Pablo Teixeira Viana

Balanço de nitrogênio, concentrações de ureia e síntese de proteína microbiana em caprinos alimentados com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar tratada com óxido de cálcio

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da hidrolise da cana-de-acucar com oxido de calcio (CaO) sobre o balanco de nitrogenio, as concentracoes de ureia na urina e no plasma e a sintese na proteina microbiana em caprinos. Foram utilizados oito caprinos da raca Saanen, machos castrados, com peso corporal medio de 22,6 kg e 4 meses de idade, distribuidos em dois quadrados latinos 4 o 4, em quatro periodos experimentais de 14 dias. As racoes, formuladas para ser isoproteicas, com 14% de proteina bruta (PB), foram compostas de 70% de cana-de-acucar (tratada com 0; 0,75; 1,5 ou 2,25% de oxido de calcio na materia natural e corrigida com 1% de ureia) e 30% de concentrado e fornecidas a vontade. A cana-de-acucar com oxido de calcio foi picada em desintegrador estacionario, pesada, acondicionada em baldes plasticos de 50 litros e tratada com o oxido de calcio para ser fornecida aos animais apos 24 horas de armazenamento. O balanco de nitrogenio, as concentracoes de ureia na urina e no plasma e as excrecoes de ureia na urina nao foram influenciadas pelo tratamento da cana-de-acucar com oxido de calcio. A concentracao de alantoina (% das purinas totais) foi maior e a de acido urico menor nas dietas com cana-de-acucar hidrolisada com oxido de calcio em relacao a cana in natura. A producao e a eficiencia microbiana nao foram afetadas pela adicao de oxido de calcio a cana-de-acucar em dietas para caprinos em crescimento.

Crude glycerin in supplement to primiparous lactating cows grazing on tropical pasture: nutritional and productive characteristics

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and productive characteristics of primiparous lactating cows grazing on tropical pasture, using different levels of crude glycerin in the supplement. The experiment was conducted at Rancho Santana farm, located in Jequie city, Bahia, Brazil, in the period from December 21, 2010 to March 16, 2011. Ten ¾ Holstein × ¼ Dairy Gyr lactating primiparous cows, with 109±24 days of lactation and a mean age of 30±6 months and mean body weight of 426.2±68.29 kg were distributed into five treatments, using two simultaneous 5 × 5 latin squares. Treatments consisted of inclusion levels (0, 94, 191, 289, 389 g/kg dry matter basis) of crude glycerin in the supplement. Intake, digestibility, milk production and composition were measured. Results were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and regression at 0.05 probability. For all consumption variables no significant differences were found between the levels of crude glycerin. Except for the digestibility of ether extract, all digestibility values were similar between treatments. The fat content and yield showed quadratic effect between treatments. No significant differences were observed for protein, lactose, total solids, nonfat dry extract, fat:protein ratio, milk urea nitrogen and somatic cell count between treatments. For primiparous lactating cows grazing on tropical pasture, up to 389 g of crude glycerin/kg of dietary supplement can be included without nutritional and productive interference.

Fracionamento de carboidratos e de proteína das silagens de diferentes forrageiras

This experiment was conducted to characterize and quantify the fractions that make up the carbohydrate and protein in silages. The design was completely randomized with four replications and five treatments: corn silage (AG 5011), sorghum-sudangrass silage, forage sorghum silage (BR 601) and sunflower silage (Rumbsol 91). Sunflower silage had the lowest value of total carbohydrates (TC) and B2 fraction (potentially degradable fraction of the fiber). Silages of corn, forage sorghum and sorghum-sudangrass showed no difference in cholesterol levels. Fraction C (indigestible cell wall fraction) was higher in silages of sunflower and sorghum-sudangrass. There was no effect on the protein fraction (non-protein nitrogen) between silages. Sunflower silage showed higher crude protein and total nitrogen. No differences were found between the silages of maize and sorghum, and fraction C was smaller for the corn silage and forage sorghum. Silages of corn, forage sorghum and sorghum-sudangrass presented lower nutritional value due to the greater amount of cell wall and less energy, when compared with silages of corn and sunflower.

