Pablo Usán

Comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with personality disorders in homeless people

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition that begins in childhood but can continue into adulthood, and may be the cause of many disadaptive behaviors, as in the case of homeless people, who often display a high incidence of personality disorders. The goal of this study is to analyze the comorbidity of ADHD with axis II disorders in a Spanish homeless population.ResultsThe outcomes show high comorbidity between these two kinds of disorders, and that the prevalence of axis II disorders is higher among people with ADHD than among the general population.ConclusionsFrom these results we can draw the conclusion that in homeless people ADHD in childhood continues into adulthood, when it is very often observed together with personality disorders. Finally, the implications of this study both for clinical practice and for future lines of research are discussed.

Influence of Physical Self-Concept in Drug Use in Adolescent Students Athletes

Drug use in Spain is one of the most serious problems faced by society today, and is particularly relevant in adolescence. Practicing physical sport activity is considered one of the most representative habits of a healthy lifestyle, and can act as a preventive factor in drug use. The physical self-concept of the people who practice sport plays a key role in drug adherence. This study aims to analyze the relation and influence of physical self-concept in drug, tobacco, and cannabis use in a sample of 682 adolescent athletes (M = 15.85; SD = 1.404). The results suggest significant influences on the competition perceived in different drug uses. Some practical implications can be deduced for coaches and instructors to bear in mind for their athletes, who aim to acquire a more adaptive and self-determined behavior away from drug use.

Adaptación del Cuestionario de Competencia Interpersonal ICQ-15 con Población Adolescente Hispanohablante

espanolEl objetivo de este estudio fue la adaptacion y validacion del Inventario de Competencia Interpersonal ICQ - 15 (Buhrmester, Furman, Wittenberg , & Reiss, 1988), probado con adultos, al caso de los adolescentes hispanohablantes ( N= 1060, edad= 16,23 anos). Se realizaron dos estudios: 1) se realizo la traduccion del ICQ - 15 al espanol y se evaluo su consistencia interna, estructura factorial y validez convergente; y 2) se realizo el anali sis factorial confirmatorio del cuestionario. El analisis factorial exploratorio mostro claramente que los factores del ICQ - 15 presentan una varianza acumulada del 64,88%, mostrando ser capaces de explicar la variacion unica de competencia interpersonal en adolescentes. Por su parte, el analisis factorial confirmatorio confirma la adecuacion del modelo, con un modelo sustentable compuesto por los cinco factores identificados y 15 items. El ICQ - 15 es un instrumento facil de comprender y rapido de completar, por lo que se considera util para la evaluacion de la competencia interpersonal en adolescentes. EnglishThe objective of this study was to adapt and validate the ICQ - 15 Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire (Buhrmester, Furman, Wittenberg , & Reiss, 1988), which has been tested with adults, with Spanish - speaking adolescents ( N= 1060, age= 16.23 years). Two studies were conducted: 1) the ICQ - 15 was translated into Spa nish, and its internal consistency, factorial structure and convergent validity were evaluated; 2) a confirmatory factorial analysis of the questionnaire was done. The exploratory factorial analysis clearly showed that the ICQ - 15 factors presented an accum ulated variance of 64.88%, and proved capable of explaining single variation for interpersonal competence in adolescents. Moreover, the confirmatory factorial analysis confirmed the suitability of the model, with a viable model that comprised the five iden tified factors and 15 items. As t he ICQ - 15 is an easy instrument to understand and quick to complete, it is considered useful to evaluate interpersonal competence in adolescents.

Translation and validation of the Mind-Wandering Test for Spanish adolescents

BackgroundWorking memory capacity and fluent intelligence influence cognitive capacity as a predictive value of success. In line with this, one matter appears, that of mind wandering, which partly explains the variability in the results obtained from the subjects who do these tests. A recently developed measure to evaluate this phenomenon is the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ).ObjectiveThe objective of this work was to translate into Spanish the MWQ for its use with adolescents and to validate it and to analyze its relation with these values: self-esteem, dispositional mindfulness, satisfaction with life, happiness, and positive and negative affects.MethodsA sample of 543 secondary students: 270 males (49.72%) and 273 females (50.28%) were used, who completed the questionnaire, and also did tests of self-esteem, dispositional mindfulness, satisfaction with life, happiness, and positive and negative effects. The transcultural adaptation process followed these steps: translation, back translation, evaluation of translations by a panel of judges, and testing the final version.ResultsValidity analyses were done of the construct (% explained variance = 52.1), and internal consistency was high (α = .766). The coefficients of correlation with the self-esteem, MASS, satisfaction with life, happiness, and affects scales confirmed the questionnaire’s validity, and a multiple regression analysis (R2 = 34.1; model F = 24.19. p < 0.001) was run.ConclusionsThe Spanish version of the questionnaire obtained good reliability coefficients and its factorial structure reliably replicated that obtained by the original measure. The results indicate that the Spanish version of the MWQ is a suitably valid measure to evaluate the mind-wandering phenomenon.