Oskar Hasdinor Hassan

Marble dust incorporate in standard local ceramic body as enhancement in sanitary ware products

The ceramic body strength enhancement in sanitary ware becomes a crucial situation in order to achieve new design development. This design development is directly related to the investigation of present manufacturing process that involved forms, materials and techniques. The material use in this work is typical ceramic body namely porcelain. Porcelain is composed from china clay, feldspar and quartz. In sanitary ware, the challenge is to design forms within the limitations of the porcelain body which are the strength after casting and firing. In this work we modified the present porcelain body using a waste marble that obtained from the marble quarry. The obtained marble waste was grinded into dust and mixed into porcelain body slips. Standard slip casting characteristic was determined. Later the drying and firing characteristics were also determined, specifically the strength. The strength enhancement was observed as well as other properties enhancement. Thus the intricate design can be developed.

A Framework of Empirical Study Through Design Practice for Industrial Ceramic Sanitary Ware Design

Conventional industrial ceramic design investigation faced numerous dilemmas especially on the design methodology. The unclear design approach practised among the designers comes to the technical hitches to introduce a new product design. A previous study on design practice shows the possibilities to overcome these problems. Understanding of Research Triangle shows a concrete design practice was still under-discovered among researchers. This opportunity comes to the inspiration of assembling ceramic sanitary ware design (CSWD) framework in conjunction to problem-solution product development. The proposed method was divided into three stages: (1) understanding the role of designer and formgiving in product development, (2) identifying the design problem and the gap, (3) setting up verbal protocol analysis (VPA) and (4) capturing and sketching profile in CSWD. The amateur-advance-expert designer will be brought to the artificial design environment to record all design activities. The outcome of this framework will benefit the designer especially in the ceramic industry in order to come out with a new product segment.

A Pattern in Formgiving Design: Giving Priority to a Principle Solution in Industrial Design Situation

This research discusses on proposing a new design methodology for industrial ceramic based on “formgiving” perspective. A significant finding of formgiving between two different domains which, industrial design and engineering design has defined the potential new design segment introduced in ceramic industries. However, with the predisposed of aesthetics and human sensation, it insists to investigate the principle of design requirements among the designer, artifacts and users, in order to aesthetically solve the appearance and consequences of form development. The aim of this study is to propose a principle of solution embarks with ablution tub as sub-sanitary ware design rooted in user’s expectations. Finally, the study concludes the most important pattern of formgiving used in between designer and design situations.

Theoretical Framework for Ceramic Design Studies Facing Advanced Mathematical Educational Research

Labu sayong is one of the significant traditional ceramic crafts in the Malay world and appreciated for its aesthetics, values and motifs. There is so much of mathematical pattern language used in the process of structuring the pattern and form itself. Without any thought about the mathematics principles underlying the process, it will never end up with a variety of designs constructed. This paper will discuss about the mathematical design-thinking framework for the ceramicist especially the Malays and its contribution in the process of developing the industrial ceramic wares. Identified from the observations and derived from ethnographic design theory which put into practice. The investigation will be in the range on some of the structured theoretical frameworks, which observational design approaches as main measurement, accuracy, equality, transformations and estimation in exploring the development process. Finally, the paper concludes with the possibility of Malay design challenge identified by implementing the protocol analysis procedures, offering valid comparison of experimental data across the whole range of research undertaken.

A study on porcelain anti slip tile design

Literally, the application of corundum as an agent of hardness to glaze surface are determined to the hardness of the glaze properties itself. Corundum reacts as a coating agent that allowing surface roughness rating increase. Alumina is a compound with melting point of about 2,000 °C and sp. gr. about 4.0 is making the glaze component become more durable which solidify corundum foundation. As a result; it increases 50% slip resistant rating and reducing 50% of corundum usages as well as enhancing the image printing of 20–40% of grayscale tonality.

Understanding methodological solution in design situation of novice designer

This research discusses about categorizing new approach of industrial design research through design practice. Ironically, most of the novice designer design flaws and perspectives were not acquiescence with the design solutions. They probably faced with the unruly conclusion between structured and emergent design reasoning. The focus of this research is on understanding of the role demarcation of references and subject matter, which preferred as guidance of the novice designer to embark new ideas. The strategies of form development activities were adapted to a form-giving design theory. Finally, the design practice was analyzed through empirical design studies. It is aims to uncover the design thinking approaches and their standpoint on design solutions. The results also discussed the solution to both initial problems of design activities. At the end of this study, the guidelines of design methodology for novice designer were established in determining the core relation between design structure, design appearance and design limitation.