Tiller population density in deferred Urochroa decumbens pasture and strategies for nitrogen fertilization

The objective of this work was to evaluate the tiller population density in Urochroa decumbens pasture deferred for 95 and 140 days, aiming to determine the best strategy for nitrogen fertilization. Four fertilization strategies at the beginning and end of summer (0-0, 100-0, 50-50, 0-100 kg ha -1 of N) were studied, respectively, with four repetitions. For the pastures deferred for 95 days, the population densities of vegetative tillers were greater (p < 0.05) for the strategy 0-100. At the end of the deferment period, the weight of the vegetative tillers per hectare was greater for the strategy 0-100, followed by the strategy 50-50. The densities of vegetative tillers, evaluated in the pastures deferred for 140 days, were greater (p < 0.05) for the fertilization strategies 0-100 and divided 50-50. At the end of the deferment period, greater density (p < 0.05) of dead tillers was verified for the fertilization strategy 0-100, not proving effect (p < 0.05) in post-grazing. The strategy of application of 100 kg ha -1 at the end of summer, followed by the strategy of 50 kg ha -1 of nitrogen divided between the beginning and end of summer, promoted a positive influence on the tiller population density in pastures deferred for 140 days.

Production and economic viability of feedlot beef cattle categories

This study was realized to evaluate the production and economic viability of finished beef cattle in feedlot in the Cerrado biome of Piauí State, Brazil. One hundred and fifty cattle -50 bulls (B) with an body weight of 283.0 ± 20.82 kg, at 30 months of age; and 100 cull cows (CC) with an body weight of 296.1 ± 17.80 kg, at 100 months of agewere used in a completely randomized design. The animal performance indicators for the evaluation of economic viability were initial age (months), slaughter age (months), was initial body weight (kg), final body weight (kg), daily feed intake (kg animal; kg kg BW), diet cost (R

Densidade populacional de perfilhos em pastagem de Urochroa decumbens diferida e estratégias de adubação nitrogenada

kg of diet), cost of kg produced (R

Tiller population density in deferred Urochroa decumbens pasture and strategies for nitrogen fertilization - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i1.10243

kg produced), and average price of the kg of meat for finishing (R

Losses and nutritional value of elephant grass silage with inclusion levels of cottonseed meal

). The CC consumed more sorghum silage and concentrate than B (p < 0.05).There was a difference between the categories (p < 0.05) for gross revenue, balance, opportunity cost, and net revenue per animal, with higher values found for the steer category. The animal category did not affect the profitability of the system, although the bulls provided lower revenues than cull cows.

Avaliação de forrageiras tropicais: Revisão

The objective of this work was to evaluate the tiller population density in Urochroa decumbens pasture deferred for 95 and 140 days, aiming to determine the best strategy for nitrogen fertilization. Four fertilization strategies at the beginning and end of summer (0-0, 100-0, 50-50, 0-100 kg ha -1 of N) were studied, respectively, with four repetitions. For the pastures deferred for 95 days, the population densities of vegetative tillers were greater (p < 0.05) for the strategy 0-100. At the end of the deferment period, the weight of the vegetative tillers per hectare was greater for the strategy 0-100, followed by the strategy 50-50. The densities of vegetative tillers, evaluated in the pastures deferred for 140 days, were greater (p < 0.05) for the fertilization strategies 0-100 and divided 50-50. At the end of the deferment period, greater density (p < 0.05) of dead tillers was verified for the fertilization strategy 0-100, not proving effect (p < 0.05) in post-grazing. The strategy of application of 100 kg ha -1 at the end of summer, followed by the strategy of 50 kg ha -1 of nitrogen divided between the beginning and end of summer, promoted a positive influence on the tiller population density in pastures deferred for 140 days.

Crude glycerin in diets for lactating cows grazing on tropical pasture: ingestive behavior

The objective of this work was to evaluate the tiller population density in Urochroa decumbens pasture deferred for 95 and 140 days, aiming to determine the best strategy for nitrogen fertilization. Four fertilization strategies at the beginning and end of summer (0-0, 100-0, 50-50, 0-100 kg ha -1 of N) were studied, respectively, with four repetitions. For the pastures deferred for 95 days, the population densities of vegetative tillers were greater (p < 0.05) for the strategy 0-100. At the end of the deferment period, the weight of the vegetative tillers per hectare was greater for the strategy 0-100, followed by the strategy 50-50. The densities of vegetative tillers, evaluated in the pastures deferred for 140 days, were greater (p < 0.05) for the fertilization strategies 0-100 and divided 50-50. At the end of the deferment period, greater density (p < 0.05) of dead tillers was verified for the fertilization strategy 0-100, not proving effect (p < 0.05) in post-grazing. The strategy of application of 100 kg ha -1 at the end of summer, followed by the strategy of 50 kg ha -1 of nitrogen divided between the beginning and end of summer, promoted a positive influence on the tiller population density in pastures deferred for 140 days.