Otoniel Geter Lauz Ferreira

Macroinvertebrados bentônicos como indicadores de qualidade de água na Barragem Santa Bárbara, Pelotas, RS, Brasil

The objective of this work was to study the impact of two tributaries from the Santa Barbara Dam on this environment using the occurrence of zoobenthics and some water chemical characteristics. Monthly gathering and analysis from the water and zoobenthics were done during nine months in the tributaries Sanga da Barbuda and Sanga Passo do Cunha as well as in the inner part of the accumulation basin in the Santa Barbara dam. The results demonstrate that, though Sanga da Barbuda and Sanga Passo do Cunha present chemical characteristics lower than the recommended but still in the limits acceptable by the law that regulates the water quality standards for the supply, these tributaries are being diluted in a satisfactory way in the accumulation basin in the Santa Barbara dam. The study of the relations between chemical variables and zoobenthics show a significant correlation between low levels of dissolved oxygen and the presence of Oligochaeta; moreover, the increase of Oligochaeta indicates a situation of anoxia in the Santa Barbara Dam.

Morphogenetic characteristics of pearl millet under rotational grazing with different rest periods

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the morphogenetic characteristics of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.), under rotational grazing with the following rest periods between grazings (RP), corresponding to the time required for expansion from: RP 1.5 to 2 leaves, RP 2.5 to 3 leaves and 3.5 to 4 leaves. Morphogenic characteristics were evaluated in four replications of the area (paddocks) and consisted of leaf blade growth, leaf senescence, stem growth, leaf appearance, phillochron and leaf life-span. The leaf blade growth rate was 6.4, 5.8 and 5.3 cm/day, the senescence rate was 0.71, 0.82 and 1.19 cm/day, the stem growth rate was 0.73, 1.42 and 2.2 cm/day, the leaf appearance rate was 0.158, 0.119 and 0.118, the phillochron was 93, 118 and 128 degrees day for the rest periods of 1.5 to 2, 2.5 to 3 and 3.5 to 4 leaves, respectively. The leaf life span was not affected by the rest periods but the meanvalues were much higher than those obtained in previous studies, thus it is not an efficacious parameter to determine rest periods. The accumulated rates of the morphogenic variables for the 1.5 to 2 leaf rest period during the crop cycle determined a higher plant investment in leaves and, consequently, the best morphogenic responses for the forage aspect.A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the morphogenetic characteristics of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.), under rotational grazing with the following rest periods between grazings (RP), corresponding to the time required for expansion from: RP 1.5 to 2 leaves, RP 2.5 to 3 leaves and 3.5 to 4 leaves. Morphogenic characteristics were evaluated in four replications of the area (paddocks) and consisted of leaf blade growth, leaf senescence, stem growth, leaf appearance, phillochron and leaf life-span. The leaf blade growth rate was 6.4, 5.8 and 5.3 cm/day, the senescence rate was 0.71, 0.82 and 1.19 cm/day, the stem growth rate was 0.73, 1.42 and 2.2 cm/day, the leaf appearance rate was 0.158, 0.119 and 0.118, the phillochron was 93, 118 and 128 degrees day for the rest periods of 1.5 to 2, 2.5 to 3 and 3.5 to 4 leaves, respectively. The leaf life span was not affected by the rest periods but the meanvalues were much higher than those obtained in previous studies, thus it is not an efficacious parameter to determine rest periods. The accumulated rates of the morphogenic variables for the 1.5 to 2 leaf rest period during the crop cycle determined a higher plant investment in leaves and, consequently, the best morphogenic responses for the forage aspect.

Características estruturais de milheto sob pastejo rotativo com diferentes períodos de descanso

This work used the necessary time (days) for a completely elongation of new leaves, i.e., 1.5-2.0; 2.5-3.0 and 3.5-4.0 new leaves completely elongated in order to determine the rest period (RP) between grazing in Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.)R. Br.). The experiment was carried out as a completely randomized design with four replications (paddocks). Evaluations were performed for: number of live leaves/tiller (NAL); final length blade (FLB); blade/sheath and culm ratio (B/S+C); basal tiller density (BTD) and aerial tiller density (ATD). The higher BTD; NAL and B/S+C ratio observed in the shortest rest period determined the high quantity of green blades in the pasture sward and consequently the best structural characteristics from the forage point of view.

Características produtivas e morfofisiológicas de cultivares de azevém

RESUMO ® (Lolium multiflorum var. Italicum), Winter Star ® (Lolium multiflorum var. westerwoldicum), KLM 138 ® (Lolium multiflorum var. italicum) and Banquet II ® (Lolium perenne)), in a completely randomized design, totaling seven treatments, with six replications. The variables evaluated were forage weight, absolute growth rate (AGR), leaf area (LA), leaf area ratio (LAR), leaf weight ratio (LWR), specific leaf area (SLA), net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR), time for the first pruning and pruning intervals. Significant differences were observed for all variables. The INIA Titan ® cultivar showed the highest forage weight, while the LAR, LWR, SLA, NRA and RGR were higher for the Pronto ®

Composição química da carne de cabritos abatidos em idades diferentes

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of meat from three portions of the carcass of kids raised in range conditions and slaughtered at 8-9 or 11-12 months old. The trial was conducted in the region of Alto Camaqua and had 15 animals per group. Chemical composition of the carcass (moisture, protein, ashes, fats, and cholesterol) was determined from the shoulder, loin, and legs. Kids slaughtered younger had higher moisture and ash content in all three portions (p<0.05) when compared to older animals. Fat levels only were higher in kids slaughtered at an older age (p<0.05). Cholesterol content only on the leg, was lesser than the two other portions in younger animals (p<0.05). There were no differences observed between the three portions on the older animals. Older kids at slaughter had higher content of protein and fat but cholesterol remained unchanged. The three portions of the carcass had distinct chemical composition. Our results suggest that in range conditions the slaughter of animals should occur at 11-12 months old, resulting in meat with higher nutritional content in all portions of the carcass.