P. P. Dubey

Allele mining in β-lactoglobulin gene of Capra hircus

β-Lactoglobulin (β-LG) genetic polymorphisms are important and well known due to their effects on quantitative traits and technological properties of milk. At the DNA level, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) allows for the detection of unknown polymorphisms at β-LG loci. Here we describe the usefulness of the PCR-SSCP technique for β-LG typing. In the present study, we amplified and sequenced the part of promoter region and all the seven exons containing the entire coding and untranslated region for the β-lactoglobulin gene in best dairy goat breeds of India namely: Jamunapari and Jakhrana. Nine polymorphisms were detected, one in the l promoter region, four in the introns and four in the exons of the β-lactoglobulin gene. All polymorphisms were single nucleotide substitutions. The polymorphisms in the coding region did not produce any amino acid change.

Molecular characterization and novel genetic variability in leptin (obese) gene of mithun ( Bos frontalis )

The present study was undertaken with the objectives of sequencing, characterization and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identification of mithun leptin gene. The mithun leptin gene (3420 bp) was sequenced, compared with other species and phylogenetic tree were constructed. Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) showed three patterns in both exon-2 and exon-3 of the gene. Nucleotide sequences from all patterns revealed three novel SNPs. In exon-2 at 25 th codon, one SNP (AGC/TGC) with amino acid changed from serine to cysteine, and at 37th codon one silent mutation (ACA/ACG) was detected. In exon-3 at 72 nd codon, one silent mutation (CCG/CCA) was also identified. This preliminary study of existing gene variants can be used for further association studies, thereby establishing conservation of mithun germplasm. Key words : Leptin gene, mithun, phylogeny, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).