realizes in general the asymmetric piecewise one-dimensional map is used as nonlinearity. Statistical and spectral properties of the chaotic oscillations in the system with delay have been studied experimentally, as well as a relationship between properties of output signal and parameters of nonlinear element was established.

Noise radar design based on FPGA technology: On-board digital waveform generation and real-time correlation processing

The results on the use of arbitrary waveform generators that are based on FPGA technology for generation of complex signals in modern noise radars are presented. On the basis of these devices we propose a radar scheme with digital generation of noise waveforms for both sounding signal and reference and analog processing. Experimental results show efficiency of FPGA-based application in radar with variety of sounding waveforms. Multichannel time integrating correlator has been implemented in FPGA Xilinx Virtex 6 using X6-1000M board from Innovative Integration Inc. The developed correlator has a performance sufficient for design of noise radar according to the software defined radar concept for short-range applications, such as homeland security sensors, ground based SAR, and radar tomography enabling generation of 2D and 3D coherent SAR images and radiofilms.

Noise waveform reflectometer based on LED and spectral interferometry technique

The paper describes Noise waveform reflectometer of a new type, which uses wideband random signals and spectral interferometry method for fiber optical network diagnostics. Also correlation based reflectometer was submitted and investigated. These reflectometers have no so-called “dead zone” and are used for metrological support of fiber-optic communication lines (FOCL).

Millimeter-wave noise radar tomography

SAR tomography based upon MIMO concept with channels time-division is described and some results of its experimental validation using Ka-band ground based noise waveform SAR are presented. Two different linear synthetic apertures have been used for both transmit and receive antennas oriented in vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. Range resolution in SAR tomography is determined by power spectrum width of the transmitted signal, while its cross-range resolution is defined by 2D aperture dimensions and working wavelength. The approach suggested is applicable for generation of 2D and 3D coherent SAR images and radio-films provided data acquisition and signal processing in real time.

Digital generation of wideband chaotic signal with the comb-shaped spectrum for communication systems based on spectral manipulation

An algorithm for the digital generation of broadband chaotic signal with comb-shaped spectrum has been developed on the basis of nonlinear discrete system with delay. The data transmission method using the spectral manipulation technique with digital generation and processing was experimentally implemented. The results obtained can be utilized in the systems of transmitted data security from unauthorized access.

FPGA based random waveform generators for noise radars

The results on the use of arbitrary waveform generators that are based on FPGA technology for generation of complex signals in modern noise radars are presented. On the basis of these devices we propose a radar scheme with digital generation of noise waveforms for both sounding signal and reference and analog processing (stepped-delay method for noise radar). Experimental testing shows efficiency of FPGA-based application in radar with variety of sounding waveforms.

FPGA-based devices for random waveform generation and stepped delay signal processing

The results on the use of arbitrary waveform generators that are based on FPGA technology for generation of complex signals in modern noise radars are presented. On the basis of these devices we propose a radar scheme with digital generation of noise waveforms for both sounding signal and reference and analog processing (stepped-delay method for noise radar). Experimental testing shows efficiency of FPGA-based application in radar with variety of sounding waveforms.