Conceptual framework of hydroxyapatite for damaged skull through design approach

Hydroxyapatite has become a significant study especially in clinical orthopedic usage. It was first explored as coating material for bone which was then figured as bone implant or synthetic bone with the ability to grow as natural bone through studies in fabrication and material engineering. With excessive research on the material, properties of hydroxyapatite has been improved. The interesting study of hydroxyapatite has triggered into various application exploration. This paper discussed on the application of hydroxyapatite for damaged skull cases through design approach. The framework will describe on the current findings of hydroxyapatite material development and methods of the proposed application, which is through slip casting technique. The positive role of a designer in the process of obtaining a solution to transfer the lab-scale knowledge into manufacturing process will hopefully bring further assistance especially in generating a more cost conducive material and affordable hydroxyapatite for future benefit of damaged skull patient.

Reformulating Local Ceramic Stoneware with Alumina as Replacement Material for the Heat Sink

Heat sink was a device that enhances heat dissipation from a hot surface, usually the case of a heat-generating component, to a cooler ambient, usually air. Currently, heat sinks were made of aluminum alloy, brass, cooper, and steel and produced high thermal expansion inside and poor airflow access through the heat sink lamp. In this work, the investigation on typical material development based on ceramic stoneware will be conducted. The objective of this research is to fundamentally determine the applicable stoneware body composition as the most suitable for the heat sink lamp as an alternative material replacement to the existing design in the market, thus enhancing its quality production and commercial values. The stoneware body formulation is then modified into five different batches. It was investigated through a comparison study by 100 % of the stoneware with formulated stoneware versus alumina by a ratio of 90:10, 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70, respectively. By investigating the stoneware with the designed test bar mold, it shows an increasing result of body density and strength. The water absorption clearly decreased due to the increasing temperature from 1,250 to 1,300 °C. As conclusion, the acceptable stoneware body formula to replace the conventional heat sink material is a ratio of 70 % stoneware with 30 % alumina. The advantages of using proposed formula because of practicality within greenware stages until fired ware.

First Principles LDA+U Calculations for ZnO Materials

The electronic, structural, elastic, and optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) with wurtzite-type structure were investigated using first-principles calculation based on density functional theory (DFT) with local density approximation (LDA) plus Hubbard U (DFT–LDA+U)method. Hubbard U improved the calculated results, allowing it to exhibit good agreement with experimental data. The DFT–LDA+U method successfully predicted the electronic properties of ZnO with better described the localization of transition metal Zn 3d electron. The calculated optical dielectric function of ZnO and its relation with electronic properties were further discussed.

Structural, Electronic, and Lattice Dynamics of PbTiO3, SnTiO3, and SnZrO3: A Comparative First-Principles Study

The properties of cubic (Pm3m, 221 space group) perovskite prototypes PbTiO3 (PTO), SnTiO3 (STO), and SnZrO3 (SZO) were investigated via first-principles calculation using the density functional theory as implemented in CASTEP computer code. The lattice parameters of PbTiO3 (as the reference compound) were calculated. The accuracy values of the calculation functional (GGA-PBEsol) were acceptable relative to the experimental values with typical error of approximately 0.6% underestimate. The independent elastic constants (C11, C12, and C44) and bulk modulus, B, were obtained and analyzed. The density of state studies indicated hybridizations among anion O 2p, cation Pb 6s/Sn 5s and the Ti 3d/Zr 4d states of PTO, STO, and SZO. An indirect band gap was respectively obtained for both PTO and STO at the X-G point. A direct band gap was attained for SZO at the X-X point along the high-symmetry direction in the Brillouin zone. The born effective charge values of PTO, STO, and SZO were attributed to the responses of the bond charges to the displacement caused by the strong covalency between the cation orbital and O 2p (strong covalency A-O and B-O bonding). Results also reveal that anion O 2p, cation Pb 6s/Sn 5s, and Ti 3d/ Zr 4d states have played an important role in the instability of perovskite oxide. Comparative results from the PTO, STO, and SZO prototypes showed the calculated theoretical and experimental values were in good agreement.